Ellen H. Richards (Ellen Henrietta Richards, maiden name : Swallow, 1842-1911) was the first woman student and the first woman teacher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She was also the first woman bachelor of science and the first woman professional chemist in the history of the U. S. A. Ellen H. Richards began to wrestle with environmental problems by investigating the quality of polluted water in 1872, and unified several academic disciplines related to environmental problems, and founded a new discipline and named it "Oekology" in 1892. This was the original form of the modern science of environment. Then she respelled its name to "Ecology" in 1907. In 1904, Ellen H. Richards published "The Art of Right Living" on securing the living environment of human beings. The environmental ideas in this work consist of her philosophy of environment, the fourth "R", "self control" idea, the ethical ideas between society and individual, individual and other individuals, and the ethics between the thing and the possessor. Especially her thinking about the ethic between the thing and the possessor can be thought to be the pioneer of modern environmental ethics.

抄録全体を表示

This paper deals with the resource allocation problem (RA-problem) in which the execution time of each job is decided so that job-load does not exceed the capacities of resources. Though there are many methods to solve the RA-problem, PERT/LOAD is the almost only method to solve it in practical processing time. However, the practical result can be obtained by using PERT/LOAD. In this paper the extended PERT/LOAD algorithm with the following features is proposed. (1) An initial plan, each job is allocated at the optimal execution time. (2) If job-load exceeds the capacities of resources on the above-mentioned initial plan, three types of job-load balancing means are applied. The first is one that postpones the execution time of job. The second is one that advance the execution time of job. The last is one that gives up the job. (3) The policies to apply the above-mentioned job-load balancing means are described in the form of a table in order to realize the flexible modification of the policies. The proposed method selects and adopts appropriate job-load balancing means according to the policies.

抄録全体を表示

This paper explores the distance learning context with the aim of increasing understanding of the demands and opportunities this mode of educational delivery presents. A review of the work of several theorists who have been influential in the field of distance learning over the past forty years leads to the conclusion that the key variables in distance learning to consider are : 1) learner autonomy, as well as the nature of the interaction between the learner and 2) the instructor, 3) other learners, 4) course content and 5) the course interface. Moore's Theory of Transactional Distance and Anderson's Equivalency Theory were found to be useful to understand how these variables interact.

抄録全体を表示

The test driven development is introduced to overcome the difficulty of the refinement and the maintenance of the code that is the problem of object-oriented development by the script. We propose the design specification to be expressed as the test code during the development.

抄録全体を表示

4 species of Cladocera belonging to the genus Moinodaphnia and Moina are described and figured. Moinodaphnia macleayii KING is newly recorded in Japan.

抄録全体を表示

This paper we reports the diatom assemblages collected in Lake Kusyu-ko on Rebun Island, Hokkaido, in August 2005, A total 80 taxa, belonging to 29 genera were found from this lake. The dominant taxa and subdominant taxa were Epithemia adnata (62.4%) and Rhopalodia gibba var. ventricosa (13.3%) found in the sediment.

抄録全体を表示

The 4th ESUQ was held from August 21st to September 1st, 2006 at the University of Queensland, Australia. Thirteen students participated from Yokkaichi University with three students from Seigakuin University, Saitama prefecture. This school provided almost 30 lectures and three technical visits, through which the students became aware that Australia is beginning to pay attention to environmental conservation due to water shortage, acidic soil pollution to ocean and strong cyclones that damage northern Queensland rain forests.The students also became aware of the importance of the Cleaner Production because it saves energy and save resources making better economical condition not only socially but also in businesses.

抄録全体を表示