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Article type: Cover
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Index
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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Sumio AISAWA
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
75-81
Published: March 30, 2011
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Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is widely known as anionic clay, host-guest material and anion-exchanger. LDH is a class of nanomaterials that have attracted considerable attention for their potential utility as material for drug and biomolecule delivery. In this study, the intercalation behavior of anticancer drug (5-fluorouracil: 5-FU), the synthesis of 5-FU/Mg-Al LDH and peptide modified 5-FU/LDH (peptide/5-FU/LDH) have been investigated. Moreover, the cytotoxicity assay of the both LDHs for mammalian cells has also been studied. The 5-FU/LDH was characterized by various techniques such as XRD and FT-IR that demonstrated the intercalation of 5-FU into the LDH by using coprecipitation and ion exchange methods. Then, the surface of the 5-FU/LDH was modified with collagen and soy bean peptides. After the modification, the peptide/5-FU/LDH maintained its original LDH structure. The results of cytotoxicity assay for mammalian cells showed that the 5-FU/LDH and the peptide/5-FU/LDH have 1.9 and 7.7 times better drug efficacy than naked 5-FU. The peptide/5-FU/LDH exhibited a quick cytotoxic effect compared with the 5-FU/LDH. The present results suggest that LDH and the peptide modified LDH have the great potential of the materials for drug delivery.
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Nobuo IYI
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
82-87
Published: March 30, 2011
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By carrying out decarbonation of CO_3^<2->type MgAl-LDH (layered double hydroxide) using an acetate-buffer/inorganic salt solution under N_2 flow, CO_3^<2->LDH was successfully converted into Cl^-, ClO_4^- and NO_3^-LDHs, which contain only a little residual CO_3^<2->, in one step under mild conditions. Due to the anion-exchangeability of these derived LDHs, they serve as suitable intermediates for the preparation of LDH hybrids. When organic salts such as sodium p-toluenesulfonate were used instead of inorganic salts, incorporation of organic anions was found to occur. However, the amount of incorporation depend on the layer charge of LDH host materials. Other decarbonation methods of LDHs such as acid-salt method are reviewed and the remaining problems are discussed.
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Ryo SASAI, Michio MORITA
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
88-92
Published: March 30, 2011
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Layered double hydroxide (LDH: M^<II>_<1-x>M^<III>_x(OH)_2(A^<n->)_<x/n>・mH_2O (M^<II> & M^<III>: divalent and trivalent metals) is anion exchangeable clay, and is widely used as inorganic host for solidifying and/or fixing a physiologically active and functional anions. Authors have been studying on the preparation and characterization of the LDH/luminous dye anions. Recently, it was found that luminous properties of dye anions incorporated in 2-dimensional interlayer space of LDH by anion exchange reaction changed depending on surrounding environment. In this paper, authors introduce the way to prepare the LDH/luminous dye anions with highly luminous property and environmental luminous response of the present sample for surrounding environment.
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Hirokazu NAKAYAMA
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
93-98
Published: March 30, 2011
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Curious intercalation phenomena of magnesium-aluminium hydrotalcite was observed for 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), drug for osteoporosis, and mercaptocarboxylic acids. In the case of HEDP, unexpected large amount of HEDP was intercalated in the chloride type of hydrotalcite. The intercalation of mercaptocarboxylic acids was accompanied with the oxidation of mercapto group. The intercalation compounds absorbed mercury and silver ions effectively.
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Kazuya MORIMOTO, Kenji TAMURA, Hirohisa YAMADA
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
99-107
Published: March 30, 2011
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Fe-bearing layered double hydroxides (Fe-LDH) have not been much used commercially compared with hydrotalcite-like compounds. However, elemental Fe has the least effect on the environment, and Fe ore is in abundant supply as a major resource. Also, Fe-bearing compounds tend to be more stable, and they potentially show a catalytic activity and a redox reaction. Therefore, it is expected that Fe-LDH are very beneficial for an environment-friendly society. This paper reviews the syntheses, properties and applications of Fe-LDH (Fe^<II>-Fe^<III> LDH, Mg-Fe^<III> LDH, Zn-Fe^<III> LDH and Fe^<II>-Al LDH) in order to promote the utilization of them as green materials. After an introduction describing the main features of these compounds, emphasis is put on the synthesis methods, characterization and applications.
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Mutsuhiro OHNO, Shuhei SUGIYAMA, Suehiko YOKOTA, Atushi YAMAZAKI
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
108-112
Published: March 30, 2011
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A product NLDH is a kind of layered double hydroxide (Layered Double Hydroxides: LDHs) adjusting the crystallite to nano-size. The NLDH improves the adsorbability of anion such as boron and fluorine rapidly. As feature of this substance, the NDLH has high adsorption ability for various anions such as boron and fluorine in comparison with commercial LDH, and is useable in the wide coverage of pH 3-12. Moreover, the NDLH indicates safety to a human health and no corrosiveness. Its handling is easy from the fact that it can be prepared as the powder, the granule or slurry forms.
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Akira OOKUBO
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
113-119
Published: March 30, 2011
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A Cl^- intercalated hydrotalcite-like compound (Cl/LDH) was prepared by neutralizing magnesium and aluminum chlorides with sodium hydroxide. A Cl^- ions in the interlayer of Cl/LDH can be exchanged with phosphate equivalently. The isotherm for phosphate uptake followed the Langmuir equation at pH 7.53 and 310K: it gave an ion-exchange capacity of 2.37mmol of P/g for phosphate. The process of phosphate/Cl^- ion exchange could be divided into three stages depending on the amount (P_<load>) of phosphate loading. In stage I (0%<P_<load><6%), the Cl^--intercalated phase (interlayer distance =0.30nm) alone was observed. In stage II (6%<P_<load><80%), the phase transition from the Cl^--intercalated phase to the phosphate-exchanged phase (interlayer distance =0.36nm) took place. In stage III (80%<P_<load><100%), the phosphate-exchanged phase alone was observed; the interlayer distance increased slightly (from 0.36 to 0.37nm) with an increase in the phosphate loading, indicating a formation of solid solution. The phosphate/Cl^- ion-exchange reaction with Cl/LDH was not affected by the presence of trypsin. On the other hand, the trypsin adsorption was significantly depressed by the loading of phosphate. In the removal of phosphate from brackish river water using Cl/LDH, Kawamoto et al. indicated that phosphorous concentrations in the river water went up from 0.1mg P dm^<-3> to 0.02mg P dm^<-3> under the condition of a column method with a space velocity of 5.0hr^<-1>. The value of 0.02mg P dm^<-3> was considered to be enough for the repression of algae growth. As a zero-emission type phosphorous removal system, Oshima et al. suggested that two-step regeneration system, which uses a NaOH-NaCl mixed aqueous solution as the desorbing solution and a MgCl_2 aqueous solution as the regenerating solution. Moreover, phosphate ions can be recovered as magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) from the desorbing solution in the system.
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Yousuke YAMAKAWA, Teruo HENMI, Naoto MATSUE, Zaenal ABIDIN, Shohei SEI ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
120-127
Published: March 30, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2017
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Physicochemical function of Na-P1 zeolite formed in an artificial zeolite material synthesized from coal fly ash was further modified by sub-critical water treatment. In the sub-critical water treatment, 15g of the Na-saturated artificial zeolite was mixed with 60mL of water or dilute alkali (LiOH, NaOH or KOH) solution, and heated at 200 to 300℃ for 3h. The treatment with water at 300℃ caused the conversion of Na-P1 to analcime, while the treatment with the dilute alkali solutions lowered the above conversion temperature. The degree of decrease in the conversion temperature increased in the order, KOH<LiOH<NaOH. Treatment with KOH at 200℃ did not cause the conversion of Na-P1 into analcime, but caused increase in its CEC value measured at pH=10 with index cation of 0.1 M K^+. After the treatment, FT-IR spectra of the sample showed the increase of the OH groups IR band near 3600cm^<-1>. These suggest the breaking of Si-O-Si (Al) bonds followed by the formation of Si-OH (Al-OH) groups at the surface of Na-P1 crystal.
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Kensaku YANAI, Tomoyuki KUWABARA, Hisamitsu OSHIMA, Toshio SATO
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
128-134
Published: March 30, 2011
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The mixed hydrous oxide is synthesized in a Si/Al/Mg mole ratio of 0.1/0.1/0.8, and its adsorption ability for fluoride ion is examined. The fluoride ion adsorption rate of the Si-Al-Mg mixed hydrous oxide is rapid and its adsorption amount reaches equilibrium after 8 hours at the fluoride test solution used. Logarithm plotting of the adsorption isotherm for fluoride ion almost corresponds to the Freundlich formula. The Si-Al-Mg mixed hydrous oxide has high affinity to fluoride ion, because the value of 1/n in the Freundlich formula shows 0.379. The changing the kind of acid used for the synthesis from nitric acid to hydrochloric acid will improve the selectivity of the Si-Al-Mg mixed hydrous oxide for fluoride ion. Although the adsorption rate for fluoride ion is decrease in the actual hot spring water, the Si-Al-Mg mixed hydrous oxide adsorbs fluoride ion under the waste water quality standards. Therefore, it can be expected that the Si-Al-Mg mixed hydrous oxide is used as a low-cost fluorine adsorbent.
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Takaaki YABE, Keisuke FUKUSHI, Hiroshi ITO, Munehiro KUBOTA, Yusuke MA ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
135-140
Published: March 30, 2011
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Magnesium oxide with high specific surface area (HS-MgO) has been widely used for the sorbent material for hazardous anions from contaminated solutions. Because the magnesium oxide is unstable under ambient conditions, alteration behavior of HS-MgO was investigated by batch alteration experiments as a function of time in electrolyte solutions under ambient and nitrogen atmospheres. The mineralogy of reacted solid was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and measurements of specific surface area. The solution chemistry of reacted solutions was examined by pH meter and high pressure liquid chromatography for measurement of dissolved Mg concentration. Periclase in HS-MgO almost completely transforms to brucite within 8 hours. The specific surface area decreases from 110m^2/g of unaltered HS-MgO to 60m^2/g by the alteration. The alteration process is characterized by dissolution of periclase and precipitation of brucite from solution. The rate limiting step of the transformation process is the dissolution of periclase. This study indicates that the alteration process must influence on the uptake of hazardous anion by HS-MgO.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
141-143
Published: March 30, 2011
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
144-145
Published: March 30, 2011
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
146-147
Published: March 30, 2011
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
150-151
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
152-153
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
154-
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Article type: Index
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
155-
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Cover
2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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2011 Volume 49 Issue 3 Pages
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