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Volume 38, Issue 6
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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M. Ishii1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 619-624
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCEA is nominated firstly for tumor marker in colonic cancer. Several studies have reported on analysis of antigenic determinants concerning CEA and CEA-related antigens. On the other hand, production of monoclonal antibody against specific CEA-determinant for cancer has been tried in several laboratories. A few studies have reported on result that a significant increase in specificity for colonic cancer was obtained with CEA-assay for circulating CEA using monclonal antibody which revealed weak reactivity against CEA-related antigens, but same reactivity against specific CEA-determinant as compared with conventional anti-CEA.
TennaGen and tissue polypeptide antigen which are nonspecific markers for colonic cancer were appeared to be available for screening colonic cancer because of high sensitivity for the detection.
Neither CA 19-9 nor CA-50, which have been found as carbohydrate antigen with monoclonal antibody produced by immunizing culture cells from human colonic cancer, were of high value as tumor marker for colonic cancer. However, a recent study on combinedassays using CA 19-9 (sialylated Lewisa) and CSLEXI (sialylated Lewisx) reported on increase of sensitivity for detection of colonic cancer. Structure of carbohydrate antigen such as CA 19-9 and CA-50 is similar to Lewisa and therefore immunohistological study on distribution of Lewisa and Lewisb in normal colon and colonic cancer presented interesting report.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
S. Kodaira, M. Watanabe, K. Okuda, Y. Takada, A. Hara, T. Teramoto, O. ...1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 625-632
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVarious tumor markers of colorectal cancer have been identified, among them, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been successfully applied clinically.
Using the somatic cell hybridization method, many monoclonal antibodies reactive with various cancers have been developed. Among the cancer associated antigen detected by these monoclonal antibodies, carbohydrate antigens have been shown to be important.
In this paper, distribution of these tumor associated antigens including CEA, X-hapten, Y-hapten, CA 19-9 and NCC-ST-439 antigens were studied in the tissue of colorectal carcinoma and normal looking colon, using immunohistochemistry, RIA and EIA.
In mucosa remote from carcinoma, CA 19-9 was not expressed, X-hapten and CEA were only faintly expressed. Y-hapten was expressed in proximal colon and not in distal colon. In mucosa adjacent to carcinoma, CA 19-9, X-hapten and CEA were faintly expressed, but NCC-ST-439 and Y-hapten were not expressed.
In all cases of carcinoma, the content of NCC-ST-439 antigen and CEA was much higher than in the remote mucosa. In adenoma, the experssion of these antigens was some extent related to the degree of cellular atypia.
These results show that the expression of these antigens change along with neoplastic transformation and progression in the colorectum.View full abstractDownload PDF (8718K) -
S. Akai, K. Kato1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 633-639
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe CEA test is not sensitive or specific enough to be an adjunct in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer. But in a few cases of asymptomatic advanced cancer, high CEA levels are helpful in the diagnosis of malignancy.
In follow-up of postoperative colon cancer patients, CEA values greater than 5 ng/ml indicate a stronger probability of recurrent disease, and CEA "slope analysis" is a more sensitive method for the detection of early recurrence. Flat slopes (less than 0.5 ng/ml/10 days) suggest local recurrence, and steep slopes (greater than 1.0 ng/ml/10 days) strongly imply liver metastases.
Monitoring therapy with CEA is useful in watching for postoperative recurrent disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (433K) -
Y. Moriya, S. Watanabe, K. Hojo, Y. Koyama, H. Okura1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 640-646
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAbout half of patients with colorectal cancer had a negative test for serum CEA assay. Therefore the combination assay of seven kinds of tumor markers ; CEA, CA 19-9, CA 125, ferritine, BFP, TAP and 2-microglobulin was performed in 105 patients with colorectal cancer preoperetively. The sero-positivities of CEA, C 19-9 and TAP were correlate with Dukes staging and especially these three assays had positive in over 50 % with Dukes stage D. Though the low sero-positivity compared with CEA, CA 19-9 assay was effective as a monitor following surgery. And the combination assay of CEA and CA 19-9 seems to be useful to increase the sensitivity.
All tumor markers examined in this serises lack both the sensitivity and the specificity to be useful as a diagnosis of Dukes stage A.View full abstractDownload PDF (404K) -
A. Yachi, M. Tanda, K. Imai1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 647-653
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecent advances and perspectives concerning tumor markers of colonic cancer detected by monoclonal antibodies were reviewed. In particular, CEA, C020. 11, 171-A, CA19-9 and other blood group-related antigens were discussed from the view points of molecular profiles and of clinical application for the diagnosis of cancers. Special attentions have been paid on the ras gene product (P 21) since it was specifically expressed on malignant colonic diseases, but not on benign colonic diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (455K) -
S. Nishiyama, K. Koh, K. Nakano, E. Morikawa, M. Hatta, G. Izumoto, T. ...1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 654-662
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSurgery on the intrapelvic organs is often followed by anorectal, bladder and sexual dysfunction due not only to the excision of the organ, but also to damage of the intrapelvic autonomic nerves.
Therefore, some techniques to reduce the excision area and to preserve intrapelvic nerves as much as possible have been studied so as to retain the function of such organs.
Thus, we have studied the influence of the denervation of hypogastric and sacral nerves on the anorectal function with manometric and myoelectrical recordings in the dog.
The results were as follows.
1) Within five weeks after both hypogastric and sacral denervation, neither anal canal resting pressure nor electrical activity of the internal anal sphincter was significantly different from the preoperative level.
2) After denervation of both nerves, anorectal reflex was positive. Compared with the preoperative pattern of the reflex, however, the inhibition time of the internal anal sphincter motility at the reflex was more remarkably prolonged than that observed in normal dogs.
3) Rectal compliance increased one week after denervation of both nerves, but tended to return to the preoperative level at three weeks or later.
4) These findings suggest that the activity of the internal anal sphincter and the anorectal reflex are controlled mainly by the myenteric plexus, which is affected by hypogastric and sacral nerves at a higher level.View full abstractDownload PDF (598K) -
M. Tada, S. Shimizu, K. Kawai, Y. Watanabe1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 663-668
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: March 03, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBone metabolic disorder is one of the untoward effects caused by steroid administration for inflammatory bowel diseases. During steroid therapy, we tried to assess its effects on bone metabolism by means of the microdensitometry method.
Using MCI, ΔGSmin and ΣGS/D as indicators, the amout of adiministered prednisolone correlated with the degree of osteoporotic chages. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and the N-terminal of PTH (parathormone) were also measured during the course, showing that the serum levels of calcium and phosphorus deviated in some cases where the doses of steroid were low. Administration of activated vitamin D (lα-OH-D3), 0.5 μg per day, during steroid therapy showed a tendency to prevent the development of osteoporosis and/or normalize the values already mentioned, in so far as the cumulative steroid dose was less than 4000 mg.
These data indicated that, during steroid therapy, attention should be directed to its harmful effects on bone metabolism, and that the desirable effects of la-OH-D3 should be appreciated.View full abstractDownload PDF (1475K) -
K. Kono, Y. Matsushima, N. Suzuki, A. Kinugasa, K. Suzuki, T. Inokuma1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 669-676
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDuring the two-year period between August 1982 and July 1984, we operated on 2092 cases of anal fistula. In 168 of these (8.0%), we used our new method, that is, the filling and closure with the external sphincter or the gluteus maximus muscle flap of the area against the cavity after the anal fistulotomy, with good results. This technique shortens the healing time. Its postoperative scar is soft and disturbances are minimal.
Ischiorectal, high intramuscular, pelviorectal, suprasphinteric, and supralevatoric fistulas are deep, complicated, and difficult to cure. Rectal stenosis is occasionally included with these cases.
Such patients are normally treated by the lay-open method and healing may take several months. In addition, post-operatively, these patients will have a thick scar and a hard and nonelastic anus.
Depending on the position of the cavity after the fistulotomy, we chose from five types of operation by the rotating direction and method of applying the pedunculated muscle flap.View full abstractDownload PDF (5186K) -
N. Taira, Y. Moriya, Y. Koyama1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 677-683
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is essential to recognize the local extension of rectal cancer for choosing an adequate operative procedure. 10 cases of rectal cancer were studied by ultrasonic echography during surgery for obtaining the diagnosis of the local extension. The rectal wall was visualized to four layers by this method. The depth of invasion was determined by the degree of destruction of the four layers. The invasion of adjacent organs was clearly visualized without interference of the ultrasound by the cancer. Lymph nodes were examined along the superior rectal and bilateral iliac vessels and this scanning led to the correct location of the lymph nodes. We found hyperechoic spots in the lymph nodes, corresponding to cancerous nests with central necrosis histologically. The hyperechoic spot is useful as a sign of lymph node metastasis of rectal cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (7186K) -
H. Kambe, T. Yoshida, Y. Haraguchi, T. Ohohashi, T. Iwashita, A. Sakam ...1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 684-688
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: December 03, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDisease activity of ulcerative colitis was quantitatively assessed by utilizing multiple regression analysis for the purpose of evaluating its severity. Thirty-two cases of ulcerative colitis was divided into three groups, mild, moderate and severe, by Truelove and Witts's classification of disease severity. The respective numerical values assigned to the three descriptions are 1, 2 and 3. Initially fifteen independent variables were selected among the clinical parameters that are frequently used to determine the severity of inflammatory bowel disease. By applying multiple regression analysis with stepwise deletion, factors indispensable for disease activity are selected;i.em temperature, pulse rate, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, red blood cell count, a2-globulin and bowel movements per day. The disease activity is estimated by using the formula y=-12.168+0.333X1+0.022X2+0.018X3-0.337X4+0.056X5+0.033X6. Each raw coefficient is then rounded to the nearest integer and the formula is shown as Y=-700+20X1+X2+X3-20X4+3X5+2X6. By applying this equation to each case, the range of activity indicis can be expressed as mild, less than 90; moderate, between 90 and 140; and severe, more than 140.View full abstractDownload PDF (283K) -
S. Takenoshita1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 689-695
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe tissue levels of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) are generally elevated in rapidly growing tissues including malignant tumors. In the present study the tissue contents of polyamines were measured in 57 human colorectal adenoma and 153 adenocarcinomas. When analyzed with the use of high-performance ion-exchange chromatography, a minor peak was eluted a little prior to putrescine. The combination of several chromatographic techniques revealed that this peak corresponded to N1-acetylspermidine.
The polyamine contents of both colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas were about twice as much as those of the control mucosae. The N1-acetylspermidine contents of adenocarcinomas were about 4 times as much as those in adenomas with mild dysplasia and in control mucosae. There was, however, no difference in the N1-acetylspermidine level among the different histological types of carcinomas. The N1-acetylspermidine contents in adenomas with mild and moderate dysplasia were not higher than those of control mucosae, while in adenomas with severe dysplasia the N1-acetylspermidine contents were higher than control mucosae but lower than those of adenocarcinomas. These results indicate that N1-acetylspermidine can be a promising marker for the discrimination of carcinomas from adenomas and control mucosae in the colon and rectum.View full abstractDownload PDF (426K) -
Masaharu Yabe1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 696-706
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough a number of reports have been published on the histogenesis of colonic adenomas, the theory has not been verified yet.
Therefore, the author has tried to elucidate experimentally a role of the proliferative zone (PZ) on the histogenesis of adenomas in the large intestine of Wistar rats treated with N, N'-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH).
Specimens obtained from five different portions of the large intestine were investigated autoradiographically. Three dimensional architectures of 39 minute foci of colonic adenomas were reconstructed from 9800 serial sections.
From this study, benign adenomas of the colon were considered to have developed after preceding mucosal hyperplasia. According to the autoradiographical findings, PZ in the distal colon was found at the lower and middle level of the mucosa and PZ in the proximal colon was located at the middle level of the mucosa in the control rats. However, PZ in the distal colon extended to the upper level of the mucosa and PZ in the proximal colon extended not only to the upper level but also to the lower level in the rats treated with DMH.
Most of all, these minute foci of colonic adenomas have shown the continuity to PZ of colonic mucosa. However no epithelial cell labeled with 3H-TdR was observed at the mucosal surface.
Therefore, it was concluded that the colonic adenoma originated from the extended PZ in this study.View full abstractDownload PDF (5933K) -
H. Itoh, A. Yagita, I. Tatekawa, T. Tani, M. Ogata, K. Iwai, Y. Kawaba ...1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 707-710
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 66-year-old man was admitted with lower right abdominal pain. He had no history of lung tuberculosis. A lower right abdominal mass was palpable. Roentgenographic examination showed shortening of the ascending colon and deformity of the cecum. Colonic fiberscope revealed an ulcer in the cecum. Microscopy indicated tuberculous granulomas. The postoperative course was satisfactory, and the patient was discharged three weeks after the operation. Since such a case is not frequently seen clinically, the Japanese literature was reviewed and so cases reported in detail.View full abstractDownload PDF (1208K) -
S. Yamamoto, K. Ishimoto, K. Koh, H. Yukawa, M. Sakaguchi, N. Kono, M. ...1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 711-715
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 34-year-old female patient receiving hemodialysis for chronic renal failure developed an ulcer in the ascending colon. The chief complaint was tarry stool. Detailed examination after admission did not reveal any abnormalities in the upper gastrointestinal tract. A hemorrhagic ulcer in the ascending colon was found by colonofiberscopy.
Conservative therapy was done and the ulcer regressed, and the patient was discharged.
It is well known that a renal failure patient is apt to suffer from gastric and duodenal ulcer. In Japan, there are few reports of colonic ulcer as a complication of renal failure.
However, in other countries, it has been reported that patients with renal failure or with a transplanted kindney often suffer from colonic ulcer. The relationship between renal failure and colonic ulcer has not been clarified yet. Infection by cytomegalovirus or localized ischemic changes of the colon might produce this complication. When a patient with renal failure has gastrointestinal bleeding, it is important to pay attention to the lower as well as the upper gastrointestinal tract.View full abstractDownload PDF (1483K) -
T. Noto, T. Kim, S. Koh, T. Tajima, T. Mitomi1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 716-720
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith the progress of the medical treatment of ulcerative colitis, patients with toxic me- gacolon are not very often encountered. However, once the ulcerative colitis is complicated with toxic megacolon, its prognosis is poor. Although it is important to judge accurately the indication for surgical treatment, there is considerable controversy about the operative procedures.
We have experienced two cases of toxic megacolon, for one of which subtotal colectomy with ileostomy was performed, and for the other, subtotal colectomy was done three days after the initial operation by Turnbull's procedure.
The patients are still alive.
From our experience and a review of the literature, one-step colectomy seems to be better than Turnbull's procedure as the initial surgical treatment for toxic megacolon.View full abstractDownload PDF (4250K) -
K. Nishimura, K. Iwahashi, K. Tsunekawa, T. Kudo, T. Ito1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 721-727
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSquamous-cell carcinoma of the colon is quite rare. To our knowledge, only 29 cases have been reported previously. In this report, we present the 30th case, an clinical features and possible pathogenesis are discussed.
A 37-year-old woman with a chief complaint of right flank pain was diagnosed as having a right ovarian tumor ; however at the laparotomy it was found to be a carcinoma of the ascending colon extending into the abdominal wall and also to the ileum. Palliative right he-micolectomy and ileotransversostomy was performed. Histologic examination of the specimen revealed poorly differentiated keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and no lymph nodes were involved (type B in Dukes' classification). Unfortunately, she developed abdominal pain and severe anemia ten months after the operation. A firm mass was palpable in the right lower quadrant indicating local recurrence. She had severe anemia, but a stool guaiac test was +1 positive for blood and there was no intraperitoneal bleeding. Accordingly external irradiation was carried out (total dose 6, 400 rad), the abdominal mass became unpalpable and the anemia improved. Seventeen months after the operation liver metastasis was found and she died one month later.View full abstractDownload PDF (4009K) -
1985 Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 728-735
Published: 1985
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (676K)
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