粘土科学

鉱山廃水の消石灰処理後の鉱物化作用と重金属の取り込み

佐藤大介, 田崎和江

2001 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 218-228
発行日: 2001/05/21
公開日: 2011/09/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11362/jcssjnendokagaku1961.40.218

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Heavy metals in sediments after treatment of mine wastewater from Ogoya Mine, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, was mineralogically investigated. Acidic wastewater (pH 3.5) which flows out from pithead, contains high concentration of heavy metals. In this mine, neutralizing coagulation treatment is going on using slaked lime (calcium hydroxides: Ca (OH) ₂). Core samples were collected at disposal pond to which treated wastewater flows. Mineral assemblages and chemical compositions of core samples were analyzed. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses indicate that upper parts of cores are rich in calcite, whereas deeper parts of cores are rich in gypsum and ettringite. Smectite with heavy metals are found in 87-90cm of core samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)-Energy Dispersive X-ray analyses (EDX) and Electron Probe Micro Analyzer (EPMA) show that heavy metals, such as, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn are concentrated in calcite, gypsum, ettringite, and clay minerals. The results indicate that heavy metals in wastewater are mineralogically fixed in solid phases of calcite, gypsum, ettringite and smectite.

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微生物が促進する砂粒の膠結

薩摩硫黄島にみられるバイオテラス

四ヶ浦弘, 田崎和江

2001 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 229-241
発行日: 2001/05/21
公開日: 2011/09/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11362/jcssjnendokagaku1961.40.229

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Satsuma Iwo-Jima Island (SIJ) is a small volcanic island located on the north-westernmost margin of the Kikai caldera. The acidic mineral-rich hot springs cause various tonal changes of seawater in and around of this island. The red sea water depended on high density of Fe²⁺ (191ppm) can be seen at Nagahama Port on a large scale. At this port, microbes which metabolize Fe²⁺, make microbial mats and typical terrace-like sediment (bio-terrace). Extra cellular substance secreted by microbes adhere sand grains, and after that this bio-terrace is formed by cementation. The build-up of bio-terrace is very fast and piled up over 1 meter in just 3 months. SIJ is a good example where we can research the developing process of ancient stromatolite.

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風化浮石からのアロフェンの分離精製法

和田信一郎

2001 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 242-248
発行日: 2001/05/21
公開日: 2011/09/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11362/jcssjnendokagaku1961.40.242

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2001年3月24日に発生した芸予地震災害速報

広島県における地震災害

北川隆司, 地下まゆみ, 宮原正明

2001 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 249-255
発行日: 2001/05/21
公開日: 2011/09/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11362/jcssjnendokagaku1961.40.249

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The big earthquake with Ms 6.4 stuck Chugoku province on March 24, 2001. Hiroshima and Ehime Prefectures near the epicenter were most badly hit by the earthquake, and 2 persons were killed and more than 180 persons were injured. More than 40 houses were collapsed and more than 30, 000 houses were damaged.
We investigated the disaster area just after the earthquake was occurred. This report outlines the result of the investigation, and especially described geological damage, such as slope failure, landslide, rock falls and so on.

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粘土で造る新素材

小川誠

2001 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 256-263
発行日: 2001/05/21
公開日: 2011/09/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11362/jcssjnendokagaku1961.40.256

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