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Volume 39, Issue 7
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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S. Nakayama1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 799-805
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntiperistalsis was found by Cannon (1902) to occur in the cat colon, and has also been reported in the colon of dog, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, and man. Antiperistalsis has been said to originate from a certain region in the colon in experimental animals, for example, in the rabbit it originates from the fusus coli. In other words, the pace maker of antiperistalsis is located in the fusus coli. Therefore, it is possible that such a pacemaker in the human colon may also be located in a specific region. The contribution of antiperistalsis to retardation of the contents of the colon is discussed in this report and cinefluorograms of various types of colonic motility and electrical activity in the colon of man are reviewed.View full abstractDownload PDF (449K) -
D. Sasaki1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 806-813
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe methods emplyed for studying movements of the large intestine have been diverse. It is therefor convenient to consider at the outset the method used. The investigator must decide exactly what information is desired. Careful consideration should be excercised in the interpretation of colonic motility, because it is influenced by several factors.
About the motilities in the ascending colon, very little is known, because of limited access by conventional method. To study the motilities, a new method, that is Endoscopic Retrograde Bowel Insertion (ERBI), offered rapid access to colon for pressure sensors.
From the pathophysiological viewpoint, the relationships between motility patterns of the ascending and sigmoid colons and bowel habit in irritable bowel syndrome are interpreted.
Author described the role of colonic motilities in the pathogenesis of diverticular disease and relationships between motility patterns and bowel habit.
The effect of some drugs upon colonic motility also described.
Special attentions have been paid on the colonic motility since it is very useful for studying the pathogenesis of functionally disturbed colonic diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (500K) -
Y. Miwa, M. Kawamura, M. Shigemoto, I. Yokoyama1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 814-818
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRelationship between colonic mucosal blood flow and motility was reviewed with special references to our own results using hydrogen gas clearance method. Other methods for the measurement of the mucosal blood flow were also reviewed. The fact that mucosal blood flow is not regulated solely by the tonus of intestinal wall was shown in the literature as well as our several experiments with cigarette smoking, time course after meal, laxatives and diuretic intake, and subcutaneous anti-cholinergic agent. In our cases with irritable bowel syndrome, the mucosal blood flow was low in constipation-predominant cases with elevated tonus, sug-gesting that chronic impairement in mucosal blood flow may well obtain new equiburium state in spite of sustained tonic contraction in the intestinal wall.
In coloproctology, although, physiological examinations including measurement of mucosal blood flow seem to be far less attractive than morphological investigations for most of physicians, the new aspect in the measurement of mucosal blood flow in the human colorectum could, I believe, be expected especially in relation with gut hormones, growth factors, and growth factor-like activities in the mucosa.View full abstractDownload PDF (352K) -
K. Koh, M. Yasutomi1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 819-829
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: December 03, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLess is known about the motility of the colon than that of the upper gastrointestinal tract due to the technical difficulties involves in observing it. The motor function of the large intestine can be separated into two parts. The proximal colon orad from the Cannon-Böhm point is proposed to be a region of stasis and absorption of intraluminal contents, while distal colon is characterized by propulsion and defecation.
In this study, we examined colonic motility and the mechanism of postoperative defecation dysfunction using electromyograms. strain gauge force transducers and manometry.
In out first study, periodic contractions at intervals of 30-40 min with a mean duration of 8-10 min were recorded in both the proximal and distal colon in fasted conscious dogs. Most of these migrated aborad and few migrated orad. Moreover. about 80% of small intestinal migrating motor complexes (MMC) were propagated into the colon through the ileoco-lonic sphincter.
Secondly, we studied the mechanism of postoperative defecation dysfunction using two experimental models in dogs. After denervation of the hypogastric and sacral nerves, the anal canal resting pressure remained as high as the preoperative value and rectoanal reflex was positive, but the inhibitory phase of the reflex was prolonged. This was derived from oligoga-nglionosis of the intrinsic nervous plexus after section of the sacral nerve roots. On the other hand, anterior resection of the rectum with preservation of the extrinsic nerves produced abnormal spastic contractions in the proximal colon above the anastomosis, which caused a secondary decline in the anal canal resting pressure. These models are a vey good reflection of the clinical course of defecation dysfunction after low anterior resection for rectal cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (689K) -
N. Umehara1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 830-839
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHistopathologic and cytophotometric studies on changes of colonic mucosa in rats treated with dimethylhydrazine (DMH) disclosed that a significant increase in proliferative activity of mucosa had occurred 4 weeks before the appearance of histopathologic dysplasia, and 8 weeks prior to development of grossly visible invasive cancer. In the present study, 12 rats received subcutaneous injection of DMH in a dose of 15 mg/kg/week. Two rats each were killed at 6, 8, 10, 14, 18 and 22 weeks after initiation of DMH-treatment and their colon were examined grossy, histopathologically and cytophotometrically. Gross cancers developed in 3 out of 4 rats killed after the 18th week of the treatment, whereas histopathplogic dysplasia had appeared in rats killed after 14 weeks of the treatment and increased proliferative activity as well as appearance of over 4 C cells were observed already after 8 weeks of DMH-treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (602K) -
T. Yoshida, Y. Haraguchi, Y. Mizuta, Y. Daimon, M. Onizuka, H. Noda, Y ...1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 840-845
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 58 consecutive cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) were studied in terms of shortterm prognosis with a mean follow-up period of 5.5 years fom the onset of disease and of 3.5 years affter the start of the follow-up study in 1978. Factors highly related to prognosis such as the severity and extent of the disease and the age at onset were correlated with those factors involving mortality and morbidity of short-term prognosis. There was a significant correlation noted between severity of disease and rates of surgey, deaths, extension of the disease, hospital admission, systemic complications and types of clinical course. As to the extent of the disease, only frequency of complications, relapse and admission were proved to be significant. The age at onset was shown to be significant only with respect to the death rate among prognostic indicators. From the viewpoint of long-term treatment of UC, it is indispensable to take into account all of those factors deeply involved in prognosis, and to correlate them to various factors determining mortality and morbidity in order to predict the subsequent clinical course and to institute the prompt management of complications.View full abstractDownload PDF (409K) -
H. Mimoto, A. Goto1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 846-857
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn immunohistochemical study on secretory component (SC), IgA and CEA were performed using the PAP method in several kinds of gastrointestinal lesion. In general, colonic mucous membrane showed increased staining for these factors compared with gastric mucosa. Decreased staining for SC and IgA, contrary to an increase in that for CEA, was found in cancerous tissue. Some correlation between CEA staining and histologic dysplasia was found in colonic polyposis. Decreased staining for SC and IgA was found in juvenile polyp and adenoma in the Cronkhite-Canada syndrome, suggesting a decrease in the production of SC and in the secretory function of IgA. In addition, the possibility of malignant change was suspected immunohistochemically in the case with intestinal metaplasia adenoma. These findings indicate that an immunological mechanism might be expected to play a role in the development of the Cronkhite-Canada syndrome.View full abstractDownload PDF (3861K) -
Statistical Analysis of Manometric Studies by Quantitification Theory Type IIIK. Watanabe1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 858-870
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify the defecation function of the patient undergone the sphincter preservation operation for the rectal cancer, the manometric studies were performed 63 times in 40 cases (12 control cases, 7 preoperative cases and 21 postopeative cases.)
Each value was treated statisticaly by quantitification theory type III for the analysis of the relationship between these items and clinical evaluations.
Items which have a relationship to clinical evaluations at over 0.5 of the correlation coefficient (p<0.005) were the operation methods, distance between the anal verge and anastomosis, postoperative term, Max. vol., Min. vol., VP ratio and anorectal reflex area.
When the each item and cathegory were given the values, it was found that the items which have the large absolute values and over 0.2 of range were closely related to the clinical evaluations.
Each quantified samples value were caluculated from the given quantities of items and cathegories. The sample value over 0.5 means the excellent clinical evaluation, while the value under 0.5 indicated fair or poor clinical evaluations.
As conclusion, the clinical evaluation could be accomplished numerically by the quantitification theory type III.View full abstractDownload PDF (883K) -
K. Suzuki, S. Miyagawa, N. Sato, K. Komatsu1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 871-876
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a rare case of long-standing ulcerative colitis in which carcinoma of the colon and biliary cirrhosis developed.
A 29-year-old man with chronic ulcerative colitis was admitted because of acute abdominal pain and severe fullness, requiring urgent surgical treatment. Pathologic examination of the specimen confirmed the presence of an invasive adenocarcinoma of the transverse colon, causing stricture.
The patient subsequenthy underwent elective colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis, but he died of recurrence of the carcinoma after a year. Autopsy showed biliary cirrhosis.
The clinical features of this patient are discussed, with emphasis on the importance of surveillance techniques for detecting early carcinoma of the colon.View full abstractDownload PDF (3494K) -
S. Shimizu, H. Okada, M. Tada, K. Kawai1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 877-881
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour cases of stercoral ulcer are reported in the light of the available literatue. They consisted of three males and a female, aged 56-82(mean 70.2) years. All patients had a tendency of constipation, and obstinate constipation resulted in hematochezia. Urgent colonoscopy was performed in each case, revealing irregular-shaped ulcers in the rectosigmoid; biopsy specimens showed non-specific changes. The diagnosis of stercoral ulcer was made by observation of fecal masses juxtaposed with the ulcerative lesion or by exclusion of other possible disorders. Treatment was mainly normalization of bowel movement, and healing was obtained after 20-70 days following recognition. If left untreated, stercoral ulcer can progress to perforation, which has a high occurrence of fatality. The presence of this disease should be borne in mind, and early recognition and treatment should be effected.View full abstractDownload PDF (4029K) -
K. Makisumi, T. Ishizawa, T. Kajisa, H. Shimazu, F. Matsushita1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 882-887
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a case of Gardner's syndrome, with Osteoma and massive abdominal tumor, which appeared 3 years after Miles' operation for colon polyposis and rectal cancer.
The patient was a 47-year-old male, who visited our clinic with a complaint of abdominal tumor. On computed tomography the tumor was seen to have arisen from the abdominal cavity. Laparotomy was performed upon a diagnosis of intraabdominal tumor. The excised tumor consisted of 4 lobules, respectively measuring about 16×15×8cm, 12×9×5cm, 11×8×7.5cm and 8×6×3cm in size and weighing about 3kg in total. Histological diagnosis was desmoid tumor.View full abstractDownload PDF (4411K) -
T. Narabayashi, Y. Hikasa, M. Yamamura, T. Kakiuchi, M. Fukada, Y. Saw ...1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 888-892
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, we summarized 286 patients who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy and analyzed the features of 22 patients with malignant polyps including 3 laparotomy cases treated between 1974 and 1985.
Polyps as well as malignant tumors occurred mainly in the sigmoid colon and adenoma was the main histological diagnosis in these polypectomy cases.
Of twenty-two patients with malignant polyps, 19 patients underwent colonoscopic polypectomy, and 3 patients were treated by laparotomy.
In 4 patients given polypectomy, cancer cells had already invaded the submucosa. Two of these were subsequently treated by radical surgey, and the other two were followed up without surgery, because cancer cells had not invaded the lymphatic vessels and submucosal invasion was very slight.View full abstractDownload PDF (274K) -
1986 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 893-904
Published: 1986
Released on J-STAGE: June 05, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1002K)
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