低温工学
Online ISSN : 1880-0408
Print ISSN : 0389-2441
ISSN-L : 0389-2441
4 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • 米満 博夫
    1969 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 247-264
    発行日: 1969/12/25
    公開日: 2010/02/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper reviews supercritical helium gas cooling methods. The thermal transport properties of supercritical helium near 4.2°K are collected.
    Cryogenic helium pump or bellow pump for forced supercritical circulation is adequate to the laboratory-scale cooling system.
    The superconducting composite configurations with hollow conductors are used for supercritical channel forced cooling.
  • 菊池 一成
    1969 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 265-274
    発行日: 1969/12/25
    公開日: 2010/02/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    Hydrogen was first liquefied in 1898. However, more than a half-century, liquid hydrogen was liquefied in small quantities in a few cryogenic laboratories in the world. But now the industrial importance of liquid hydrogen is well recognized. In U.S.A. and Europe, it is produced and utilized in large quantities in chemical and nuclear propulsion, production of heavy water, bubble chamber in nuclear study and some other fields of science and industry. In our country, liquid hydrogen industry is still in its infancy, but quite recently 75cm liquid hydrogen bubble chamber and its refrigeration system having the capacity of 1kW at 20°K region have installed in the University of Tokyo. In this paper, the trends of liquid hydrogen industry in the world are reviewed and also comments are described in some possible utilizations of liquid hydrogen.
  • 山藤 馨, 草柳 英一郎
    1969 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 275-284
    発行日: 1969/12/25
    公開日: 2010/02/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recent developments on the study of flux flow in non-ideal type-II superconductors are reviewed mainly from the theoretical point of view. In non-ideal samples, fluxoid-pin interactions appear, together with the interactions between flux-line lattice defects and crystal lattice defects. These interactions affect the motion of flux-line lattice, and hence the mechanism of flux flow in non-ideal samples is different essentially from the flow in ideal samples.
    For engineering applications of superconducting phenomena, non-ideal type-II superconductors are widely used as materials. The materials are used under various conditions and circumstances, and a detailed information on flux-flow provides one of the important bases on the engineering design and analysis. It is, however, very hard to construct a long pipe connecting between a microscopic standpoint and an engineering design. Such a pipe has not yet been constructed in spite of energetic efforts of many workers.
  • 斉藤 慎八郎, 熊野 勝文, 神田 英蔵
    1969 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 285-291
    発行日: 1969/12/25
    公開日: 2010/02/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    A simple 3He/4He dilution refrigerator for the magnetic resonance and magnetic susceptibility measurements has been constructed. In the construction, some simplifications in the refrigerator operation have been intended so that sufficient time may be left for magnetic measurements without care of the refrigerator. The piping system in the room temperature is capable of use not only for the dilution refrigerator but also for 3He cryostat.
    The detail of the dilution refrigerator are given in the text. The lowest temperature obtained in continuous operation was 70m°K with the refrigerator having three sintered copper heat exchangers. In this case, 3He circulation rate was -4×10-6mol/sec. This rate is so small comparing with those of other refrigerators reported elsewhere. Further ameliorations are now in progress.
  • 渡辺 一男, 黒木 正章, 小倉 正雄, 斉藤 功
    1969 年 4 巻 6 号 p. 292-301
    発行日: 1969/12/25
    公開日: 2010/02/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    Methane, ethane and propane, the main components of LNG, have the property like ideal gas, but they deviate from ideal solution in multicomponent system by the effect of composition.
    Though it is essential to have correct equilibrium ratio to analyze the concentration process of LNG, we cannot find any adequate equations which estimate correctly the vapour-liquid equilibrium of the multicomponent system.
    We have obtained K values of the ternary system of methane, ethane and propane by observation, and studied the cases when a small quantity of butane is mixed in the system. Based on these data we analyzed the concentration process of LNG by calculating the equilibrium flash vaporization.
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