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Volume 35 (1995 - 199･･･
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Volume 35, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Shun-ichi OHTA, Hiromoto NAKAZAWA1996 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 165-169
Published: April 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPorous clay-organic composites made by “the Earth's surface materials” was a potential substitute for polystyrene foam. But, in previous studies the large scale production of porous clay-organic composites have found difficulty because liquid nitrogen was used in the lyophillization process. In this study a panel-type freezer that may be better for rapid freezing process of the source sol is developed. The properties of the porous clay-organic composites using the new freezer is comparable to or rather better than those prepared by liquid nitrogen.View full abstractDownload PDF (2305K) -
Chihiro OOKA, Toshihiko OSAKI, Masakazu HORIO, Kenzi SUZUKI1996 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 170-175
Published: April 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlumina-pillared montmorillonites with different amount of pillar were prepared. The interlayer distance of these specimens was independent on the amount of pillar, i.e., ca. 9Å. The distance between pillars was estimated to be 9 to 17Å. The pillared montmorillonite was dispersed in Methylene Blue (MB) solution and incubated at room temperature for 3days. The amount of MB adsorbed on pillared montmorillonite increased with increasing distances from pillars.
From the results of interlayer distance, the distance between pillars and molecular size of MB, it is concluded that the amount of MB adsorbed is affected by the distance between pillars.View full abstractDownload PDF (652K) -
Chemical Composition of Synthetic lnterstratified Mica/Vermiculite by Analytical Electron MicroscopyYoshihiro KUWAHARA, Seiichiro UEHARA1996 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 176-187
Published: April 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo interstratified mica/vermiculite (products A and B) derived from phlogopite were studied using both the analytical electron microscope (AEM) with ultra thin window (UTW) type EDS and X-ray diffractometer. Product A which was synthesized in 20 ml HCl solution at 120°C is R1-type interstratified mica/vermiculite containing 65-75 % mica while product B was formed in 100 ml HCl solution at 50°C is a regular 1: 1 interstratified mica/vermiculite based on evaluation of X-ray diffraction results.
In product A, the positive charge of the tetrahedral ions is lower than that of phlogopite (i.e. high Al/Si ratio) and the positive charge of the octahedral ions becomes higher as the Al content increase in the octahedral sites. In general, the chemical heterogeneity among particles in product A was not remarkable.
In product B, each positive charge of the interlayer, octahedral and tetrahedral sites are widely distributed among particles. Some particles in product B have lower positive charge of the octahedral sheet and higher positive charge of the interlayer as compared to product A and the others in product B. This result agrees with the condition of formation of Mg-rich interstratified mica/vermiculite and vermiculite which are generally formed at low temperature such as in the weathering zone and tend to have low positive charge of the octahedral sheet and high positive charge of the interlayer due to the action of supergene solution. The distribution of positive charge for other particles in product B is similar to that of product A. However, the increase of octahedral positive charge in product B is due to not the increase of Al content in the octahedral sites which was found in product A but the increase of Ti content in the octahedral sites.View full abstractDownload PDF (1411K) -
Yoshie KITAYAMA, Masahiro MURAOKA, Tatsuya KODAMA, Naohiro OMI, Manabu ...1996 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 188-191
Published: April 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA clay mineral sepiolite is a fibrous magnesia silicate with intramolecular tunnels along the fiber axis and the Mg2+ along the tunnel wall which can be substituted with transition metalions. The substitution reactions of the Mg2+ in a sepiolite with Cu were carried out in various concentrations of CuSO4 aqueous solution at 25°C using a natural sepiolite sample from China.The reaction rate increased with an increase of the concentration of CuSO4 solution. The Mg2+ along the tunnel wall of sepiolite was substituted by Cu2+ about 40% for a period of 30 days. Reaction kinetics was studied and the rate of substitution (v) was represented by the equation of v=k [sep] 0 [Cu2+]/[Cu2+] +K; where K, [sep] 0, [Cu2+] and K were the rate constant, the initial concentration of sepiolite, the concentration of Cu2+ and a constant respectively. The well oriented fibers of the sepiolite substituted with Cu2+ showed an angular dependency to the applied field in the electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR) spectra. The ESR spectra for the well oriented sample which was set perpendicular or parallel to the applied magnetic field, showed different line shapes. The gx, gy and gz calculated from the spectra were 2.37, 2.11 and 2.05 respectively. The hyperfine anisotropy was also observed in the ESR spectra and the hyperfine coupling constants, Ax, Ay and Az, were found to be 8.5, 3.0, and 6.0 mT respectively. These results suggest that the coordination of Cu2+ is a distorted octahedral coordination and the Mg2+ ions along the tunnel wall are substituted by Cu2+ ions.View full abstractDownload PDF (360K) -
Common Properties, OriginToshio SUDO, Koya SHIMOSAKA1996 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 192-207
Published: April 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
1996 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 207
Published: 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 20, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (71K)
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