The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology
Online ISSN : 1349-8037
Print ISSN : 0022-1260
ISSN-L : 0022-1260
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Volume 61, Issue 3
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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  • Metagenomic analysis of soil fungal communities on Ulleungdo and Dokdo Islands
    Yoon-Jong Nam, Hyun Kim, Jin-Hyung Lee, Hyeokjun Yoon, Jong-Guk Kim
    2015 Volume 61 Issue 3 Pages 67-74
    Published: June 30, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: July 29, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.61.67
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Ulleungdo and Dokdo are volcanic islands that experience a characteristic marine climate, influenced by warm currents. The richness and diversity of the plant species, particularly vascular plants, are higher on Ulleungdo than on Dokdo. In contrast to the native plant life, little is known about the diversity of soil fungi living in the rhizosphere of these two islands. In this study, we utilized the barcoded pyrosequencing method to analyze rhizosphere soil fungi on Ulleungdo and Dokdo. In total, 768 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were analyzed from the Ulleungdo samples, while 640 OTUs and 382 OTUs were analyzed from the Dongdo and Seodo (islets of Dokdo) samples, respectively. Species richness was considerably higher in the Ulleungdo samples than in the Dongdo and Seodo samples, while there was little difference in species diversity between the samples. The taxonomic composition analyses demonstrated that members of the phylum Basidiomycota dominated the Ulleungdo samples, whereas members of the phylum Ascomycota were predominant in the Dokdo samples. Ectomycorrhizal fungi belonging to the phylum Basidiomycota, in particular, were more abundant in the Ulleungdo samples. This finding suggests that the difference in the abundance of the ectomycorrhizal fungi in the rhizospheres of Ulleungdo and Dokdo may have been affected by species richness and diversity of the vascular plants. Our study is the first detailed report of the composition of soil fungal communities on the Ulleungdo and Dokdo islands. In addition, our findings provide a basis for understanding the ecological interactions between plants and fungi.
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  • The kinetics of Escherichia coli B growth and bacteriophage T4 multiplication in SM-1 novel minimal culture medium
    Marta Sochocka, Tomasz Tomczyk, Maciej Sobczyński, Bożena Sz ...
    2015 Volume 61 Issue 3 Pages 75-81
    Published: June 30, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: July 29, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.61.75
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The aim of this study was to develop a minimal medium for the cultivation of Escherichia coli B, which could be especially suitable for the industrial propagation of bacteriophage T4. The new defined, minimal SM-1 culture medium, contains free amino acids as the only nitrogen source and enables the bacteria generation time to be prolonged and satisfactory phage titers to be achieved. The presence of organic ingredients, such as meat extracts, yeast hydrolysates, enzymatic protein hydrolysates, in a culture medium may cause problems in the case of bacteria or phage cultures for therapeutic purposes. In the present study, we introduce a new medium, together with some procedures and applications for its usage. We also present new kinetics of E. coli B growth. Some traits such as the lack of high molecular proteins, a bacterial growth comparable to that in a rich medium, and the cost effectiveness of the medium, makes it highly competitive with currently used microbiological media. The surprisingly high titers of bacteriophage T4 obtained in our experiments suggest that SM-1 medium has the potential to find a broad application in medicine, especially in infectious disease therapy, pharmacy and biotechnology.
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  • Trichopolyn VI: a new peptaibol insecticidal compound discovered using a recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae screening system
    Takuya Suga, Yukihiro Asami, Shohei Hashimoto, Kenichi Nonaka, Masato ...
    2015 Volume 61 Issue 3 Pages 82-87
    Published: June 30, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: July 29, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2323/jgam.61.82
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In the course of searching for insecticides from soil microorganisms, we found that a fermentation broth of the fungus, Trichoderma brevicompactum FKI-6324, produced Trichopolyn VI, a new peptaibol, which possessed significant insecticidal potential. Spectroscopic analysis showed the compound to be a new trichopolyn I derivative. This paper describes the isolation, structure elucidation and biological activity of trichopolyn VI.
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