巻号一覧
28 巻 (1988)
- 4 号 p. 175-
- 3 号 p. 119-
- 2 号 p. 1-
- 1 号 p. 1-
28 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1～4を表示しています
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高嵜 裕圭, 大石 浩則, 渋谷 剛美, 長谷川 和寿, 中西 達司1988 年 28 巻 1 号 p. 1-8
発行日: 1988/04/10
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーHydrothermal synthesis of zeolite has been attempted using “Miso”(altered pumice debris) from “Ohya-ishi”, a Miocene dacitic-rhyolitic tuff distributed in Tochigi Prefecture, as the starting material. The sample of “Miso” used contained a smectite mineral, clinoptilolite, and quartz as the principal minerals. The synthesis was carried out for 1 to 3 days in an autoclave kept at 175° and about 9.1 atm. Two sets of starting composition, (0-15) Na2O-Al2O3-(10-38) Si02-750H2O (inorganic system) and 1.5 (0B) 20-3.5Na2O-Al203-33 SiO2-750H2O (organic system), were prepared by mixing the “Miso” with appropriate amounts of sodium hydroxide and/or organic bases (OB) and amorphous, precipitated silica.
The kind of zeolites formed from the inorganic system was dependent on the Na2O/Al2O3 or SiO2/ Al2O3 ratio of the starting composition: at the SiO2/Al2O3ratio=23, mordenite was the main product in the range of Na2O/Al2O3 ratio<5 and analcime, in the range of the ratio>5. When the Na2O/Al2O3 was kept at 5, analcime with some clinoptilolite was the main product in the range of SiO2/Al2O3 ratio<23, and in the range of the ratio>23, mordenite and clinoptilolite coexisted as the main components. Replacement of a part (30mol%) of the Na2O in the organic systems by organic bases, such as alkylamines and alkylammoniums, was found to be efective in obtaining ZSM-5, an artificial zeolite of high catalytic activity.
The mordenite-containing product obtained by 3 days'treatment showed a strong acidity and a high catalytic activity in methvlation of toluene, which were comparable to those of ZSM-5. The Product containing ZSM-5 and clinoptilolite, obtained from the organic system in this study, showed a high selectivity for p-xylene in the methylation of toluene.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4200K) -
芝崎 靖雄, 前田 武久, 渡村 信治, 水田 博之, 赤塚 芳彦, 大沢 正, 町村 等1988 年 28 巻 1 号 p. 9-17
発行日: 1988/04/10
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーIn order to elucidate the reason for low whiteness of the potteries from so-called Shidare-Kibushi clays, the samples collected at Mifune Mine, Aichi prefecture, were analyzed for mineralogical and chemical characteristics, and the results were compared with those obtained for the samples of Kibushi and Gairome clays from Motoyama Mine in Seto City.
The samples consisted of quartz, kaolinite, small quantities of feldspars, smectite, and greenish platy particle with 10 Å d-spacing. The greenish platy particles were examined by means of TEM and EPMA. They were presumed to be iron-rich mica mineral partly kaolinized by weathering. The sample clays contained large amounts of Fe2O3 and TiO2 in comparison with the other clays used for comparison.
The reason for the low whiteness of Shidare-Kibushi clays was ascribed to the presence of relatively high contents of titanium and iron in the weathered iron-rich mica mineral contained.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3738K) -
林 久人1988 年 28 巻 1 号 p. 18-29
発行日: 1988/04/10
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーMany accidents due to oxygen deficiency were reported from 1960 to 1980 during the period of decreasing groundwater level in the Tokyo area. The compressed air passed easily through the aquifers and the oxygen in it was consumed to oxydized the ferrous ions to ferric ions. The accidents occurrred not only at the sites in underground constructions, but also in residences in Tokyo. The recovery of both the groundwater level and the pore-water pressure in the aquifers has continued to rise because of the restrictions on groundwater withdrawal. The accidents due to oxygen deficiency have become less frequent with these recoveries since 1972.
During the recovery of the groundwater level and the pore-water pressure in the aquifers, two types of fires and explosions by gush out of methane occurred in the Tokyo Lowland area since 1973. One type of methane explosion (Asakusa type) has not happened since these recoveries in alluvial and Pleistocene sediments was completely finished.
As results of penetration of the compressed air into the reducing marine sediments, oxidation of sulfide minerals in them causes the formations ofdeoxygenated air and acidic water, and generation of heat. Similar phenomenon has observed in situations where the marine clayey sediments turned into farmland and housing lots.
This paper describes the geological and geochemical characteristics of the places wherethese two kinds of accidents have occurred and discusses the mechanisms of the accidents and acidification associated with the formation of acid sulfate soils.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7322K) -
井上 克弘, 溝田 智俊1988 年 28 巻 1 号 p. 30-47
発行日: 1988/04/10
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーHigh-quantity illite and quartz bands which are centered in the mid-latitude in the North Pacific pelagic clays are an indication of world-wide tropospheric eolian input from the arid and semi-arid regions such as the Takla Makan and Gobi deserts and Loess Plateau in China. Japanese islands are located under frequent transport paths of Asian dust. Asian tropospheric eolian dust is characterized by the predominance of soil particles of 30 to 3μm in diameter, and its dominant minerals in the silt and clay fractions are 2: 1 layer silicates, kaolinite and quartz. Dust flux from atmosphere to Japanese islands was more prominent in the last Glacial period than in modern times. Nonallophanic Andosols, Red-Yellow soils developed on limestones, basalts, terraces and Tertiary deposits, paleosols buried in Paleo-sand dunes, and inorganic components of peats in Japan and Korea showed the similar particle size distribution, chemical and mineralogical characteristics to eolian dust collected in Japan and loess and loess-derived soils in China. Oxygen isotope abundance of the marker quartz (1-10μm) isolated from the soils and eolian dust revealed that the fine-grained quartz and associated 2: 1 layer silicates in the soils were tropospheric eolian origin and it seems that there are no possibilities of their pedogenic formation from parent materials such as volcanic ash, limestone, and basalt. The current results show that eolian dust influence is wide-spread in various kinds of soils in Japan and Korea, which have existed for 103 to 104 years.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7067K)
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