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Volume 34 (1984)
- Issue 5 Pages 520-
- Issue 3 Pages 150-
- Issue 2 Pages 72-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 34, Issue 2
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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1. Incidenceof Discoloration, Yellow and Fluorescent Lines in the Crown of Primary Molars, and their RelationshipKatsuyoshi SHIROTO, Yoshihiro SHIMADA1984 Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages 72-80
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo find the incidence of discolored teeth and yellow and fluorescent lines in the tooth crowns, and to study the relationship between them, 524 primary molars obtained from 506 children born in 1968-77 were investigated. After the teeth were observed macroscopically, ground sections were prepared and examined by light and fluorescent microscopy.
The incidence was referred to the yearly production of oral suspension of tetracyclines certified by the National Institute of Health of Japan. The following results were obtained.
1. The occurrence of discolored teeth and tooth crowns with yellow or fluorescent lines were 35 (6.7%), 36 (6.9%) and 312 (59.5%), respectively (Table 2). The mean number of yellow and fluorescent lines was 2.22 and 3.85 (Table 3).
2. Of the 35 discolored teeth, 12 (34.3%) had both yellow and fluorescent lines and 22 (62.9 %) had fluorescent lines but had not yellow lines. 3 of the 22 teeth had only one fluorescent line, and 1 (2.8%) had neither yellow nor fluorescent lines (Table 4).
3. Of the 489 non-discolored teeth, 24 (4.9%) had both yellow and fluorescent lines, 254 (51.9%) had fluorescent lines only, and 211 (43.2%) had neither yellow nor fluorescent lines (Table 4).
4. In the teeth of group A (having both discoloration and yellow line), group B (having discoloration but no yellow lines), group C (having yellow lines but no discoloration) and group D (having neither discoloration nor yellow lines), the mean number of fluorescent lines was 9.25, 7.30, 4.42 and 1.75, respectively (Fig. 2).
5. The yearly production of oral suspension of tetracyclines was largest in 1970-71 and was about 19 tons (Fig. 3).
From these findings, it seems that tooth discoloration is easily diagnosed as the result of tetracycline antibiotic ingestion by the presence of a yellow or fluorescent line.View full abstractDownload PDF (1734K) -
Katsuhiko TAURA, Noriko TAKAHASHI, Okiuji TAKAGI, Yoshihiro SHIMADA1984 Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages 81-87
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study was to elucidate the progression rate of incipient carious lesions in deciduous teeth.
172 nursery school children (89 boys and 83 girls) of 3 to 4 years of age at the initial examination, from May to July in 1980, participated. At the initial examination, 124 cases of white spots, 3 cases of brown spots, 83 cases of brown pits or fissures, and 174 cases of discernible cavities restricted to the enamel (occlusal surface, 75; approximal surface, 46; and bucco-lingual surface, 53) were detected; these were reexamined every 6 months over two years. From the data obtained, the cumulative progression rates (Shimada, 1968) of the lesions were calculated and compared.
The results were as follows.
1. The progression of the white spots and brown spots was slow. Only 12.8 % of the former progressed to discernible cavities in the 2-year study, and the latter were unchanged.
2. Approximately 65 percent of the brown pits or fissures progressed to the carious cavities over two years.
3. Of the carious cavities in the enamel of the various tooth surfaces, 86.8 % of those on the occlusal surface, 71.3 % on the approximal surface, and 26.9 % on the bucco-lingual surface extended to the dentin in the 2-year study.
4. The brown pits or fissures and the discernible cavities in the enamel of the approximal and bucco-lingual surfaces had a tendency to progress quickly in the first year of the 2-year study, but slowly in the second year.View full abstractDownload PDF (1198K) -
Yoshinobu MAKI, Hideki YAMAMOTO, Takashi MATSUKUBO, Yoshinori TAKAESU, ...1984 Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages 88-96
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn a previous report (1983) we demonstrated the specific color reaction of Resazurin Disc for a screening test of caries activity. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the Resazurin Disc (RD) test score and caries prevalence with statistical analysis. A clinical trial was carried out for 136 kindergarten children aged from 3 to 5 years. The subjects of this study were classified by rating four scores (-, +, _??_, _??_) based on the color change of the RD within 15 minutes at 32-37 °C.
A high statistical significance was obtained in the relationship between the RD test score and df teeth and df surfaces per person (p <0.01). In the ridit analysis, a clear tendency toward stepwise increase of caries prevalence (df rate) was observed with increasing RD test score. Furthermore, when the scores were divided into (-·+) and (_??_·_??_), the statistical significance of the relationship was established (p<0.005). These results indicated that the scoring of the RD test applied for clinical screening reflected substantially individual caries activity related to the present status of caries prevalence. Analysis of specific tooth prevalence (df rate) also revealed a high statistical significance in regard to deciduous upper incisors and deciduous molars.
As a cario-static agent for deciduous caries teeth, application of Diamine Silver Fluoride (DSF, Saforide ®) is widely used in this country. In the case of this study, 23.5% of the subjects were treated with DSF. Therefore, we compared the RD test score and caries prevalence between children receiving DSF treatment and those not receiving it. In spite of a lower RD test score, caries prevalence was significantly higher in DSF treated children (p<0.001). Subjects treated with DSF must be eliminated in the statistical analysis because of DSF influence on caries activity due to the anti-bacterial action.View full abstractDownload PDF (3437K) -
Yasuko ISHIKAWA, Yoshiaki TOMOBE, Makoto OTSUKA, Masami ICHIMORI, Mako ...1984 Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages 97-103
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to determine whether bile acids are useful for the control of plaque formation, the effect of the bile acids such as cholic acid and deoxycholic acid on the bacterial growth and glucan synthesis of oral streptococci was studied.
Eighteen strains of S. mutans, S. mitis, S. sanguis and S. salivarius were grown in brainheart infusion broth. The bacterial growth was determined by the turbidity at O. D. 630. Activity of soluble and insoluble glucosyltransferase was assayed according to the method of Whenham et al. (1979).
Although the susceptibility to bile acids varied by bacterial strain, both cholic acid and deoxychoic acid possessed antibacterial effects on the growth of oral streptococci. In general, deoxycholic acid had a stronger effect than cholic acid for all strains used.
Cholic acid and deoxycholic acid also affected the synthesis of soluble and insoluble glucans. It was determined that the inhibition of glucan synthesis occurred by the depression of enzyme production, not by the inhibition of glucosyltransferase activity.
These results suggest that bile acids may be useful to prevent plaque formation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1181K) -
Masao ONISI, Fumiko OZAKI1984 Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages 104-108
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOf three caries inhibiting factors, Ca, P, and Ca/P ratio, in caries inducing diets recommended by different authors, Ca/P ratio functioned as the primary determinant. It is considered that Ca-and P-conponents could form a cubic concave surface mode of action against caries incidence, and the proposed model reconciled the previous arguments on this subject.View full abstractDownload PDF (768K) -
Kunio NAKANISHI1984 Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages 109-123
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was made to examine the effects of two topical fluoride agents on the fluorapatite formation in enamel powder by X-ray diffractometry using the template technique. Fluoride topical application and fluoride mouth rinse were applied in vitro to enamel powder (200 mesh), and the findings were compared. Acidulated phosphate fluoride solution (F-: 9000 ppm, pH 3.6) was used as the fluoride topical application (F.T.A.) and phosphoric acid-acidified NaF solution (F-: 500 ppm, pH 5.0) was used as the fluoride mouth rinse (F.M.R.). X-ray diffractometry was performed with an automatic recording X-ray diffractometer. The reaction products were identified by comparison with ASTM indices. For the determination and identification of reaction products, templates were made of the (410) diffraction line profile of the reference substance after heating it at 1, 000°C for 5 hours. A part of the experimental samples were also heated. These templates were used to determine the amount of fluorapatite by comparison of alterations in the diffraction line profiles, and peak shifts in the a-axis of enamel apatite after heating. The determination of β-tricalcium phosphate produced by heating was carried out by X-ray diffractometry using the internal standard technique.
The following results were obtained.
The amount of fluorapatite formed in the enamel powder was estimated at about 20% for F.T.A., and about 35% for F.M.R.. In the experiments with F.T.A., a large amount of CaF2 was produced, which was released with time by washing, after the formation of fluorapatite. A large amount of fluorapatite with high crystallinity was produced by the repeated treatment with F.M.R. solution.
Hydroxyfluor-apatite and/or fluoridated hydroxyapatite was indicated in the line profile of fluoride treated enamel. Peak shift and decrease of the a-axis lattice parameter in F.M.R. also showed the formation of hydroxyfluonapatite. The amount of g-tricalcium phosphate produced by heating in enamel treated with F.M.R. solution decreased with time. These facts indicate a decrease in the amount of imperfect hydroxyapatite and the restoration of lattice imperfections in enamel apatite after the application of F. M. R..
Thus, the repeated application of fluoride mouth rinse over a long period will produce hydroxy-fluor-apatite without decalcifying the enamel and thus will exert a favorable effect on enamel apatite.View full abstractDownload PDF (2741K) -
The Evaluation of Bad Breath from by Methylmercaptan Production in Mouth RinseMasao ISHIKAWA, Koji SHIBUYA, Fumihiko TOKITA, Masaki KOSHIMIZU1984 Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages 124-130
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe methylmercaptan (CH3SH) production in used mouth rinse was examined as a new method (RS method) for evaluating bad breath. In this method, L-methionine was added to the mouth rinse as a substrate, and incubated at 37°C under anaerobic conditions. After incubation for 2 hrs, CH3SH in the tube head space was determined by gas chromatograph equipped with a flame photometric detector. The relationship between the organoleptic evaluation of bad breath just before mouth rinsing, and the amount of CH3SH produced was positively correlated (r=0.70). This indicates that RS method is useful for the evaluation of bad breath.
The clinical deodorizing effects of a control commercial toothpaste (Etiquette α Lion) and test toothpaste containing 0.5% of sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate were compared by the RS method. Both toothpastes inhibited CH3SH production markedly 5 min after brushing. Sixty min after, the inhibitory effect of the control toothpaste on CH3SH production was markedly decreased. However, the test toothpaste was still highly effective and the difference between both toothpastes was statistically significant (p<0.01).
The results of CH3SH measurement in bad breath by gas chromatography (GC method) indicated a similar tendency and supported the results of the RS method.
The evaluation of bad breath is discussed in light of these results.View full abstractDownload PDF (1128K) -
Masanori HASHIMOTO1984 Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages 131-145
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been noted by some investigators that Pb is present in human saliva, but there are no data on lead concentration in normal saliva in the Japanese.
This report describes the levels of lead concentrations in 272 saliva samples obtained from residents of five different geographical areas in Japan, namely, Tokyo, Kumagaya City in Saitama Prefecture, Chiba City, and Nagoya City and Tahara in Aichi Prefecture.
Lead concentrations were determined by the simplified method, in which lead in saliva was chelated by 1% APDC, extracted with MIBK, and detected by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
The results were as follows:
1) The distribution of lead concentration in mixed saliva from inhabitants of the five different geographical areas was approximately logarithmic-normal.
2) The geometric mean of lead concentrations in mixed saliva from Tokyo (2.23 μg/dl), the capital of Japan, was significantly higher than that for Kumagaya, Chiba, Nagoya, and Tahara.
3) The geometric mean of lead concentrations in mixed saliva from Tahara (0.32 μg/dl), a rural area, was significantly lower than that for the four other locations.
4) Significant correlation was observed between the geometric mean of lead concentrations in air and in mixed saliva from 5 locations in Japan (r=0.95).
5) The mean values of lead concentrations in parotid and mixed saliva from 71 normal subjects were 0.306 μg/dl and 0.687 μg/dl, respectively.
6) Significant correlation was observed between the lead in urine and in parotid saliva and the lead in plasma and parotid saliva. The mean ratio of the lead concentrations in simultaneously obtained parotid saliva to plasma was 0.96.View full abstractDownload PDF (3105K) -
1984 Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages e1
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (52K)
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