日本作物学会紀事
Online ISSN : 1349-0990
Print ISSN : 0011-1848
ISSN-L : 0011-1848
27 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の20件中1~20を表示しています
  • 佐本 啓智, 杉本 勝男, 字田 昌義, 鈴木 嘉一郎
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 333-336
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to know the agronomical capability of rice plants in different season cultivation, such as early, usual and late, we investigated their growing progress and changes of chemical composition of them. 1) Rice plants cultivated early were lower in plant height, but more in number of tillers, that resulted more panicles per unit area as well as higher yield than those of the usual season cultivation. And the amount of growth and the yield was the least in late season cultivation (Fig. 1). 2) The increase of top-dry-weight in early cultivation was very small at the beginning but became larger at the end of growth period rather than that in usual cultivation. Dry weight of culm and leaves normally reached maximum around the time of heading and gradually decreased after-wards. Such decrease of dry weight was more conspicuous in the early cultivated rice-plants than in the other cases (Fig. 2). 3) Starch and total sugars percentage were determined in unit dry weight of sheath and internode. The figures were higher in early season rice plants than those in the other cultivation, especially during the earlier part of growth (Fig. 3). Therefore, in the early cultivation we must pay attention to lessen unavailable tillers and to make ears larger. Adversely in the late cultivation it is necessary to promote growth, and accelerate heading and ripening to get higher fertility.
  • 佐本 啓智, 須賀 博, 山川 勇, 鈴木 嘉一郎
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 337-340
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    We investigated the changes of water-and soil temperature, redoxy potentials in paddy fields, as well as the changes of roots of rice plants, in relevance among them, in order to know the agronomical capability of different season cultivation of rice plants. It was found that in the early season cultivation water- and soil temperature were lower during the early course of growth, of course being influenced by natural temp. and also did not go up to higher degree even in hot days as compared with later season cultivation, being influenced by thick growth of Plants (Fig. 1, 2). In the shift of such soil temperature, Eh value of paddy field naturally was kept rather higher in early cultivation, and also its descending was slower (Fig. 3, 4). Accordingly the time of the occurence of rotted roots was so delayed that the total amount of such roots did not surpass, even at the time of harvest, half the amount of the rotted roots in usual-and late season culivation (Fig. 5). Healthy roots were many and better in morphological characters in early season cultivation than in other season cultivations as shown in Fig. 5. It may be duly supposed that the reason why early season cultivation can escape from so-called "autumn decline" lies on the fact of occuring of less rotted root.
  • 川田 信一郎, 石原 邦
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 341-348
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    The morphological studies on the development of the root hairs in rice plants which were grown in various conditions with reference to soils, were carried on in this experiment. It was found that the root hairs of the seedlings in the moist chamber were produced at about 1000μ from the root tip and at about 4.1∼13.0 mm in the paddy fields. Generally the root hairs were formed in the short cells of the epidermis of the root with polarity. When the soil of the paddy field was in the way of oxidation, the root hairs were found at farther distance from the root tip than in the reductive soil and furthermore they were numerous in number and longer in length. On the contrary, the formation of them was poor when the soil was reductive.
  • 海野 佐一, 飯塚 俊介, 野中 富士夫, 湯山 博方
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 349-353
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    1) From 1955 to 1957, a large number of lowland rice varieties (early and medium ripening varieties prevailing in Tohoku, Hokuriku and Kanto region of Japan) were cultivated on upland fields under irrigation. The result showed that the early varieties of lowland rice having the same heading date as that of "Rikuto Norin No. 12 or No. 24" of upland rice were the most productive. Then we found out that there is the group of lowand rice varieties which is highly adaptable to the cultivation on upland fields under irrigation, and selected "Obanazawa No. 6" of lowland rice as a hopeful variety. 2) On irrigated upland fields, we cultured lowland rice (var, Obanazawa No. 6) and upland rice (var. Norin No. 12) under conditions of different seed rate and amount of fertilizers in 1957, and investigated the differences in the growth and physiological characteristics between them. By this investigation, it was found that lowland rice is superior in the number of spikelets per panicle, percent of ripened grains and percent of ear weight/straw than the upland rice, and the former is characterized by containing large amount of starch under higher level of nitrogen after heading. Moreover, we have proved that the method of drill planting and heavy application of fertilizers were very effective in increasing yield of lowland rice grown on irrigated upland field.
  • 長谷川 新一, 中山 兼徳
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 354-356
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    The study was begun in an effort to make clear the difference of growth and yield, especially dry matter and carbohydrate production, of paddy and upland rice crop grown under paddy-and upland-field conditions. A supplementary study of the effect of fertilizer and soil moisture contents was introduced into the experiment on the upland field plots. Experiments were carried out with paddy rice variety Fujisaka No. 5 and upland rice varieties Norin No. 12 and No. 21. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Among the factors which constitute rice yields, such factors which are determined by the time of heading as the number of ears, number of grains per ear were larger under the upland field condition than under the paddy field condition. And such factors which are influenced after heading as percentage of ripened grain, 1, 000-kernel weight were larger under the latter condition than under the former condition. 2. The ratio of the amount of carbohydrates stored by the time of heading to those of carbo-hydrates in the grain yields was higher under the upland field condition than under the paddy field condition. On the other hand, the ratio of the amount of carbohydrates produced after heading to those of carbohydrates in the grain yield was higher under the paddy field condition than under the upland field condition. 3. Therefore, the yield of upland rice grown under upland field condition was as high as that grown under paddy field condition because of their greater vegetative growth and larger amounts of carbohydrates stored by the time of heading, in spite of the low photosynthetic ability after heading. 4. Paddy ribe variety Fujisaka No. 5 showed higher photosynthetic ability than either of two upland rice varieties under both conditions after heading, thus resulted in approximately 11 per cent increase in its yield as compared with the yield of upland rice under the paddy field condition. But under the upland field condition the hulled rice yield of paddy rice was about 1, 000 kg. per hectare lower, representing an decrease of 22 per cent on the basis of the yield under paddy field condition, because of their poor growth by the time of heading. 5. At the high level of nitrogen supply, the photosynthetic ability of the both of paddy- and upland-rice after heading, was reduced, especially the reduction of the latter was remarkable. 6. In the unirrigated plot, the amount of the both carbohydrates stored by the time of heading and accumulated after heading in the grain were less. By the irrigation both of these increased, and the amount of non-reducing sugar was reduced remarkably. 7. The amount of growth of paddy rice variety Fujisaka No. 5 was smaller than that of the upland rice varieties under both condition, paddy-and upland-field. Especially under the latter condition, the ratio of the amount of carbohydrates accumulated by the time of heading and translocated to the grain to the total amount of carbohydrates in the grain was low even under irrigated condition. The content of non-reducing sugar was also low, showing that paddy rice suffered from the drought even under the soil moisture condition sufficient for upland rice growth.
  • 松島 省三, 角田 公正
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 357-358
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Responses of the growth, grain-yield and yield-constitutional factors to the irrigation-water temperatures and their daily ranges were examined by subjecting the rice plants to different combinations of controlled day and night water-temperatures for 15 days (1957) or 30 days (1958) in different growth stages, as seen in Table 1. 1. Effects of the daily ranges of water temperatures on the number of panicles were clearly seen when treated at tillering stages, and the number of panicles the more increased in the higher day water-temperatures and in the lower night water-temperatures. 2. Low water-temperatures always affect the plants to increase the number of tillers and to reduce the plant height, and high day water-temperatures combined with a night temperature of 25°C were most effective in increasing the plant height. 3. There were found negative correlations between the number of panicles and that of spikelets per panicle, and between the percentage of ripened grains and the total number of spikelets per hill, then the clear effects of water-temperature on the number of spikelets per panicle and the percentage of ripened grains could hardly be seen. 4. The weight of 1, 000 grains was much increased by high day and night water-temperatures in the period from the beginning stage of spikelet differentiation to the heading stage. 5. The grain yield was much favored by high water-temperatures such as 35°C and 30°C in daytime and at night throughout the entire period. And it was very noticeable that a low night water-temperature as low as 15°C does not reduce the yield as well as the percentage of ripened grains markedly even in the critical period, if only day water-temperatures are kept pretty high. 6. Low water-temperatures than 27.5°C in an average of day and night temperatures caused the rice plants to delay their heading dates as the water-temperatures fell off.
  • : L. 穂相による稲作診断(1)
    松島 省三, 真中 多喜夫
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 359-360
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the present paper it was made clear that the occurrences of the panicles with twin or triplet rachis-branches born on their neck-node are due to the cohesion of 1st and 2 nd or 1st, 2 nd and 3 rd bract, and they occur most frequently under sunny and well-fertilized conditions at the differentiation stage of 1st bract primordium, and the length of inter-node of primary rachis-branches (especially the length of lower 5 inter-nodes) becomes short under favorable (sunny and well-fert-ilized) conditions and becomes long under unfavorable conditions at the differentiation stage of 1st bract primordium, while it becomes long under favorable conditions and becomes short under unfavorable conditions at the reduction division stage of pollen mother cell. These characteristics on adult panicles were considered to be of good use to diagnose the nutritive or environmental conditions of rice plants in the period from the differentiation stage of 1st bract primordium to the end stage of reduction division of P. M. C.
  • 川鍋 [サチ]夫, 吉原 潔, 上野 昌彦
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 361-362
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Effects of temperature upon the photosynthesis and the respiration of five grasses and three legumes were studied. 1) Amounts of net photosynthesis of orchard grass and ladino clover were kept constant in the range from 20°C to 40°C, while respiratory consumption of their tops increased as temperature rose. 2) Even under high temperature condition root respiration of alfalfa and ladino clover was not so severely depressed as that of timothy and Kentucky blue grass.
  • 清沢 茂久, 和気 迪子
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 363-366
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    短日植物の花成は特に暗期におけるauxin処理により抑制されることが知られている. 一方, 植物体内のauxin levelと日長感応との関係については必ずしも一致した結果が得られていず, 短日処理によりある場合はauxin levelが増加し, またある場合は逆に減少することが知られている. 筆者らは大豆を用い, 日長感応と体内auxin levelとの関係についてさらに詳しく知るために, 葉柄切口から寒天中にauxinを拡散せしめ, 燕麦屈曲試験法により種々の光条件下における葉中のauxin量の比較を試みた. 最も日長感応に敏感だと考えられている展開中の葉からのauxin拡散量は, 日中多く, 夜間少ない. auxin拡散量は暗黒処理により急激に低下し, 曝光により急激に上昇する. 4日間短日処理を行つた場合, 短日区対自然日長区のauxin拡散量の比は必ずしも一致した値を示さず, 1より大きい場合, 小さい場合およびほぼ1に等しい場合など種々の場合が見られた. ここに得られた結果および文献に見られる結果の不一致性は, 短日処理期間, 材料を採取した時刻, 用いた林料の部位と生理的ageおよび測定時前の条件などの違いによりある程度説明し得るものと思われる.
  • 鎌田 悦男
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 367-371
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    In a previous paper (KAMATA 1958a), the author reported that eighteen leguminous crops might be classified into two groups which belonged to the following types ; i. e. I-A type--nodules formed on both the primary and all the lateral roots, and I-B type--nodulation took place only on the lateral roots. This experiment was carried out to know the mechanism of nodule formation in I-B type using kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and sword bean (Canavalia gladiata D. C.) as materials. By the histological study, it was clearly seen that the number of the cells in primary root, which were infected with penetration of Rhzobium were similar in both cases, I-B type (kidney bean and sword bean) and I-A type (soybean and peanut), even though the nodule scarcely formed afterwards on the primary root in the former. The weak staining with HEIDENHAIN'S iron-alum hematoxylin, when examined microscopically, proved no proliferation of nodule bacterium in the first infection cells of I-B type plants. Cutting off a part of cotyledon from seed before sowing resulted to stop the development of nodule on a primery root in I-B type crops until flowering season. The nodule bacterium however, succeeded to grow, when it was cultured on RAGGIO'S complete cultural medium added with the different amount of the extract obtained by the systematic extraction method from primary, secondary and tertiary roots of I-B type plants. The fact proved that the extract contained no inhibitor, which might be a toxic or promotive substance for the growth of bacterium in primary roots of I-B type plants. In comparison of the amount of reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and crude starch in root and rootlets of I-A type plant (soybean) and I-B type plants (kidney bean and sword bean) measured by Somogi's method, a complete parallelism was found between the concentration of available sugar, which was carbon source for growth of nodule bacterium in vitro, and the degree of nodule development. The amount of available sugar in the primary root of I-B type plants was lower and the amount of unavailable carbohydrate such as starch was higher as compared with those contained in other rootlets. Therefore, the nodule bacterium in the first infection cell might be inhibited to grow by the lack of available sugar in the primary roots in I-B type plants. If the above mentioned supposition is appropriate, nodules must appear on primary root of I-B type crops, when unavailable carbohydrate in the root is changed into available sugar. The wilting treatment was thought to be one of the useful methods for changing carbohydrate to available sugar, and such results were obtained after treatments of wilting given three times during seedling stage as incease of available sugar, decrease of crude starch and the development of nodules on the primary roots in both the case of kidney bean and sword bean.
  • 児玉 敏夫, 野本 達郎, 渡辺 和之
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 372-374
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effects of soil density, fertility and moisture content on the growth and yield of sweet potato plant were observed under field condition on volcanic ash soil. The results indicated that the yields of top were increased under high density, much fertilization and high water content of soil, while the effects of these soil factors on the tuber formation was not entirely equal to that on top growth. Under good soil areation, wet or much fertilized conditions exerted favorable effects on the yield of tubers, on the other hand, under poor soil areation, the yield decreased even at the same moisture content or fertility level as the former. This pointed out that it was essential to keep the soil areation at high level, in order to increase the yield of tubers by applying water or much amount of fertilizer.
  • 児王 敏夫, 鈴木 信治, 芦沢 利彰
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 375-376
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Tillage experiments were conducted on volcanic ash soil. Treatments were as follows : I. shallow tillage, 12 cm, standard treatment. II. deep tillage, 45 cm cultivated soil mixed with subsoil. III. deep tillage, 45 cm cultivated soil. The yield of upland rice plant and soil pysical properties and nitrate formation in soil were studied. The yield of upland rice plant was the highest at treatment III and the lowest at treatment I, but the increment of straw weight was larger than that of grain weight at deep tillage plots. Some effects of deep tillage on crop yield are attributed to the fact that deep tillage gives influence on soil porosity and nitrate content. Deep tillage have been shown to increase the aeration porosity and decrease water content in deeper layer and consequently have increased the entry of air into soil, accelerated nitrate formation and allowed for greater root development.
  • 福井 重郎, 小島 睦男, 鎗水 寿
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 377-378
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study was to make clear the effect of soil heaping at the lower part of stem on bud-, flower- and pod-shedding in soy-bean plant. The results obtained were summarized as follows : (1) Percentages of the total of bud-, flower- and pod-shedding in the plots of no-, one time-, and three times-heaping were 55.2, 51.1, and 44.9 %, respectively. The peak of the time of flower-and pod-shedding in the flowers which bloomed in period from flowering time to two weeks later was delayed by soil heaping. (2) The number of pods per plant at ripening time was increased by such treatment, especially with three times soil heaping, so yield of seeds was the highest in the plant heaped three times and the lowest in control plant.
  • 白沢 義信
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 379-380
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    This experiment was conducted to study the effects of periodic phosphorus deficiency on flowering and fruiting of soybean plant (using Shirobanasai No. 1). The results obtained were as follows : 1. The effect of phosphorus deficiency ih the beginning and end of flowering time on dry weight was so severe that even if phosphorus was sufficiently supplied thereafter, it was extremely difficult to recover. 2. It was observed that there was a high correlation between the time of defoliation and the concentration of not only P2O5 but also that of total N, total sugar, and starch in petiole just prior to yellow leaf stage. 3. P2O5 deficiency was observed to decrease the number of node of branch. 4. Phosphorus deficiency after fruiting time reduced the contents of total N and P2O5 in the vegetative organ, and increased the concentration of total sugar and starch, increasing the yields. Therefore, P2O5 supply after fruiting time was ineffective te increase the yield.
  • 山崎 耕宇
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 381-384
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    A dwarf type of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) was used for these experiments. They were planted on the field in different spacing (10×10 cm, 30×30 cm) and were applied different amount of fertilizer. The structure of leaves grown under such growing conditions was investigated microscopically. So far as these experiments were concerned, the difference of fertilizing made no effect on the structure of leaves, but the difference of spacing made a conspicuous effect, although fertilizing increased leaf size markedly. The leaves grown under closer spacing reduced their thickness and had sparse arrangement of mesophyll cells and broader areoles compared with the ones grown under thinner spacing. The development of these leaves were investigated anatomically and it was revealed that such differences occurred at the time when the leaf began to expand rapidly. Before this stage and when the cell division prevailed over the leaf, no difference was to be observed between the leaves grown under different growing conditions. The structure of leaves grown under closer spacing coincides with the structure of so-called "shade leaf". Under closer spacing, the light intensity at the level of growing point was 60∼70 per cent of that of thinner spacing. Therefore, it is inferred that the main factor which produces change of leaf structure above mentioned may be light intensity. Shading treaments gave the same effect on the structure of leaves as that of closer spacing, and moreover it is found that the shading at the expanding stage was most effective in causing the change of leaf structure.
  • 荒井 正雄, 千坂 英雄
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 385-386
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this experiment carried out in 1957, using concrete pots of 90 cm square, it was shown that emergence of Alopeculus aequalis differed in number according to the degree of fineness in harrowing (i. e. the size of soil clods) and of packing of soil, and its mechanism was clarified. In the coarsely harrowed plot (clod size 1-5 cm) the number of seedlings was reduced to approximately 60 % of that of the finely harrowed plot (clod size smaller than 1 cm) (Fig. 1). In the former plot, average emergence depth (Fig. 2) was shallower and more viable buried seeds remained than in other plots. Most of these viable seeds were placed in the inner portion of the soil clods and in the lower layer of soil. Also, the number of seedlings was decreased by soil-packing to abbut 80 % of that of the non-packing plot (Fig. 1). The packing was effective to suppress the emergence from the lower layer of soil in the finely harrowed plot and from the upper layer in the coarsely harrowed plot (Fig. 3). In the inner portion of the large clods or under the packed soil, air porosity of soil was low and then it was proved that there was the high correlation between air porosity and number of seedlings or average emergence depth (Fig. 4).
  • 荒井 正雄, 千坂 英雄, 片岡 孝義
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 387-390
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Combinating each of three tillage methods, shallow tillage by power tiller, deep tillage by power tiller and deep plowing, in spring and autumn, nine plots were laid in 1957. After weeds had ripened and scattered seeds, spring tillage was practiced in the middle of June and then lowland rice was planted, and after its harvest autumn tillage was made in the middle of November. In each plot, the vertical distribution of viable buried seeds of Alopeculus aequalis was surveyed before and after tillage times and at drainage time and number of weeds emerged during the period from autumn to the next spring was counted. Before spring tillage, most of Alopeculus aequalis seeds were placed in the top layer, and this distribution of seeds was changed by the tillage as shown in Fig. 1. The changes in the distribution differed with the three tillage methods. Many viable buried seeds emerged or sprouted under soil to die during the period from drainage to autumn tillage. And number of the viable seeds was reduced by so much in upper layer of soil than in lower (Fig. 3). Accordingly, the distribution was changed as shown in Fig. 4. In the plot of spring shallow tillage, where many seeds were placed in upper layer, total number of seeds within all soil layers was less at the time of autumn tillage than in others. These patterns of the distribution were changed by autumn tillage as shown in Fig. 2. Number of seedlings of Alpeculus aequalis was proportional to number of seeds in the upper emergenable layer (0∼4 cm) (Fig. 5). Consequently, number of seedlings (Table 1) was reduced in the plots combinated deep plowing-shallow tillage, shallow tillage-shallow tillage, and deep plowing-deep tillage, and increased in deep tillage-deep plowing and deep tillage-deep tillage. Moreover, it was shown that deep plowing in spring and shallow tillage in autumn had a tendency to reduce the number of seedlings. Number of seedlings of Stellaria uliginosa was few in the plots deep plowed in either spring or autumn. This fact seems to be very reasonable, based on that few decrease in viable buried seeds took place during the time from the drainage to autumn tillage. The other kinds of weeds hardly emerged. As the result, the structure of weed community differed in each plot as shown in Fig. 6, that is in the plots of autumn deep plowing the proportion of Alopeculus aequalis was high and in the plots of autumn shallow tillage the proportion of Stellaria uliginosa was high.
  • 菅原 哲二郎, 村田 快夫, 吉川 雅夫
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 391-392
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    Experiments were carried out in 1958 on Wheat and barley grown in field and pot culture, to ascertain the amount of contributions, indebted to the activities of several photosynthetic organs as well as to the reserve material contained in them, for the ripening of grains. The amount of contribution was estimated indirectly by the decrease caused by defoliation or shading of the ears, leaves and stems, and measuring the resulted weight of grains and plant parts. The results of both experiments were summarized in table 4. The leaf-blade of wheat contributed about 37 %, the stem with sheath 31 % and the ear itself 21 %, while about 12 % was supplied from reserve materials. In case of barley the leaf blade contributed 27 %, the stem 42 % and the ear 23 %, while 9 % was from the reserve. It was also recongnized that in wheat greater proportion of the total assimilation product of leaves was attributable than in barley. The translocation of reserve material and contribution of ear assimilation showed slight differnce between wheat and barley.
  • 高橋 浩之, 東 駿次, 籠橋 悟, 市島 紀郎
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 393-396
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    The authors investigated the damage of naked barley "Hashirihadaka" caused by the unusual low temperature happened in Mar. 1958, especially morphological and histologlcal observations were performed on materials at each principal growth stage. Brief description of the result is as follows : 1) Damages of plants at the differentiation stage of flower organ. Damaged plants were a little delayed in their growth and had some ears with a slight injury. But the yield decrease was hardly recognized, because of the few abnormality in ears and the good fertility in seeds. In microscopical view, pollen mother cells were at the differentiation stage from maturing to division, so some of which were injured. Such damaged one showed irregular development of cell, degeneration and corruption in a severe case. (Fig. 1-2) 2) Damages of plants from the beginning of booting to heading stage. Damages which appeared in ears were rather slight, but those ears which had already headed showed partial sterility. As pollens in an anther were forming the extin of microspore at this stage, it was observed that the inferior development, decrease in number of microspores, vacuolate pollens and empty anthers. (Fig. 1-4) 3) Damages of plants from the heading to flowering stage. Cold injury was so severe in this stage that the ears faded and became white, (so-called "white-ear".) almost all of these ears showed sterility, either partially or perfectly. The elongation of culms, in general, was not so good that each stalks showed different height, namely showed irregular ear-line. Pollens which were in perfection or near perfection stopped their development, showing death and corruption, by the cold injury. Abnormalities were also observed in ovaries and anthers. (Fig. 1-6).
  • 佐藤 孝夫, 桐原 三好, 小田 日出夫
    1959 年 27 巻 3 号 p. 397-399
    発行日: 1959/03/01
    公開日: 2008/02/14
    ジャーナル フリー
    1. Low-yields of winter wheat in highlands depend on small numbers of ripened grdins per ear and also ripened grains per unit area. (Table 1) 2. It was found that yield and number of ears per unit area showed large variation, and the number of ripened grains per ear and weight of 1, 000 grains showed small variation. 3. Yields significantly correlated with weght of 1, 000 grains and also with number of ripened grains per unit area, but the number of ripened grains per ear correlated inversely with the number of ears per unit area (Table 2, Table 3). 4. Growth of winter wheat in highlands is shown in Fig. 1. More sunshines and less rainfall in autumn tillering times and in the period from heading to harvesting time, and higher temperature in spring tillering periods give favorable effects on grain yields. Correlation coefficients between yield constitutional factors and weather factors in Mid-March to early April are high. (Table 4)
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