In forty-one patients with various heart diseases including 29 with LVH, the vectorcardiograms of Frank system and angiocardiographic findings correlated minutely. Based on the left ventricular wall thickness in end-diastole, left ventricular end-diastolic volume, and the length of the long axis of the left ventricle obtained in angiocardiograms, typical left ventricular hypertrophy was classified into types 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b anatomically. The vectorcardiograms in these 4 types represented different patterns with regard to the QRS and T loops respectively. The QRS voltage in the left ventricular hypertrophy closely correlated to the left ventricular wall thickness in end-diastole, the left ventricular end-diastolic volume, and the left ventricular mass. Marked ST and T changes in the left ventricular concentric hypertrophy characterized by increase in wall thickness without definite chamber enlargement may be closely related to the abnormal muscle state with the increased left ventricular wall thickness, and probably due to relative hypoxia in origin. The Q loop of patients with severe left ventricular concentric hypertrophy was definitely differentiated from that of most patients with the pure left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy which was characterized by chamber enlargement with usually slight thickening of the wall. A possible mechanism regarding inconspicuous or prominent Q loops in both concentric and eccentric LVH was presented. An important factor of the delay of the time of occurrence of the spatial R vector in the left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy is the greater distance of the intraventricular conducting pathways caused by the left ventricular dilatation. By means of assessing the vectorcardiogram of the left ventricular hypertrophy, relatively exact anatomy of the left ventricular hypertrophy can be determined.

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In order to epidemiologically clarify the relationships between the funduscopic findings and occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases, an analysis of 68 cerebral hemorrhage, 47 cerebral thrombosis and 230 controls in two rural Akabane and Asahi towns in Japan was accomplished and the results were as follows: 1. Among the fundamental funduscopic findings, irregular constriction, narrowing and retinal bleeding were high risk factors of cerebral hemorrhage in due order. Arteriolar reflex, lateral displacement, irregular constriction, tapering, vertical displacement, white plaque and retinal bleeding were high risk factors of cerebral thrombosis in the order listed. Sheathing of arteriole was significantly related to the occurrence of cerebral thrombosis. Mircoaneurysm was highly related to the occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases. 2. Risk of cerebral hemorrhage was significant and highest in grade 3 of Scheie's hypertensive and Keith-Wagener's classifications. Grade 3 of Scheie's hypertensive and Keith-Wagener's classifications of cerebral thrombosis revealed the highest O/E ratio but was insignificant. 3. As is to be expected, the higher the grade of each funduscopic finding and the classificaitons of the retinal findings, the higher the risk of occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases. 4. Three or more, bright red color and large plaque shape of retinal bleeding in the upper and lower temporal areas were more indicative of future cerebrovascular diseases than in other area, and one or two, dark red color or smaller bleeding. 5. Arterial blood pressure was significantly related to the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage and thrombosis. Albuminuria was also significantly related to the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage, but glycosuria was not found to have an important relation to the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage. The relationship between serum cholesterol level and cerebrovascular diseases was insignificant. 6. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and albuminuria were more important than the funduscopic findings for prospecting the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage, and on the contrary, the funduscopic findings were more important than systolic and diastolic blood pressure and other findings for prospecting the occurrence of cerebral thrombosis.

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The interrelationship of the funduscopic, physical and laboratory findings, the additional information of each funduscopic finding when physical and laboratory findings were considered simultaneously, and the relative importance of each retinal finding in the funduscopic pictures were investigated by a series of multivariate analysis for 68 cerebral hemorrhage, 47 cerebral thrombosis and 230 controls in two rural towns, Akabane and Asahi, in Japan and the results were as follows: 1. For the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage, narrowing of arteriole and irregular constriction were especially important indicators, and retinal bleeding and lateral displacement were also valuable but less than narrowing and irregular constriction. On the other hand for the occurrence of cerebral thrombosis, arteriolar reflex was considered as the most valuable indicator, and irregular constriction, lateral displacement and white plaque were also important but less than arteriolar reflex. 2. Narrowing of arteriole was most highly related with irregular constriction, while the correlation between retinal bleeding and white plaque, and also the correlation between arteriolar reflex, vertical and lateral displacement and tapering were significant. 3. A significant correlation among physical and laboratory findings was found only between systolic and diastolic blood pressure as far as analysed. Funduscopic findings by Scheie's hypertensive and Keith-Wagener's classifications were highly correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. 4. Narrowing and irregular constriction were significantly correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and the relation between retinal bleeding and glycosuria was significant. 5. An analysis of the additional information of each funduscopic finding, when evaluated with the physical and laboratory findings simultaneously, revealed that irregular constriction, lateral displacement and narrowing gave prominent additional information for the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage, while arteriolar reflex, lateral and vertical displacement and white plaque gave valuable information for the occurrence of cerebral thrombosis. 6. It is noteworthy from these multivariate analyses that narrowing and irregular constriction may arise from a similar pathophysiological mechanism which brings out vasoconstriction and the resultant organic changes due to hypertension. It is also noticed that arteriolar reflex and A-V crossing phenomenon may come from the different pathophysiological mechanism replated to arteriosclerosis. It was stressed that detailed analyses of observer variability and evolution of funduscopic findings would be necessary.

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1. There were significant correlation between hyperlipidemia and obesity, hypertension, abnormal ECG and abnormal eyeground. 2. The incidence of cerebral hemorrhage was closely associated with hypertension but not with hyperlipidemia. 3. It was proved that hypertension with both hyper-Ch and hyper-TG was highly related to the development of cerebral infarction. 4. It seemed that the incidence of myocardial infarction and angina pectoris was related to hypertension with hyper-Ch. 5. Therefore, the present study suggested that the control of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia was useful for the prevention of cerebro-cardiovascular disease.

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A prospective survey was made on the population of two village in order to compare the frequency of plasma lipoprotein abnormalities in the two cohorts. The inhabitants of the farming village and those of the fishing village had different mode of life, especially eating habits, and different incidence rates of heart attack and brain stroke, but invariably had low serum cholesterol levels. The results of the study indicated that the nature and frequency of plasma lipoprotein abnormalities made vary with difference eating habits. However, the way in which this variance is related to the development into heart attack and brain stroke in the two populations remains to be settled by further follow-up study.

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The serum cholesterol of 1431 inhabitants over 10 years old in the general population was estimated by the method of Autoanalyzer. The correlation coefficients of the serum total cholesterol between parent and child and between siblings were obtained from other samples which completely excluded consanguinity. The genetic study of 41 pedigrees of familial hypercholesterolemia with xanthoma which described the cholesterol value of parent and child in Japan and other countries was done, and the following results were obtained. 1) Cholesterol is a quantitative character, there-fore it will be controlled genetically by polygene. 2) It was presumed that the mode of inheritance of Type 11 hypercholesterolemia (with or without xanthoma) was also controlled by polygene. 3) The correlation coefficients of cholesterol between parent and child and between siblings were found to be 0.26004, 0.27998, respectively. 4) The heritability of cholesterol was found to be 0.5995.

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The prudent reducing diets relatively low in fat and rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids prepared with the intension of lowering lipid and applied to the cardiovascular patient with hyperlipemia and obesity. The diet is effective to the depress of serum lipid and the reducing body weight and I.R.I. in serum revert to normal levels and normal type.

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There has been many studies on myocardial catecholamine (CA) in congestive heart failure and ishemias heart disease. However, it has been mainly studied pharmacologically and biochemically and has not been elucidated completly the local change of CA of the myocardium. CA in sympathetic nerves was first stained fluorescence histochemically by Falck-Hillarp in 1962, and many observations were made on its distribution and morphologically concentration of CA in tissue was also observed. Furthermore, the fluorescence histochemical simplified method (cryostat method) by Laties and Jacobowitz was published in 1967. This cryostat method produced the same good preparation instead of the freezed dried method of Falck-Hillarp and could be used semi-quantitatively for the determination of CA concentration in tissue. The author examined fluorescent-histochemically the distribution of CA in sympathetic nerve endings of the myocardium of animals (mouses, rabbits and dogs). After the administration of several agents and in some pathologic conditions, those were in the hypertrophied heart and impending heart failure, in myocardial infarction and A-V block. Furethermore, the change of CA in the myocardium was examined biochemically by von Euler method and its results were compared with the results of fluorescence-histo chemical method. Methods (1) All agents were administrated in mouse intraperitonially and the myocardium were obtained after the descreibed times. a) reserpine: 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg respectively, 4, 24, 48 and 74 hours after the administration. b) nialamide : 100mg/kg. 3 hours after the administration. c) noradrenaline and l-isoproterenol hydrochloride : 0.1mg/kg, respectively. 30 minutes after the administration. d) nitroglycerin : 0.3mg/kg. 30 minutes after the administration. e) prenylamine : 20, 50, 100 and 200mg/kg. 1, 4, 8, 24, 40 hours after the administration.

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