Nutrient run-off from land causes environmental problem due to the eutrophication of rivers, lakes or reservoirs. This run-off is considered to affect not only water quality but also sea bottom soil status in enclosed bay which have little exchange of sea water from the outer sea. This survey describes the accumulation of land-use and elevation data for the estimation of pollutant load from the watershed in Ago bay which is a typical enclosed bay in Japan.

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One of the methods for the recycling of waste, carbonization, is regarded as a useful technique, and many studies are now under way to better understand it. However, due to the high ash content, charcoal made from waste has very limited application usage, therefore, it is necessary to find a more useful way to utilize charcoal. In this paper, recent aspects of this technique, especially from the point of view of the recovering of resources such as phosphorus and heavy metals are reported.

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Suwa-ike (34° 11'N, 136° 20'E)is at an altitude of 2m above sea level, with a maximum depth of 6.5m and a mean depth of 3.0m. A total of 140 taxa among 31 genera were found in this lake, the dominant and subdominant species being Fragilaria construens, Eucyonema lunatum, and Tabellariafenestrata.

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The purpose of this paper is to study "due process" clause under The Constitution of Japan. Article 31.No person shall be deprived of life or liberty, nor shall any other criminal penalty be imposed, except according to procedure established by law.

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In this essay we consider Kakusho Tachibana's image of older people in the age of total war. Tachibana is the most famous researcher of this time. However, there has not been a study of Tachibana's works untill now. The aim is to explain the image of older people is clearly from his activities in yokuhukai in the age of total war

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This paper examines how cultural differences between teachers and students in online distance education contexts, if ignored, can lead to a variety of problems. Initially, online Distance Education courses were often designed for a known, fairly homogenous group of students from the same culture as the course designer, however, as online distance education has become more globalized, theorists have asked whether this evolving set of principles and practices are effective when used with students from other cultural backgrounds. Ignoring this question or merely posing it and not following it up with research, is the "error of omission" which I will discuss in this paper. From this general error of omission many smaller errors in application may follow, and the main body of this paper will look at the various ways that assumptions about effective practice in online distance education (mainly developed in Western counties) may turn out to be faulty when applied in educational contexts where learners from other cultural backgrounds study.

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Artificial or mediated audio-visual information has been increasing in present-day Japan. However, such information did not exist in the environment of the rain forests where human genes evolutionarily developed. It is a significant issue for the safety of media communication to investigate the physiological and psychological effects of artificial or mediated audio-visual information on the human brain, mind, and body.

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