Indra _??__??__??_is the ruler on the summit of Mt. Sumeru _??__??__??_. He lives in his city Sudarsana _??__??__??_ at the center of the summit. The city is the most circumstantially and systematically depicted in the scripture Foshuo-lishiapitanlun _??__??__??__??__??__??__??__??_, which was translated into Chinese in 559 CE by the Indian monk, Zhendi _??__??_(499-569 CE), and which can be regarded as one of the scriptures containing the most precise and systematic explanations of cities and their gardens in the Indian Buddhist world. Analyzing and interpreting the scripture, this paper illustrates that the city is square and has a splendid building serving as an assembly hall and has many beautiful gardens with sguare ponds as the main design element but neither artifical islands nor artificial mountains, unlike in the case of the East Asian traditional gardens.

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Soswaewon is a separated house('Byolso) which was composed as secluded life of Yang San-bo(1503-1557, Soswaegong).In 1528 the first garden of Soswaewon was constructed and the whole shape of the garden completed in 1548 when “Soswaewon 48songs(a poem)” was written. In constructing of Soswaewon, there were not only Soswaegong himself but also his son Ynag Ja-jing and help from many Confucian including his friend Kim In-hoo. It was made use of as a place of social life and the meeting with Confucian But Soswaewon was destroyed in 1598 and later it was reconstructed by the third generation Yang Choen-wun in the shape of present Soswaewon. The space structure of Soswaewon was garden composed on the both sides of the valley. It was made up of ‘Daebong-dae Space’ reflected the thought of a constructer who was waiting for a peacefulreign, ‘Gwangpung-gak’ whichw as realized a utopian valley -an ideal land of‘Do Yon-myong’-and the space around it, finally ‘Gwangpung-gak’ and ‘Jewol-dang’ which was named out of respect for ‘Ju Don-hee’. Like this Soswaewon was represented in concrete form on the ideal land of Confucian's( Utopia). Thes tructure methods of the garden are a terrace garden using slope sides, the space of planting in s slope, to use the rock bed of a mountain stream as a place of a meeting and elegance, to build a pierced fence in the bottom in order to draw a mountains tream into the garden space directly, and to build a waterfalld rain so as to draw water. These methods are unique characteristics of Soswaewont hat is different from other gardens.

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