Journal of geomagnetism and geoelectricity
Online ISSN : 2185-5765
Print ISSN : 0022-1392
ISSN-L : 0022-1392
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Volume 19, Issue 4
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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  • Relation between Sunspot Number and Charged Particle Density in the Upper Ionosphere
    Kunio HIRAO, Shigeru MIYAZAKI
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 261-265
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.261
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    Recently, the profiles of charged particle density in the top-side ionosphere have been measured by satellites and rockets including the Japanese sounding rocket Lambda. As charged particle density is controlled by solar activity, the relation between their quantities is investigated by means of plasma frequency and sunspot number. The result is that this relation may be expressed as the function of plasma temperature and ion composition at 400km.
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  • Irregular Type Sporadic-E Observed by Rocket Borne Gyro-Plasma Probe at a Temperate Latitude
    Hiroshi OYA
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 267-272
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.267
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    By a gyro-plasma probe experiment on board K-9M-21 rocket the micro-structure of the electron density profile has been measured within an error of ±3%. Irregularity of the electron density fluctuating within ±20% of its average has been detected in altitude ranges of 100km-103km and 115km-120km independent of the wake effect of the vehicle motion. This irregularity is identified with the radio scattering source of diffuse type sporadic-E on the ionogram obtained during the rocket flight.
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  • New Emission Mechanism of Oxygen Green Line λ5577 in a Glow Discharge
    Kunihiko WATADANI
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 273-279
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.273
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    Experimental conditions under which the forbidden line of oxygen atom, λ5577, is emitted in a low pressure glow discharge tube containing a mixture of argon and oxygen gas, have been studied. Examining the pattern of the intensity variation of the line, according to the total pressure and the mixing percent of oxygen, it was proposed that the exciting mechanism of the state O(1S0) may be classified into two types: A) high pressure and low oxygen percentage type and B) low pressure and high oxygen percentage type. The main process of the type A mechanism is inferred to be
    O+(4S)+e→O(1P°)→O(1S0)+hν(λ 1218),
    where the metastable argon atoms are supposed to be acting as powerful sources of the atomic ions O+(4S). The type B mechanism is supposed to be the one suggested by McLennan, that is,
    A(3P2)+O2(x3Σ-g)→A(1S0)+O(1S0)+O(1D2)+0.26ev.
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  • Current Moments at ELF of Lightning Discharges Associated with a Mature Tropical Hurricane
    H. G. HUGHES
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 281-287
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.281
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    The mean spectrum of negative polarity ‘slow tail’ ELF atmospherics received during daytime from the area of a distant mature tropical storm (Hurricane Blanca, August 1966) is presented. The mean amplitude spectrum is used with established attenuation rates to calculate from zero-order mode theory the mean current moment associated with the waveform sources. It is suggested that the waveforms may be greatly controlled by intracloud lightning discharges associated with the degree of vertical development of the hurricane.
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  • Effects of Thunderstorms and Earthquakes on the Hyderabad Magnetographs
    B. J. SRIVASTAVA
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 289-295
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.289
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    Effects of nearby thunderstorms and earthquakes recorded on the Hyderabad magnetograms during the period January 1, 1965, to June 30, 1966, are discussed in the light of available literature.
    The thunderstorm effect caused by the magnetic field of the lightning discharge currents appears as a sudden change (kick) of 2-10γ in H or D or both and sometimes 1-2γ in Z also which is followed by very rapid oscillations decaying exponentially in 2-5 minutes.
    Earthquakes of moderate and great intensity with epicentres in India and its neighbourhood produce characteristic effects on the Hyderabad magnetograms (H, D and Z). The oscillations grow to a maximum of about 30γ in the middle of the effect and then die off gradually over 15-20 minutes. Sometimes the arrivals of seismic body waves P and S and the Rayleigh surface waves LR are clearly seen in the effects recorded on the magnetograms, indicating that the response of the variometers to earthquakes is primarily mechanical. However, a small amount of magnetic effect due to piezomagnetic fluctuations in the rocks underneath the observatory at the time of passage of earthquake waves seems to be inseparably mixed with the mechanical effect.
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  • Universal Aspects of Atmospheric Electricity
    G. W. PALTRIDGE
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 297-305
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.297
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    An analysis of the more universal aspects of atmospheric electricity is carried out. The simple mathematical treatment dispenses with the well established concept of a spherical condenser, and replaces it with the simpler and more physically acceptable picture of an earth immersed in a medium whose electrical conductivity increases exponentially with altitude to infinity. The effects of various large and small scale perturbations of this simple model are considered.
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  • Balloon Measurement of Atmospheric Electric Potential Gradient
    Toshio OGAWA, Yoshikazu TANAKA
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 307-315
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.307
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    On September 20, 1966 the potential gradient was measured in the altitude range of 5km to 25km over the Pacific Ocean from the coast to about 100km ESE of Honshu Island, giving the values of 9V/m to 0.7V/m. The electric field sonde consists of a pair of field antenna suspended 55m below a plastic balloon of 1000m3. The field antenna consists of a steel wire 5m in length, hanging a hollow copper sphere 30cm in diameter. The potential difference between the two antennas was measured. The result was compared with the vertical profile deduced from the conductivity-altitude profile with a constant vertical current density, both experimental and theoretical. The present measured profile is in good agreement with Gish's profile in the altitude range of 10km to 22km. Comparing the measured profiles of both Gish's and ours with the theoretical one, the decreasing rate of the former with altitude was found to be smaller than the latter, even considering the effects of the geomagnetic latitude concerned, and UT variation. Small scale changes of the measured potential gradient were compared with those of atmospheric temperature which were measured on the same electric field sonde. There were good correlations between both the changes. Near the temperature inversions the potential gradient showed very clear inverse phase changes suggesting strong concentrations of dust particles.
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  • Suggested Rotation of New Guinea
    Ronald GREEN, R. P. B. PITT
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 317-321
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.317
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    Palaeomagnetic sampling has been carried out at eight sites in New Guinea. The magnetic stability has been verified by a. c. washing. The results give an increase in westerly declination with age, stretching back as far as the Cretaceous. The rotation of New Guinea during the Tertiary is suggested.
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  • Thermal Changes in the Magnetic Properties of an Anomalously Magnetic Mineral
    Vladimír Kropácek
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 323-334
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.323
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    The paper decribes influences of thermal treatment of a complex natural mineral from the Magnet Cove on its magnetic properties. This mineral is characterized by an anomalously high magnetization. Its thermal dependence, specific remanent magnetization and its stability were studied in detail on this mineral. These studies resulted in the definition of some characteristics of the NRM.
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  • A Proposed Model for the International Geomagnetic Reference Field-1965
    Joseph C. CAIN, Shirley J. HENDRICKS, Robert A. LANGEL, William V. HUD ...
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 335-355
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.335
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    A best current model of the main geomagnetic field is presented as a response to a need for an “International Geomagnetic Reference Field”. This model is described by a series of 120 spherical harmonic coefficients and their first and second time derivatives from an epoch 1960.0. It was derived from a sample of all magnetic survey data available from the interval 1900-1964 plus a recent global distribution of preliminary total field observations from the OGO-2 (1965-81A) spacecraft for epoch 1965.8. A duplicate data selection was made and the resulting field model compared with the first to help evaluate the minimum error. It was noted that the root —mean—square difference between the two models was about 30γ in the force components, 0.04 degrees in dip and 0.3 degrees in declination at the earth's surface for 1965.0.
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  • Paleomagnetism of Pliocene Basalts from the Southwestern U. S. A.
    Masaru KONO, Kazuo KOBAYASHI, Minoru OZIMA, Hajimu KINOSHITA, Takesi N ...
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 357-375
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.357
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    Late Pliocene basaltic lavas in New Mexico and Arizona are investigated paleomagnetically and petrographically. Detailed studies did not indicate any systematic difference in the magnetic or petrographic properties between normal and reversed rocks. Other evidence supports the idea of field reversals. The virtual geomagnetic poles determined from these lavas are grouped about the present geographic pole, which is in agreement with the paleomagnetic results for Pliocene rocks from other regions.
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  • Worldwide Simultaneity of Occurrence of a Q-type ELF Burst in the Schumann Resonance Frequency Range
    T. OGAWA, Y. TANAKA, M. YASUHARA, A. C. FRASER-SMITH, R. GENDRIN
    1967 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 377-384
    Published: December 30, 1967
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.19.377
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