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Volume 49 (1999)
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Volume 49, Issue 1
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
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Yoshihide OKAZAKI, Yukiko NAKAMURA, Tomohiro HIGASHI, Atsushi MIYAGI, ...1999 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 2-8
Published: January 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Caries' status and three caries activity tests ; Cariostat® (Sankin Kougyo), Dentocult-SM® Strip mutans (Orion Diagnostica), Dentocult-LB® (Orion Diagnostica), in 94 preschool children aged 5-6 years old.1) Cariostat® samples were obtained from all children. Both Dentocult SM® Strip mutans and Dentocult LB® were obtained from 85 (90.4%) of the children.2) The caries prevalence, mean dt, mean dft and mean CSI of the preschool children were 75.3%, 4.04, 6.55 and 13.91, respectively.3) The Cariostat® score and Dentocult-LB® score were correlated significantly (p<0.001) with the caries index (dt, dft and CSI).4) The Dentocult-SM® Strip mutans score was correlated significantly (p<0.01) with the caries index (dt and dft).5) When the children were divided in to three groups (caries free/treated/untreated.), the distribution of all caries activity test scores showed significant differences between the three groups (Chi-square test p<0.05).6) Setting the Cariostat ® score 1.5 as the screening level, the sensitivity and specificity for caries were 0.703 and 0.857, respectively. On the other hand, the Dentocult-SM® Strip mutans score, when we used the score 2 as the screening level, had sensitivity and specificity of 0.359 and 0.900, respectively. In addition, the Dentocult-LB® score, when we used the score 103 as the screening level, had sensitivity and specificity of 0.625 and 0.850, respectively. The Cariostat® and Dentocult-LB® scores showed almost the same level of correlation to the caries index. However, the Dentocult-SM® Strip mutans showed a slightly lower correlation than Cariostat® and Dentocult-LB® .View full abstractDownload PDF (862K) -
Yuichi ANDO1999 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 9-20
Published: January 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to assist in the planning of oral health services, this study describes historical trends and projections regarding the need for operative dentistry in Japan. Needs were calculated using national survey data about dental caries, population and number of dentists. In projecting future needs, first an estimation of people's number of remaining teeth in the future was made. Then the estimated needs for operative dentistry in the year 2029 was made under several conditions including prevalence of dental caries using existing projection data about population and number of dentists. The data showed that the total amount of needs declined from 1975. Need per dentist in 1993 decreased by 63% from 1957. The total needs of the younger age group decreased markedly, but in the older age group total needs increased markedly. The estimated total needs in 2029 are strongly influenced by assumptions of caries prevalence and estimation of the number of remaining teeth. Since it is thought that the number of remaining teeth will increase and that the number of decayed teeth wiH reduce due to historical trends, it is suggested that the total amount of needs will reduce and that needs per-dentist will reduce markedly in the future. The ratio of older people to the total amount of needs will also be larger, and this tendency will become stronger as the number of remaining teeth increases.View full abstractDownload PDF (1405K) -
Hajime MIYATA, Akio HOSHI, Tsutomu SATO, Motoo NIWA1999 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 21-29
Published: January 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe compared the mortality rate of male dentists with that of the contemporaneous Japanese male population. The dentists mean life span was 72.8±12.1 yrs (27-101), which is much longer than the Japanese male population. The causes of death averaged in the observed periods were represented in the following order. 29.8% for heart diseases ; 27.8% for malignant neo-plasms ; 13.6% for brain-blood vessel diseases ; 9.9% for pneumonia and bronchitis. 0f all causes, the SMR were significantly lower in the dentists than in the male population. As for selected causes, the SMR for malignant neoplasms and brain-blood vessel diseases in the dentists were significantly lower than in the male population, but heart disease was significantly higher than in the male population. Also, the SMR for pneumonia and bronchitis in the dentists was significantly lower than in the male population, although it was significantly higher in the last 4 years and ages from 55 to 69.View full abstractDownload PDF (1034K) -
Yoshiko SOMEYA1999 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 30-39
Published: January 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe reported previously that dentinal fluid flow caused by intrapulpal pressure has inhibitory effects on root demineralization. However, its role in the comprehensive caries process including remineralization is not known. This study was conducted to examine the effects of dentinal fluid flow on remineralization of root caries lesion in vitro. The pulpal cavities of demineralized root samples were filled with a pulpal fluid-based mineral solution (0.65 mM CaCl2, 0.94 mM KH2PO4, 20 mM HEPES buffer, pH7) under various intrapulpal pressure conditions (20,30 or 40 mmHg) for 8 d. It was confirmed using a confocal laser scanning microscopy that the dentinal fluid containing a fluorescent dye reached to root surfaces within a few minutes at 20 mmHg. Separately, demineralized root samples were immersed in a saliva-based mineral solution (1.5 mM CaCl2, 0.9 mM KH2PO4, 20 mM HEPES buffer, pH 7, 0 or 2 ppm F-) or a pulpal fluid-based mineral solution to investigate the effects of outer solutions on remineralization. After treatment, the lesions in the root surfaces were observed under a polarized microscope, and the mineral distributions were assessed microradiographically with the aid of computer assisted videodensitometry (CAV). The lesion depth ld and mineral loss values ΔZ decreased with elevations in the pulpal pressure. Compared with the 20-mmHg group, the ld values in the 40-mmHg group were lower by 55% with significant differences (p<0.01). In addition, it was found that the 40-mmHg group and samples remineralized by the saliva-based outer solution with 2 ppm F- had no significant differences in the mineral parameter values (ld and ΔZ), indicating equality of remineralization. In conclusion, it was suggested that dentinal fluid flow may play an important role in the remineralization of root caries, especially in the lesion bottom, as a physiological defense mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1404K) -
Toshiki MORIYA1999 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 40-54
Published: January 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study examined the influence of calcium to phosphate molar ratios (Ca/P ratios) on the remineralization of artificial incipient carious lesions. Enamel blocks were cut from the labial side of bovine incisors. The samples were demineralized in a 0.1 M lactic acid gel (pH 5) containing 6 wt% carboxymethyl-cellulose at 37℃ for 3 w. They were then divided into 7 groups. Group A was not treated further after demineralization. The samples in groups C-G were remineralized at 37℃ for 8 d in 20 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7) containing 1.5 mM CaCI2 and 130 mM KCl with Ca/P ratios of 0.67, 1.17, 1.67, 2,17, or 2.67. The Ca/P ratios were adjusted by the addition of a 0.1 M KH2P04 solution. Group B was treated with a similar solution without calcium and phosphate. To assess acid resistance of remineralized lesions, the samples were demineralized in a 0.1 M lactic acid gel (pH 5) containing 6 wt% carboxymethylcellulose at 37℃ for 2 d. The conditions of the lesions after demineralization, remineralization, and acid resistance test were analyzed by transversal microradiography (TMR), and further examined by X-ray diffractometry and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. Results of TMR analyses showed that mineral uptake values increased as Ca/P ratios decreased in the remineralization solutions, and remineralized enamel tended to resist acid with lower Ca/P ratios. From quantitative analyses of X-ray diffraction patterns, the formation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) increased mostly with Ca/P ratios of 0.67 and 1.67. The FTIR spectra of demineralized and remineralized enamel were similar to these of carbonate-containing HAp. The remineralized lesions consisted of HAp. Ca/P ratios in the remineralization solutions affected the formation rates of HAp.View full abstractDownload PDF (1771K) -
Hongli YU, Youichi IIJIMA, Koji KAWASAKI1999 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 55-64
Published: January 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the effects of an unequal ratio of de- and remineralization balance on the acid resistance of human enamel. Human enamel premolars were demineralized and subsequently remineralized with 3 ppm fluoride. Sixty enamel samples were exposed to demineralizing and remineralizing solutions [D1R3, D1R6, D3R1, D6R1 ; the number means daily demineralization (D) and remineralization (R)], then addition to a 0.1 M lactic acid solution (pH : 4.5) for 1,2, or 3 days. The dissolved Ca, P, F and the mineral loss values were measured by means of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, a double beam spectro-photometer, a fluoride electrode and transversal microradiography, respectively. The amount of dissolved Ca increased linearly in proportion to the periods of the acid resistant test (ART). After 1 and 2 days of ART, samples were classified into the two groups of long (D1R3 and D1R6) and short (D3R1 and D6R1) terms of remineralization (p<0.05). However, there was no difference between the D1R3 and D6R1 groups after 3 days of ART. The longest remineralization D1R6 group had the maximum fluoride concentration (approximately 4,000 ppm) and a statistically significant higher fluoride value than the other groups (p<0.01). After 3 days of ART, a clear lamination type of mineral distribution was found in all groups. The microradiograph pictures and the mean mineral profiles for the long-term remineralization groups showed that mineral loss was not pronounced after 1 or 2 days of ART and no subsurface lesions were formed. However, typical subsurface lesions were found in the short-term remineralization groups. The present and previous studies indicate that at least 3 days of remineralization are necessary to form acid resistance regardless of the demineralization period. Laminations themselves may not have a direct connection with acid resistance unless a significant amount of fluoride is incorporated. From the Ca/P weight ratio and fluoride concentrations in remineralized enamel, the formation of partially fluoridated hydroxyapatite Ca10(P04)6(OH, F) is suggested.View full abstractDownload PDF (1206K) -
Hideki HAYASHIDA, Okiuji TAKAGI1999 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 65-70
Published: January 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe nucleotide sequences of the products obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)for the open reading frame of ISAa1, as the target sequence from five strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, were determined. The nucleotide sequences from the PCR products of strains FDC Y 4, ATCC 29522 and SUNYab 67 were identical to those of the open reading frame of ISAa1 cloned from the FDC Y 4 genome. Two different nucleotide sequences were determined from the PCR product of strain NCTC 9710. 0ne was identical to those of the open reading frame of ISAa1 cloned from the FDC Y 4 genome, similar to strains FDC Y 4, ATCC 29522 and SUNYab 67. Another was very similar to those of the open reading frame of ISAa1 cloned from the FDC Y 4 genome, differing by 12 bases inserted in the nucleotide sequence. The nucleotide sequences from the PCR products of strain OMZ 534 were also very similar to those of the open reading frame of ISAa1 cloned from the FDC Y 4 genome, differing by 12 bases inserted and having sites with different nucleotides in the nucleotide sequence. In this study, we showed the level of genetic divergence of nucleotide sequences and deduced the amino acid sequence among the partial ISAa1 of five strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.View full abstractDownload PDF (764K) -
Masami YOSHIOKA, Kaname MASUDA, Daisuke HINODE, Hiroyuki HAYASHI, Ryo ...1999 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 71-78
Published: January 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA monoclonal antibody (mAb-PC) was produced against a trypsin-like enzyme (Pase-C) from Porphyromonas gingivals. Fifty samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected from individuals with adult periodontitis, and the levels of Pase-C and P. gingivalis antigens in the GCF were measured with a quantitative ELISA, using mAb-PC and anti-P. gingivalis polyclonal antibodies (pAb-P. g.), respectively. Using the statistical analysis, it was found that the Pase-C level was not correlated with the P. gingivalis level. However, when the "BOP negative group," in which bleeding was not found on probing, was subjected to the analysis, these levels were correlated significantly. The Pase-C level of the "BOP positive group" was higher than that of the BOP negative group," whereas on the P. gingivalis level, there was no difference between these groups. Since bleeding tendency is considered to reflect inflammatory activity in the periodontal site to some extent, it is suggested that the detection of Pase-C in GCF samples has the potential to be used for detailed diagnosis of adult periodontitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (927K) -
Yasuko OKADA1999 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 79-92
Published: January 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe genus Abiotrophia, commonly called nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS), is one of the normal flora in human oral cavities and considered to be an etiologic agent of infective endocarditis. In this study, 25 Abiotrophia strains isolated from the oral cavity of healthy adults or heart or blood from endocarditis patients were examined for their abilities to induce infective endocarditis in catheterized rats and to bind extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in vitro. Strains of serotype 1 A. defectiva and serotype 2-5 or 3 A. adiacens were highly infective, whereas serotype 4 or 6 A. adiacens and Gemella-like NVS were moderately infective. A positive correlation was noted between the endocarditis-inducing capacity and the ability to bind ECM proteins, particularly fibronectin (FN). The oral isolates and the endocarditis strains of A defectiva and A. adiacens serotype 2-5 or 3 were equal to each other in these vivo and in vitro capacities. A putative Abiotrophia FN receptor (PFRA) was isolated from cell sonicates of A. adiacens ATCC 49175, a highly endocarditis-inducing and FN-binding strain. PFRA inhibited the FN-binding not only of its own cells but also of cells from the other bacterial strains, species and genera.View full abstractDownload PDF (1526K) -
Yutaka SATOH, Toshikazu YASUI1999 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 93-103
Published: January 30, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined one hundred sixty-one persons in a certain institution for the handicapped in Saitama Prefecture in order to assess their oral health, and their status of spontaneity and support for tooth brushing. We found the average number of teeth present in each age group was less than the national survey report, especially in the internal disease group (p<0.05). Further, with regard to CPITN, we found the scores of persons who had internal disease and mental retardation (MR) were higher than those in MR only group. With regard to status of spontaneity and support for tooth brushing, we found females had more spontaneity and independence. In addition, males demonstrated a significant relationship between spontaneity and independence in tooth brushing. We should give special attention to males to support their oral hygiene and promote oral health for individuals with internal disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (1146K)
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