巻号一覧
19 巻 (1979)
- 4 号 p. 103-
- 3 号 p. 73-
- 2 号 p. 41-
- 1 号 p. 1-
19 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1～4を表示しています
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吉田 募1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 1-9
発行日: 1979/03/25
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーDemixing of mono-and di-valent cations in heterogeneous interlayer space of smectites was discussed on the basis of approximate statistical thermodynamics. Interaction energies between the interlayer cations were considered to third neighbor interaction based on “quasi chemical method”. Chemical potentials of mono-and di-valent cations indicate demixing of they, for which interactions between the interlayer cations play the most important role. In the case of smectites with higher charge density than about 0.6/half unit, the interlayer space having the di-valent cations as the main component must expand to increase the potential energies between the cations and silicate layers for the stability of demixed phases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (909K) -
喜田 大三, 川地 武1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 10-21
発行日: 1979/03/25
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーRecently, diaphragm wall has been used for underground retaining wall or cut-off wall of building, subway, underground tank, dam and so on. Diaphragm wall is constructed along the following process. The first process is excavation using slurry, the next is insertion of reiforcing cage, and the last is concleting. In this system, bentonite base slurry has been used for underground excavation, being expected to stabilize trench and improve the workability. But most recently, polymer base slurry has been used instead of bentonite base slurry. This report relates the principle of polymer base slurry and clarifies that polymer-clay complex is formed in this slurry and protecting action of this complex characterizes this slurry. In field survey on construction site, stabilising action of trench, high rate of reuse of slurry, high sedimentation velocity of slime particles in polymer base slurry has been confirmed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (8724K) -
林 剛, 望月 三代, 内野 則之1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 22-32
発行日: 1979/03/25
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーThe activity of the aluminum hydroxide-montmorillonite complex as an adsorbent, Al2.09 (OH) 5.68Cl0.44+0.23·nH2O/unit formula weight of montmorillonite, to organic substances has been investigated by dye adsorption from aqueous solution. The relations between the soluble components of the complex and the mechanisms of anionic and of basic dye adsorptions have been discussed.
When the complex is suspended in water, aluminum and chlorine ions dissolve in the ratio of 1: 3 (AlCl3). The aluminum ion in solution changes by hydrolytic polymerization into polynuclear hydroxy-aluminum ion, resulting in the formation of H+ ions. Most of dye anions are probably adsorbed by electrostatic attraction onto Al-OH+2 sites of the complex formed by protonation. The rest of the dye anions is bonded with the polymeric hydroxy-aluminum ion. Another important function of H+ ions is that the H+ ions give a favorable circumstance for adsorption of anionic dye since the solubility of dye anion is lowered. The adsorption of anionic dye is of Langmuir type and its amount of saturated adsorption is measured to be about 3×10-4eq/g of charge which is nearly equivalent to the dissolved aluminum ion from the complex.
The adsorption of basic dye is a competitive cation-exchange reaction with the aluminum ion or H+ ion at the negatively charged surface of the complex. Therefore the adsorbed amount of basic dye increases in case that some parts of these cations drain out from the adsorption system as a column bed type apparatus is employed. A part of dye cations penetrates into the interlayer of the complex to be strongly adsorbed and the rest exchanges the H+ ions to be weakly adsorbed on the surface. The adsorption of basic dye is slow and of Freundlich type. The adsorbed amount of basic dye in isothermal adsorption is more temperature-dependent than that of anionic dye adsorption. This is mainly attributed to the strongly aggregated structure of the adsorbent particles which may be peptized at elevated temperatures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1313K) -
山本 大生, 田中 彰1979 年 19 巻 1 号 p. 32-35
発行日: 1979/03/25
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーTen homoionic montmorillonites saturated with H+, Mg2+, Sr2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Fe+, Co2+ Mn2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ were equilibrated with diamino-diphenyl-ether to form complexes. As the result, Hg2+ saturated one only gave rise to 20.5Å c-spacing with strong X-ray reflection, whereas the other ones yielded complexes showing weak and broad X-ray reflection at 15. 2-15. 5Å.
Authors conjectured an upright orientation of the amine molecule in an interlayer space of 20. 5Å complex. In this, long-axis dimension of the molecule is well compatible with the space.
These complexes have been prepared by heating amine and clay in a closed tube in which the mixture of them (1: 1) had been placed under reduced pressure, individually regarding the montmorillonites. Heating has been done at 200°C for 1hr.
When the homoionic montmorillonites was equilibrated with dioxane solution of the amine, all complexes showed the reflection at 14.0-15.5Å.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (444K)
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