低温工学
Online ISSN : 1880-0408
Print ISSN : 0389-2441
ISSN-L : 0389-2441
32 巻, 8 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • 正田 英介
    1997 年 32 巻 8 号 p. 365
    発行日: 1997/08/25
    公開日: 2010/02/26
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 大熊 武, 岩田 良浩
    1997 年 32 巻 8 号 p. 366-373
    発行日: 1997/08/25
    公開日: 2010/02/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    Fault current limiters (FCLs) are devices to suppress fault currents in electric power systems, and they play an extremely important role in the electric power industry. This paper first reviews the necessity of FCLs, and the research and development status of various types of FCLs in the world. Second, an experimental evaluation of a single-phase FCL system is provided. This FCL system was fabricated by assembling the various components required, such as superconducting coils, high-Tc superconducting current leads, refrigeration devices, etc. Current limitation was completed almost instantaneously, and fully adequate current limiting performance was achieved.
  • 山藤 馨
    1997 年 32 巻 8 号 p. 374-385
    発行日: 1997/08/25
    公開日: 2010/02/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effects of thermal fluctuation on the current vs. voltage characteristics in high-Tc superconductors are discussed based on a Monte Carlo simulation for the dynamics of fluxoids pinned by random point pins. Near the transition temperature (TGL) between the vortex glass state and the vortex liquid state, it is shown that the fluxoid pinning characteristics obey simple scaling laws characterized by the static and dynamic critical exponents (ν and z). Tangible expressions for the scaled master curves of the electric field vs. current density characteristics at T-TGL are shown. Some remarks are given regarding the difference between the observed scaled master curves over a wide temperature range and those expected to be observed inside the critical regime of T-TGL. It is pointed out that the low-frequency a.c. losses can be discussed by starting from a generalized critical state model.
  • 手嶋 英一, 俵 太一, 嶋田 隆一
    1997 年 32 巻 8 号 p. 386-394
    発行日: 1997/08/25
    公開日: 2010/02/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this paper we propose a new combination of high Tc superconducting levitation and ring-shaped flywheel energy storage systems. Superconducting levitation is appropriate for rotating a ring-shaped flywheel which has neither shaft nor hub, because it is a non-contact and automatically stable levitation without any control systems. The levitation properties such as static and dynamic lateral stiffnesses, lateral damping, and lateral vibration during rotation have been investigated using a small-scaled experimental machine consisting of 16 bulk superconductors 46mm in diameter and a ring-shaped flywheel about 300mm in diameter. The spring constant increased as the levitation gap height decreased, and the dynamic spring constant was slightly higher than the static constant. The damping coefficient increased as the gap height decreased and the vibration amplitude increased. The experimental critical speed was in good agreement with the calculated one using a one-degree of freedom model. Finally, the possibility of large-scaled practical systems is discussed from the viewpoint of superconducting levitation.
  • 手嶋 英一, 俵 太一, 嶋田 隆一
    1997 年 32 巻 8 号 p. 395-401
    発行日: 1997/08/25
    公開日: 2010/02/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper describes the experimental results for the rotational loss of a ring-shaped flywheel supported by high Tc superconducting levitation. Superconducting levitation is appropriate for rotating a ringshaped flywheel which has neither shaft nor hub because it is a noncontact and automatically stable levitation without any control systems. The rotational loss has been investigated using a smallscaled experimental machine consisting of 16 bulk superconductors 46mm in diameter and a ringshaped flywheel about 300mm in diameter. The rotational loss decreased as the levitation gap height increased. In lowspeed rotational regions, the rotational loss was in proportion to the rotation speed and depended more on the levitation gap. In highspeed rotational regions, the rotational loss was in proportion to the third power of the rotation speed and depended less on the levitation gap. The cubic rotational loss in He was reduced to onefifth of that in air. The magnetic field pinned in bulk superconductors induces a loss in the materials composing the ring-shaped flywheel. The rotational loss of a ringshaped flywheel supported by superconducting levitation can be reduced by improving the uniformity of the magnetic fields along the ring, enlargement of the bulk superconductor (s), and densely arranging the bulk superconductors.
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