巻号一覧
11 巻 (1971)
- 4 号 p. 119-
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- 2 号 p. 38-
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11 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
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市古 忠利1971 年 11 巻 1 号 p. 1-10
発行日: 1971/03/05
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーThe Pleistocene Hekkai formation is distributed in the West Mikawa district, Aichi Prefecture. It is composed of sand, silt and clay, the latter two being mined as ceramic raw material.
The clay mineralogy of these sediments is goverened by their position in the terrace and by their permeability. The clay fraction of the less permeable clay and of the sand overlaid by a clay bed are mainly composed of kaolinite, illite and vermiculite. This mineralogy may represent the original one formed during the sedimentation. On the other hand, the sand and silt which are located in the upper part of the terrace have large permeability and suffer weathering after the sedimentation, resulting in halloysite-rich clay fraction. The clay fraction of surface soil is composed of Al-vermiculite, illite, kaolinite and gibbsite. Abundant gibbsite is precipitated in sand bed beneath the soil.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6429K) -
井上 圭吉, 奥田 進1971 年 11 巻 1 号 p. 11-16
発行日: 1971/03/05
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーEffect of various atmospheres on the formation of mullite and cristobalite from kaolinite saturated with some monovalent cations has been studied. The degrees of the reactions were compared with each other after heating for 1 hour at the temperatures of 1150°C for mullite and of 1300°C for cristobalite.
Mullite formation is little affected by the atmospheres ecxept for water vapor which enhanced the reaction greatly. Water vapor could be considered as an accelerator for the nucleation process.
The crystallization of cristobalite is influenced by the atmospheres Which are classified into three groups, i. e. the reaction is fastend in N2, CO2 H2O and vacuum, rather unaffected in O2 and air, and retarded in H2. It is supposed that the atmospheres control the growth rate, probably connecting closely to the concentration of oxygen defects in amorphous phase.
The effect of atmospheres on the phase transformation of kaolinite varies very much with species of adsorbed monovalentcations, depending drastically upon the ionic size particularly in case of cristobalite.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3187K) -
浦部 和順, 小坂 丈予, 山田 久夫1971 年 11 巻 1 号 p. 17-24
発行日: 1971/03/05
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーMacroscopic vermiculite derived from biotite by weathering is commonly found in granitic regions of Japan. Such vermiculite was collected from the weathered granitic rook in Senmaya, Iwate prefecture.
The X-ray pattern obtained from orientated aggregates of this sample showed weak reflections around 25Å, 12Å, 7Å and a strong reflection around 14. 7Å. The reflections around 25Å and 12Å are interpreted as indicating the interstratification of mica and vermiculite. The 7Å reflection is basal reflection of kaolinite and the 14.7 Å reflection is that of Al-vermiculite. The pattern shows that the sample is largely composed of vermiculite, while the other minerals are very small in amount. The chemical composition of the sample is rich in Fe2O3 but poor in Mg0 in comporison with the so-called Mg-vermiculite so for known. With the aid of a high temperature X-ray diffraction apparatus, it was confirmed that the basal reflection is continuously, not stepwise, contaacted from 14.7Å to 10.2Å to 11.2Å, as temperature rises from the roomtemperature up to 500°C. The X-ray powder patterns of the samples heated at various temperatures suggest that the exothermic peak at about 900°C corresponds with the decomposition of vermiculite structure followed by the formation of a small amount of hematite. The larger part of the decomposed vermiculite remains unchanged although it is X-ray amorphous at this stage. Cristobalite, hematite, indialite, spine! type oxide, mullite etc. are also formed at the temperatures higher than 1000°C and they are entirely melted away at 1350°C. In order to study the structural relations between the vermiculite and the afore-mentioned crystals formed above 1000°C, the following experiment was cerried ont; the glass made after melting the vermiculite was reheated and the crystals thus formed were compared with those formed by the heating of the vermiculite as mentioned above. Judging from the results, it seems that there is almost no structural relation between the vermiculite and the crystals which formed above 1, 000°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (975K) -
宇野 泰章, 武司 秀夫1971 年 11 巻 1 号 p. 25-30
発行日: 1971/03/05
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーThe Osaka Group of Pleistocene Age is composed of sandy, gravelly and argillaceous sediments, which are of marine or fresh water origin. Clay mineral compositions of the sediments were determined by the x-ray diffraction method and differential thermal analysis. Cation exchange capacity and the amount of exchanged cation of the sediments were also determined by the Schollenbergers' method. The determination of pH-values of clay suspension was made with a glass electrode. Montmorillonite and halloysite occur in every bed of the sediments, though illite is not found in some beds of fresh water sediments. In general, quantities of montmorillonite and halloysite decrease in marine sediments, compared with fresh water sediments in the upper beds of the Group. Parts of exchange cations are leached from montmorillonites in marine sediments, and therefore pH-values of their clay suspensions become low. It appears that the environment of sedimentation was changed from bay to open-sea environment, as the sedimentation of marine beds proceeded. It seems likely that the clay minerals, especially in marine sediments, were altered by surface weathering with sulfuric acid, which had been produced by oxidation of the sulfide minerals in the sediments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (727K) -
吉田 稔, 中尾 雄児, 宮良 永好1971 年 11 巻 1 号 p. 31-35
発行日: 1971/03/05
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーIn recent years zeolite has been used as an amending material for arable soils because of its large cation exchange capacity. Thus, the cation adsorptive characteristics and the method of CEC determination were investigated. The sample used was a pulverized zeolite rock of tuffaceous origin occured in Itaya, Yamagata Prefecture, and was composed mainly of clinoptilolite.
The zeolite was saturated with NH4+ by treating with ammonium acetate, and the adsorbed NH4+ was extracted by centrifugal technique with KCl, NaCl, CaCl2, A1C13 or acetic acid solutions. Although KCl solution extracted all of the adsorbed NH4+ with four extraction treatments, the other solution, especially CaCl2, AlCl3 and acetic acid, were inferior in the extrction of NH4+to KCl. For example, even afted thirteen extraction treatments with CaCl2, 17% of the adsorbed NH4+ was still remained in the exchange site.
It was noticed from the results that either NH4+ or K+ should be used to saturating and extracting cations in the CEC determination of zeolite.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (562K) -
1971 年 11 巻 1 号 p. 36
発行日: 1971年
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (18K)
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