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Volume 34 (1984)
- Issue 5 Pages 520-
- Issue 3 Pages 150-
- Issue 2 Pages 72-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 34, Issue 5
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Takanobu MORINUSHI, Mayumi NAGAI1984 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 520-530
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this investigation was to examine the oral hygiene of nursery school children and to discuss the role of the nursery school in dental health guidance for children under six years of age. The subjects were 1200 nursery school children attending nursery school in Kagoshima city. The ages were from zero to six years. The frequency of tooth brushing and intake of between-meal snacks were studied with a questionnaire, and we examined the presence of caries, prevalence of malocclusion, presence of abnormal teeth, and the dental plaque score of the subjects, with the following results.
1) The dental check-up by a dentist was not sufficiently enforced at the nursery school.
2) The prevalence of dental caries was high in comparison with Sapporo and the whole country. Particularly, the prevalence was very high at three or four years of age.
3) When the caries prevalence rate was studied by district, the difference among three districts was statistically significant by t test or chi-square test.
4) The status of oral hygiene was considered bad on the basis of the debris index score.
5) Daily dental care for the children was bad both at the nursery school and at home.
6) There was no difference in the prevalence of dental caries when the subjects were classified by the length of time spent at the school.
7) The relationship between the prevalence of dental caries and the frequency of between-meal snacks or a periodic dental check-up was statistically significant.
8) We proposed a method for dental health guidance in nursery school.View full abstractDownload PDF (1916K) -
Haruo NAKAGAKI, Yoshikazu KOYAMA, Yukitaro SAKAKIBARA1984 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 531-537
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied effect of fluoride mouthrinse on in vivo enamel solubility in four dental students. All 4 students rinsed for 30 seconds for 19 days with a 10 ml volume of a placebo solution (distilled water) every night (stage I). Then tion for 86 days (stage After that period, the fluoride group rinsed with a higher fluoride concentration solution (F: 1000 ppm) and the others continued the placebo solution for 54 days.
in vivo enamel solubility was examined 4 times for the I stage, 5 times for the II stage and 4 times for the III stage by Nakagaki's method using 2μl of sodium acetate-hydrochoric acid buffer (1.4 M lactic acid, pH 2.3). The results were as follows.
1) in vivo enamel solubility was decreased by the fluoride mouth rinsing.
2) The difference in enamel solubility between stage I and stage II was greater than that between stage II and stage III.View full abstractDownload PDF (1342K) -
Haruo NAKAGAKI, Manabu SHIBATA, Yukitaro SAKAKIBARA1984 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 538-547
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe compared the in vivo enamel solubility and the increase in DMFT (ΔDMFT) for three years in dental students, and examined. The usefulness of the in vivo enamel solubility test as a screening method for dental caries increment. The following results were obtained.
1) In vivo enamel solubility of the lower first molar was significantly higher than that of the upper central incisor. The value after surface polishing was higher than that of the surface before polishing.
2) A relationship was found between the upper central incisor and the lower first molar in the value of in vivo enamel solubility.
3) We found that the majority of students were at the no increment (ΔDMFT=0) point. As the number of DMFT increased, the number of students decreased.
4) There was no clear relationship between ΔDMFT and in vivo enamel solubility. However, it was the most useful way to predict caries increment at the point of -1SD from the average enamel solubility value in general. As a screening measure the lower first molar was better than the upper central incisor, particularly without polishing.View full abstractDownload PDF (1743K) -
Tokuko KANI, Yukinobu FUKUOKA, Shintaro IINO, Mariko SHIMIZU, Isamu YA ...1984 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 548-555
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPrevious studies showed that fluoride mouth-rinsing (F.M.R.) is an effective carious reduction procedure in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of F.M.R. solutions at various pH and fluoride concentrations on powdered enamel by means of chemical analysis and X-ray diffractometry. The F.M.R. solutions used were acidulated phosphate sodium fluoride solution (pH 5.0, APF), Miranol solution (pH 5.0, BMD Co.) and neutral sodium fluoride solution (pH 7.0, NaF), 100, 250, and 500ppmF-, respectively. Powdered enamel was treated with the various fluoride solutions for 30 minutes at 37°C, followed by washing with distilled water.
The fluoride uptake into enamel was determined with the combination fluoride selective electrode coupled to an ion meter by McCann. Acid resistance was evaluated by measuring calucium released into acetate buffer (pH 4.0) for 3 minutes with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed with an automatic recording X-ray diffractometer to observe the crystallinity and identify the reaction products.
The amount of fluoride uptake from APF and Miranol was larger than that from NaF. Especially 500ppmF- of APF revealed a clear increment of fluoride uptake. The fluoride uptake from Miranol was about 2.3 times higher than that from NaF (pH 7.0), but there was no clear difference of fluoride uptake in the powdered enamel treated with Miranol. Acid resistance and crystallinity were relative to fluoride uptake in the powdered enamel.
Consequently both fluoride uptake and acid resistance were greater with acidulated F.M.R. solutions than neutral F.M.R. solution. In addition, it is suggested that the repeated application of F.M.R solution have a cariostatic effect in spite of low fluoride concentration.View full abstractDownload PDF (1511K) -
Keiko KURITA, Yoshiaki SATOH, Kiyoshi OIKAWA, Hiroshi TANI1984 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 556-575
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied the correlation between caries prevalence and diaily habits of children in three areas of Hokkaido and one area of Okinawa. We found a clear correlation as follows.
1. We found three important factors, which were characteristic of each region, namely, intake of sugar products, regularity of daily life, and regularity of eating habits.
2. The specific factor distinguishing the urban and rural areas was the intake of sugar products. The specific factor distinguishing the urban areas of Sapporo and Naha was the regularity of daily life. The specific factor distinguishtng the rural areas in Erimo and Kikonai was the regularity of eating habits.
3. The regularity of eating habits was the factor that most needed improvement for the prevention of caries incidence, and the regularity of daily life was also an important factor for the prevention of severe molar caries in the Nara area.
The restriction of sugar intake was the most important factor for the prevention of both anterior and posterior caries and severity of molar caries. The regularity of eating habits was the most important factor for the prevention of posterior teeth caries in the Sapporo area.
The regularity of eating habits was the factor that most needed improvement for the prevention of caries incidence and severe molar caries in the Erimo area. The regularity of daily life was the factor that most needed improvement for the prevention of anterior teeth caries. The restriction of the sugar intake was another important factor for the prevention of posterior teeth caries in the Erimo area.
The restriction of sugar intake and the improvement of daily life were he most important factors for the prevention of caries incidence and the severity of molar caries in the Kikonai area.
4. There was significant difference between the urban and the rural areas regarding the the caries incidence in molar teeth. For the prevention of molar caries, the regularity of eating habits was the most important factor in the urban areas. On the other hand, the restriction of sugar intake was the most important factor for the prevention of molar caries in the rural areas.View full abstractDownload PDF (3693K) -
Minoru KITAHARA, Keiko TAKANO, Kinji HORIUCHI, Kayoko MATSUSAKA, Seiji ...1984 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 576-583
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS234 people in Fujisawa city were examined with the World Health Organization (WHO) Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) to obtain data for a community health program of periodontal disease.
The results were as follows.
1) Over 90% of adults in the community had symptoms of periodontal disease and more than half of the sextants were affected.
2) The rate of persons with bleeding only or bleeding and calculus were decreased with age, but persons with periodontal pockets (4mm or deeper) increased with age. The percentage of persons with periodontal pockets was 47% in the 20-29 year groups, 67% in the 30-44 year groups and 81% in the 45-64 year groups (Table 2).
3) The mean number of sextants affected increased with age. In particular, the mean number of sextants with periodontal pockets increased with age. The figures were 0.92 sextants per person in the 20-29 year groups, 1.80 sextants in the 30-44 year groups and 2.34 sextants in the 45-64 year groups (Fig. 1).
4) More than 90% of adults in community required improvement in personal oral hygiene for prevention of periodontal disease and, in addition, more than 80% required professional cleaning of the teeth (Table 5). The percentage of persons requiring complex treatment of periodontal disease was 3% in the 20-29 year groups, 15% in the 30-44 year groups and 32% in the 45-64 year groups (Table 5).View full abstractDownload PDF (1476K) -
I Fundamental study on Atomic Absorption SpectrophotometryTokuko KANI, Mariko SHIMIZU, Yukinobu FUKUOKA, Shintaro IINO, Mizuo KA ...1984 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 584-589
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to establish fundamental conditions, and to develop atomic absorption techniques for the determination of titanium fluoride compounds which are applied to human enamel for caries prevention.
A polarized Zeeman atomic absorption spectrophotometer (HITACHI 180-80) was used for the measurement of the absorbance of titanium (IV). The optimum conditions for titanium (IV) were as follows: hollow cathode lamp, wave length, 364.3 nm; lamp current, 12.5 mA; height of burner, 10.20 mm; flow-rate of acetylene, 0.37kg/cm2; and flow-rate of nitrous oxide, 1.60 kg/cm2.
Under these conditions, the absorbance showed a linear relationship to the concentration Ti (IV) within the range of 1.0-8.0 μg/ml. Of the ions and inorganic acids coexisting in human enamel sample solutions, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, fluoride and some inorganic acids caused some interference in the absorbance. The interference of phosphorous could be suppressed by addition of lanthanium, but that of other ions could not be suppressed. With “standard addition” method for determination of Ti (IV) in enamel samples, good determination reproducility could not be obtained.
From these results, we suggest that the direct determination of Ti (IV) in human enamel is difficult and that pretreatment procedure to separate Ti (IV) from coexisting ions is required.View full abstractDownload PDF (1018K) -
II. Solvent Extraction and Atomic Absorption SpectrophotometryTokuko KANI, Mariko SHIMIZU, Yukinobu FUKUOKA, Shintaro IINO, Mizuo KA ...1984 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 590-597
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple method for the determination of titanium (IV) in human enamel powder after treatment with (NH4) 2TiF6 solution was studied by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Coexisting ions such as calcium, phosphate, magnesium, potassium and sodium in aqueous samples caused some interference, but the influence could be suppressed by the extraction of titanium (IV) -cupferron chelate compound into methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). The procedure was as follows. Samples (about 25-35 mg containing less than 120 μg of Ti (IV)) were decomposed with 3ml of 6N HCl and then the sample solution was diluted with 12ml of water. After 15ml of 1.2N HC1 and 1mll of 0.25M cupferron solution have been pipetted into a 25 ml calibrated flask and mixed, 5ml of sample solution or Ti (IV) standard solution was added. The mixture had to be kept cool in an ice bath, because of the quick decomposition of cupferron chelate complexes. The mixture was diluted with 1.2N HC1 and mixed. After the solution was transferred into a separatory funnel, it was shaken with 10ml of MIBK for 5 minutes.
Absorbance of Ti (IV) in the organic phase was measured with nitrous oxide-acetylene flame. Ti (IV) -cupferron chelate could be extracted quantitatively from 1.15N HC1 and 1.0×10-2 M cupferron solution. The calibration curve was straight in the range 1.0-8.0μg/ml of Ti (IV). Relative standard deviation was 4.8%. Analytical results agreed closely with those obtained by extractionspectrophotometry using cupferron reagent, but extraction-spectrophotometry was not applicable because the chelate compound was unstable. The proposed method can be used for the determination of Ti (IV) in human enamel.View full abstractDownload PDF (1429K) -
Atsunori ISOZAKI1984 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 598-632
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the combined introduction of topical fluoride application and fluoride mouth-rinsing into school dental health programs. Topical fluoride applications were given once a year using an acidulated phosphate fluoride solution (0.9 % of F-, pH 3.6), and fluoride mouth-rinsing was practiced 5 times a week after every school lunch with a phosphoric acid-acidified NaF solution (0.05 % of F-, pH 5.0). Subjects of this study were 972 school children (511 of boys and 461 of girls). Cohort observations were carried out on combined anticariogenic effects from 1976 to 1981 according to the school grade levels of the subjects.
The results of cohort analyses on DMF teeth and surfaces rate, and DMF teeth and surfaces index indicated that the highest cariostatic effect was obtained in the group which started these programs from the first grade. The distribution of the score of DMF teeth and surfaces in each child indicates more cariostatic effect in the groups following these preventive programs from the lower grade levels. In the maxillar central and lateral incisors, and first and second premolars, and in the mandibular second premolars, the DMF rates showed a statistically significant cariostatic effect in the groups which started from the lower grade levels. Therefore, high anticariogenic effects can be obtained by introducing the topical fluoride application and fluoride mouth-rinsing into school dental health programs, especially the group started from their lower grade levels revealed the higher cariostatic effects. On the measures of caries prevention applied to school dental health program, it is suggested that not only tooth brushing instruction and education in oral hygiene and eating habits, but also topical fluoride treatments are necessary, and that it is important that this program be carried out continuously through the primary school years.View full abstractDownload PDF (4535K)
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