The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology
Online ISSN : 1349-8037
Print ISSN : 0022-1260
ISSN-L : 0022-1260
Volume 59, Issue 2
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
Full Papers
  • Shin-ichiro Yokoyama, Yoshitomi Adachi, Shuichi Asakura, Erina Kohyama
    2013 Volume 59 Issue 2 Pages 89-95
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Bacterial strain possessing both bacteriostatic and fungistatic activity (biocontrol activity) against pathogens of cyclamen (Cyclamen sp.) was isolated from the soil in Gifu Prefecture, Japan, and characterized with respect to its taxonomic and biocontrol properties. The sequence of its 16S rRNA gene, morphology, biochemistry, and fatty acid composition demonstrated that it is a strain most closely related to Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. faecalis LMG 1229T. The isolate was named A. faecalis strain AD15. A. faecalis AD15 produced hydroxylamine at maximum yields of 33.3±1.7 mg/L after 16 h cultivation in LB medium and 19.0±0.44 mg/L after 19 h cultivation in synthetic medium. Moreover, minimum inhibitory concentrations of hydroxylamine against the cyclamen pathogens Pantoea agglomerans and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were 4.20±0.98 and 16.5±0.67 mg/L. These results indicated that the biocontrol activity of strain AD15 might be attributed to hydroxylamine, a metabolite in the culture medium, and it had the potential for biopesticide application.
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  • Ayman Al-Mariri, Ahed Abou Younes, Nagim-Eldin Sharabi
    2013 Volume 59 Issue 2 Pages 97-103
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The thermophilic streptococci are dominant members of the microflora of several types of cheese produced with a natural starter. A total of 205 isolates of thermophilic streptococci were obtained from 70 samples of white cheese which had been collected from producing areas of different regions of Syria during 2009 and 2010. The isolates were cocci gram positive and catalase negative. From these isolates, 120 were identified as Enterococcus spp. including: 72 isolates of E. faecium, 35 isolates of E. fecalis and 13 isolates of E. durans. In addition, 70 isolates were identified as Streptococcus including: 50 isolates of S. thermophilus, and 20 isolates of S. equines. Fifteen isolates of cocci grew at 45°C with spherical morphology, gram positive and catalase negative. The PCR technique could be efficiently used for identifying and typing the thermophilic streptococci.
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  • Genki Akanuma, Shota Suzuki, Koichi Yano, Hideaki Nanamiya, Yousuke Na ...
    2013 Volume 59 Issue 2 Pages 105-117
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Supplementary material
    We introduced single mutations into the rplC and rpsJ genes, which encode the essential ribosomal proteins L3 (RplC) and S10 (RpsJ), respectively, and are located in the S10 gene cluster of the gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis, and examined whether these mutations affected their growth rate, sporulation, competence development and 70S ribosome formation. Mutant cells harboring the G52D mutation in the L3 ribosomal protein, which is located at the peptidyl transferase center of 50S, accumulated 30S subunit at 45°C, probably due to a defect in 50S formation, and exhibited a reduction in the sporulation frequency at high temperature. On the other hand, mutant cells harboring the H56R mutation in the S10 protein, which is located near the aminoacyl-tRNA site of 30S, showed severe growth defect and deficiency in spore formation, and also exhibited significant delay in competence development.
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  • Laura Chiş, Monica Hriscu, Adriana Bica, Monica Toşa, Gergely Nagy, Ge ...
    2013 Volume 59 Issue 2 Pages 119-134
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A thermophilic strain producing an extracellular esterase/lipase was isolated from a hot spring in Tăşnad, Romania, and was identified phenotypically and by 16S rDNA sequencing as Anoxybacillus flavithermus (GenBank ID: JQ267733). The gene encoding the putative carboxyl esterase (GenBank ID: JX494348) was cloned by direct PCR amplification from genomic DNA. The protein, consisting of 246 amino acids and having a predicted molecular weight of 28.03 kDa, is encoded by an ORF of 741 bps. Expression was achieved in Escherichia coli and a recombinant protein with esterolytic activity and estimated molecular weight of 25 kDa was recovered and purified from the periplasmic fraction by IMAC. The purified enzyme, most active at 60−65°C and in the near-neutral range (pH 6.5−8), displayed a half-life at 60°C of about 5 h. Est/Lip displayed a relative tolerance to methanol, DMSO, acetonitrile, and low detergent concentrations (SDS, Triton) increased its thermostability. Highest activity was attained with p-nitrophenyl butyrate, but the enzyme was also able to hydrolyze long chain fatty acid esters, as well as triolein. The primary sequence and predicted tridimensional structure of the enzyme are very similar to those of other Anoxybacillus and Geobacillus carboxyl esterases in a distinct, recently described lipase family. Est/Lip was highly enantioselective, with preference for the (S)-enantiomer of substrates.
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  • Suwannee Khunthongpan, Chaiwut Bourneow, Aran H-Kittikun, Somboon Tana ...
    2013 Volume 59 Issue 2 Pages 135-140
    Published: 2013
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A novel strain of Enterobacter, C2361T, a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and facultative anaerobic bacterium with the capability to produce transglutaminase, was isolated from seafood processing wastewater collected from a treatment pond of a seafood factory in Songkhla Province, Thailand. Phylogenetic analyses and phenotypic characteristics, including chemotaxonomic characteristics, showed that the strain was a member of the genus Enterobacter. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain C2361T and Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae ATCC 13047T and Enterobacter cloacae subsp. dissolvens LMG 2683T were 97.5 and 97.5%, respectively. Strain C2361T showed a low DNA-DNA relatedness with the above-mentioned species. The major fatty acids were C16:0, C17:0cyclo and C14:0. The DNA G+C content was 53.0 mol%. On the basis of the polyphasic evidence gathered in this study, it should be classified as a novel species of the genus Enterobacter for which the name Enterobacter siamensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is C2361T (= KCTC 23282T = NBRC 107138T).
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