The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology
Online ISSN : 1349-8037
Print ISSN : 0022-1260
ISSN-L : 0022-1260
Volume 34, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
  • TOSHIRO HAYASHI, RYO IOROI, NAOHIRO OHARA, MICHIO KOZAKI
    1988 Volume 34 Issue 3 Pages 213-219
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: August 18, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The dextransucrase produced by orange-colored Streptococcus bovis No. 148 isolated from bovine rumen was investigated. The enzyme was produced in both sucrose and glucose media. The enzyme prepared from the glucose medium was specifically adsorbed on various Sephadex gels. But that from the sucrose medium was not adsorbed. When the enzyme from the glucose medium was incubated with a certain dextran, it was no longer adsorbed on Sephadex. There was no saccharide in the enzyme produced in glucose medium.
    Download PDF (504K)
  • ROBERT MONTROCHER, MAURICE CLAISSE
    1988 Volume 34 Issue 3 Pages 221-232
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: August 18, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Whole-cell pastes of eight Candida species and their suggested teleomorph counterparts in the genera Pichia and Issatchenkia analyzed were spectrophotometrically. All of these yeasts, included in the two very closely related groups "krusei" and "norvegensis, " showed strong similarities in their low-temperature cytochrome absorption spectra, especially in two typical peaks, generally at 597-597.5nm and 605-606.5nm or in some cases at 593.5-594.5nm and 601.5-602nm, in the spectral region of the α maximum absorption of cytochrome aa3. In addition, the two species of each assumed pair of perfect and imperfect yeasts, I. orientalis/C. krusei, I.
    occidentalis/C. sorbosa, P. fermentans/C. lambica, P. nakasei/C. citrea or P. norvegensis/C. norvegensis were indistinguishable. Cytochrome spectra also indicated that I. terricola may no longer be considered a teleomorph of C. diversa.
    Download PDF (1031K)
  • BIJOY K. MOHANTY, AJIT K. MISHRA
    1988 Volume 34 Issue 3 Pages 233-241
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: August 18, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present investigations were undertaken to determine the effect of many physical and chemical factors on the silica solubilizing activity of a species of Bacillus. The bacteria, previously reported to release silica from magnesite ore, was found to do so at an optimum temperature of 37°C. Changing the temperature inhibited the silica release. An optimum shaking condition of 50-100 r.p.m. was suitable for maximum silica release. The best results were obtained with a medium containing ammonium sulfate, yeast extract among the nitrogen sources, disodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate as phosphate sources, magnesium sulfate and manganese sulfate as divalent cations. An incubation period of 8 days was favourable for maximum silica release by the microorganism.
    Download PDF (726K)
  • III. EFFECTS OF BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM STRAINS AND HERBICIDES IN NORTHEAST THAILAND
    REG M. N. KUCEY, PORPRIMOL CHAIWANAKUPT, PATOOM SNITWONGSE, BANYONG TO ...
    1988 Volume 34 Issue 3 Pages 243-253
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: August 18, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the infertile sandy soils of northeast Thailand, field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects on rates of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of inoculating soybeans with selected strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and adding herbicides. Inoculating soybean seeds with effective B. japonicum strains increased the acetylene reduction by nodulated root systems, and increased the nodule numbers and dry weights associated with soybean roots. The amounts of N2 fixed, as measured by N-15 isotope dilution methods, were also increased by adding the B. japonicum. Inoculation of soybeans with a nif- strain of B. japonicum resulted in increased nodule weights and numbers, but did not increase the acetylene reduction rates or the amounts of N2 fixed. There was a significant strain- cultivar interaction. Application of metolachlor, alachlor, fluazifop butyl or sethoxydim did not reduce the levels of N2 fixed by B. japonicum in association with soybeans, but paraquat did significantly reduce the N2 fixed by the inoculated plants.
    Download PDF (999K)
  • MINORU YABUKI, AKIRA UCHIYAMA, KUNIKO SUZUKI, AKIKAZU ANDO, TAKAAKI FU ...
    1988 Volume 34 Issue 3 Pages 255-270
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: August 18, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A chitosanase was concentrated from the culture broth of Bacillus circulans MH-K1 and was purified to homogeneity by CM-cellulose and gel permeation chromatography. The enzyme has a molecular weight of about 30, 000, its Km is 0.63mg chitosan/ml and its pI is 9.2. The maximum velocity of chitosan degradation by the enzyme was obtained at 50°C when pH was maintained at 6.5. The enzyme was stable within the range of 0-40°C and pH 4.0-9.0. p-Chloromercuribenzoate and the metal ions of Cu2+ Hg2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ inhibited the enzyme activity.
    The enzyme degraded chitosan, glycolchitosan and CM-chitosan, but β-1, 4-glucans such as chitin or its derivatives and CM-cellulose were not susceptible to the enzyme.
    The degree of deacetylation of chitosan significantly affected its susceptibility to the enzyme action. The most susceptible substrate was 80% deacetylated chitosan, and the substrates with less than 40% deacetylation were not affected by the enzyme. It is suggested that the presence of N-acetylglucosamine residues in the molecule of chitosan play an important role in the recognition of the substrate by the enzyme. The enzyme showed an endo-splitting type of activity, and the end product of chitosan degradation contained a mixture of the dimer and trimer of glucosamine. The smallest of the substrates was a tetramer of glucosamine.
    Download PDF (1773K)
  • MAKIKO HAMAMOTO, JUNTA SUGIYAMA, KAZUO KOMAGATA
    1988 Volume 34 Issue 3 Pages 271-278
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: August 18, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, and the chemotaxonomic data of Rhodosporidium infirmominiatum strains indicate a close relationship to the strains of the genus Cystofilobasidium in the Filobasidiaceae. Therefore, Rhodosporidium infirmominiatum is eclassified in the chemotaxonomically defined genus Cystofilobasidium, as Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum (Fell, Hunter et Tallman) Hamamoto, Sugiyama et Komagata comb. nov. which includes its anamorph taxa. Interrelations among Rhodosporidium, Rhodotorula, Cystofilobasidium,
    Mrakia, and Leucosporidium are discussed.
    Download PDF (723K)
  • MAKIKO HAMAMOTO, JUNTA SUGIYAMA, KAZUO KOMAGATA
    1988 Volume 34 Issue 3 Pages 279-287
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: August 18, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Rhodotorula hasegawae IFO 1058 (holotype) with the major ubiquinone system, Q-10(H2), produces the teleomorph from a single cell without
    mating. Its apparent life cycle is presented here. It is concluded that this fungus is related to the filobasidiaceous yeasts in the Basidiomycotina since it lacks probasidia (teliospores) and phragmobasidia bearing sessile basidiospores that are not forcibly discharged. Therefore, R. hasegawae is
    transferred to a new teleomorph-genus Erythrobasidium placed in the family Filobasidiaceae, as Erythrobasidium hasegawae (Yamada et Komagata) Hamamoto, Sugiyama et Komagata, comb. nov.
    Download PDF (1226K)
  • YUZO YAMADA, YASUYOSHI NAKAGAWA
    1988 Volume 34 Issue 3 Pages 289-295
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: August 18, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A taxonomic study below the generic or at the specific level was made of electrophoretic patterns of seven enzymes in 18 strains of the Q9-equipped Sporobolomyces and Bensingtonia species. The seven enzymes were glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, hexokinase, phosphoglucomutase, and fumarase. Seven species, S. intermedius, S. miscanthi, S. subroseus, S. yamatoanus, S. naganoensis, S. yuccicola, and S. phylladus, constituted clusters separate from each other (s=0 or 14%). The two strains of S. miscanthi showing identical electrophoretic enzyme patterns (s=100%) were linked to Sporobolomyces species NZ-3 with a similarity value of 29%. Within the five strains of S. yamatoanus examined, the type strain had a similarity value of 86% with one other strain. The remaining three strains whose similarity values were calculated as 100% and 57% were linked to the two strains including the type strain with a similarity value of 43%. The three strains of S. phylladus had identical electrophoretic enzyme patterns (s=100%). Sporobolomyces species NZ-24 had a separate cluster (s=0%). Sporobolomyces weijmanii was synonymous with S. intermedius (s=100%). Bensingtonia ciliata constituted its own cluster (s=0%). These data are discussed from the taxonomic point of view.
    Download PDF (651K)
  • ATSUKO UEKI, KATSUJI UEKI, KEIKO MATSUDA
    1988 Volume 34 Issue 3 Pages 297-301
    Published: 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: August 18, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (456K)
feedback
Top