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Volume 52 (2002)
- Issue 5 Pages 658-
- Issue 3 Pages 168-
- Issue 2 Pages 92-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 52, Issue 5
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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REVIEW ARTICLE
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Aubrey SHEIHAM, Fumiaki SHINSHO2002 Volume 52 Issue 5 Pages 658-662
Published: October 30, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: December 15, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDental caries is a highly prevalent chronic disease and its consequences cause a lot of pain and suffering. Sugars, particularly sucrose, are the most important dietary aetiological cause of caries. Both the frequency of consumption and total amount of sugars is important in the aetiology of caries. There has been considerable debate about the acceptable levels of sugars for controlling dental caries. The pioneering work by Professor Takeuchi is fundamental to the current debate on the relationship between sugar levels and caries. Takeuchi and his coworkers formulated some basic epidemiological principles of caries which are not generally appreciated. Based upon Takeuchi's research on the dose-response relationship between sugars and caries, his insights that there are acceptable low levels of sugar which are compatible with low or no caries, and the concept that the dose-response relationship between sugars and caries is S-shaped, international and national bodies formulating food and health policies are in a good position to suggest what levels of sugars are acceptable for oral health.View full abstractDownload PDF (651K)
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
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Yoshikazu SEIDA, Akihiro YOSHIHARA, Yuichi ANDO, Hideo MIYAZAKI2002 Volume 52 Issue 5 Pages 663-671
Published: October 30, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: December 15, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study investigated the two-year incidence of tooth loss to identify risk predictors for tooth loss in 70-year-old subjects residing in the community. We obtained baseline (1998) and two-year follow-up (2000) data from 402 dentate subjects living in Niigata City. The follow-up rate was 72.6%. To identify risk predictors for tooth loss, variables denoting oral health status and general health status, were obtained using a questionnaire and by performing examinations and blood investigations at the baseline, were included in a multiple logistic regression analysis. Overall, 30.8% of subjects lost one or more teeth with in 2 years after the index year. The mean number of missing teeth per year was 0.27. Tooth loss was frequently observed in this population, however, the distribution of the number of teeth lost was highly skewed. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that tooth loss was greater in persons with BMI (Body mass index)≧24, IgG (Serum immunogloblin)≧1,901 mg/dl, impaired daily physical activities, percentages of sites of LA (Loss of attachment) 6+mm≧4%, nine or more crown restorations and one or more root decayed teeth. The findings from this study suggest that general health status contributes to tooth loss in elderly people, in addition to oral diseases such as root caries and severe periodontal conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (964K) -
Koichi YOSHINO, Takashi MATSUKUBO, Yoshinori TAKAESU2002 Volume 52 Issue 5 Pages 672-676
Published: October 30, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: December 15, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere have been many discussions about medical and dental expenditures in relation to insurance systems and private medical and dental costs, especially for the assessment of increasing health care costs. This study compared dental expenditures for dental treatment between smoking and non-smoking subjects. The subjects consisted of 3,296 male bank employees (clerical workers), aged 25-64 years. The data, which was collected from patients' charts compiled at the office of a health insurance union of bank employees, analyzed by Mann-Whitney's U test. The mean number of dental care bills over a 3-year period and the mean number of dental consultation days over 3 years were higher among smokers than non-smokers in the 35-44, 45-54 and 55-64 age groups. The mean number of insurance claims over a 3 year period was 5,192.8 in smokers and that of non-smokers was 4,274.8 in the 45-54 age group. The difference was significant (p<0.05). These results suggest that dental care bills are influenced by smoking while frequency of dental visits may be independent of smoking habits in bank employees.View full abstractDownload PDF (546K) -
Hayato NAMEKI2002 Volume 52 Issue 5 Pages 677-687
Published: October 30, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: December 15, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), and relation of chewing ability to TMD and biting abilities in junior and senior high school students in Sapporo, Japan. After they were fully informed of the nature of the study, they were asked about food-intake and the subjective symptoms of TMD in the questionnaire. The questionnaire included the difficulty in eating 25 foods and 4 typical symptoms related to TMD such as TMJ (temporomandibular joint) noise, TMJ pain, impaired mouth opening, and stiffness or dullness around the TMJ area. The dentists were not informed about the result of the questionnaire before examining the number of teeth present and the DMF (decayed, missing and filled) tooth, and the presence of clinical signs of TMD ; i.e. ; clicking, jaw deviation when opening their mouth, masticatory muscle sensitivity to palpation, tenderness of TMJ, TMJ pain when opening mouth, and restricted mouth opening. Finally, biting ability such as biting force, biting pressure, and occlusal contact area, were measured in each student using the pressure-detecting sheet. Data from 1,311 students (648 males and 663 females) were analyzed. Five hundred and thirty-one students (40.5%) were categorized as subjects with chewing disturbance. The TMD symptom observed most frequently in the questionnaire was TMJ noise. The clinical TMD sign recognized most frequently was TMJ clicking, followed by jaw deviation when opening their mouth. According to univariate analysis, gender (female), TMD symptom (TMJ stiffness, dullness and TMJ pain) and TMD sign of clicking significantly correlated with chewing disturbance. Multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that the TMJ stiffness and dullness (OR=2.07) and gender (female, OR=1.76) were possible risk factors for chewing ability. This result suggested the importance of preventing deterioration of TMD to maintain chewing ability in the Japanese adolescents.View full abstractDownload PDF (1281K) -
Yasuo NAKABAYASHI, Toshikazu YASUI, Kokichi MIYATAKE2002 Volume 52 Issue 5 Pages 688-694
Published: October 30, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: December 15, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, some investigators have reported that young adults have been complaining of symptoms and signs associated with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). For the early detection and prevention of TMD, it is important to devise a useful questionnaire for school health examinations. In our study of high school students responding to such a questionnaire, question items that showed a high positive response rate were the following : "sometimes have a headache", "do not have pain but feeling fatigue in other site of the head, face, or neck", and "sometimes have difficult in hearing". In the examination of TMD, the most frequent conditions were "dislocation of the mandibular position", "impediment of opening mouth," and "clicking in the right TMJ." In these inspections, 166 (37.3%) subjects indicated having one or more symptoms. In this examination, the false-positive rate for TMD among female students increased, when a diagnosis of trismus was based on the standard value of less than a 40 mm incisal edge distance for maximal mouth opening. There were some significant relationships between certain question items and the results of the examination (p<0.01). This study supports the importance of a questionnaire before direct examination of TMD.View full abstractDownload PDF (736K) -
Akiko KUROKAWA, Shigeo TSUCHIYA, Yoshinori MUSYA, Naoki SUGIHARA, Yosh ...2002 Volume 52 Issue 5 Pages 695-705
Published: October 30, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: December 15, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study investigated the incidence of coronal caries on tooth surfaces among different age groups. The subjects consisted of 118 males (aged 23-54 years) and 23 females (aged 22-29 years) who were re-examined after a five-year follow-up. Coronal caries were noted according to the WHO oral survey criteria. The data relating to the incidence of coronal caries were analyzed by dividing both the upper and lower jaw into four groups : incisors, cuspids, premolars, and molars. These four groups were further analyzed based on five surface areas : the medial, distal, buccal/labial, palatal/lingual, and occlusal surfaces. The results were as follows : 1. The highest rate of coronal caries over the course of five years was found among females in their twenties (aged 22-29 years), and the lowest incidence was found among men in their forties. 2. By tooth type, the incidence in maxillary and mandibular molars and in maxillary premolars among females in their twenties was higher than that for other tooth types in all age groups. The next-highest incidence was seen in maxillary molars in males in their fifties. 3. Higher age-specific incidence involving the tooth surface was seen among females and males in their twenties and males in their fifties. The lowest such rates were seen among males in their thirties and forties. 4. By tooth type, the highest incidence was observed in the maxillary and mandibular molar groups for males in their fifties and males in their twenties. The next-highest incidence was found in maxillary and mandibular molars and in the maxillary premolars of females in their twenties. 5. Regarding the incidence on the tooth surface by tooth type, the highest rate of incidence was seen on the occlusal surface for all tooth types among all age groups. In terms of tooth type among males and females in their twenties, it was found that the distal surface showed the strongest tendency after the occlusal surface in the premolar group, and the buccal surface showed a strong tendency after the occlusal surface in the molars group. From these results, it was concluded that the target age for prevention of coronal caries should be those in their twenties, focusing on the maxillary premolars, the maxillary and mandible molar occlusal surfaces, and the distal and buccal surfaces. These findings thus suggest the importance of preventive instruction for people in their twenties.View full abstractDownload PDF (1063K) -
Naomi YOSHIDA2002 Volume 52 Issue 5 Pages 706-717
Published: October 30, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: December 15, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPatient satisfaction is gradually being recognized as an important component of quality care in dental hospitals. Most previous studies have portrayed patient satisfaction as a rather simple outcome based on patient evaluations. However, not only patient satisfaction but also patient perception of clinical education in a dental teaching hospital should be considered. This study investigates satisfaction related to clinical education with dental care among patients of dental outpatient clinics at the Tokyo Medical and Dental University. A questionnaire regarding clinical education and socio-demographic items was provided to 1,483 patients to determine factors affecting satisfaction ; 43.8% of the patients responded. The Amos structural equation modeling (SEM) program, version 4.0 was used to analyze a multiple indicator model. As a result, the obtained model provided a good fit to the actual data, the Goodness of Fit Index (GFI)=0.950, the Comparative Fit Index (CFI)=0.971, the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA)=0.041 Not withstanding the limitations of this study, the results provide strong empirical support for the proposed theoretical model. The present study demonstrated that perceptions of the patients' view can influence clinical education and their satisfaction in the dental teaching hospital.View full abstractDownload PDF (1252K)
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