This catalog lists all names of genera and species of Hepaticae and Anthocerotae described or reported from Japan, based on literature up to the end of December 2004. The catalog comprises 612 species in 134 genera of Hepaticae and 17 species in 6 genera of Anthocerotae, listed in alphabetical order. Each valid epithet is followed by author citation, literature, distributional area in Japan, and Japanese name.

  An updated checklist of mosses of the island Borneo is presented. All records from previous literature up to the middle of 2005 are compiled with information on the synonymy, type, and locality. Type information is provided for taxa originarlly reported from Borneo. This new checklist is composed of 721 species, subspecies, varieties, and forms, representing 185 genera and 50 families. Distichophyllum scabrisetum is newly synonymized with D. malayense. One new combination is proposed: Fissidens crispulus Brid. var. fontanus (M.Fleisch.) M.Suleim., H.Akiyama & B.C.Tan. Ectroptothecium neoperrevolutum (Broth.) M.Suleim., H.Akiyama & B.C.Tan is proposed as a new name to replace Ectroptothecium perrevolutum Broth.

  Based on previous molecular research and on personal morphological observations, Nephelolejeunea Grolle is merged with the genus Austrolejeunea (R.M. Schust.) R.M. Schust., due to the transitional occurrence of distinguishing characters in both genera and due to the close relationship among their species. New combinations: Austrolejeunea talinayi (S. Arnell) Pócs, Austrolejeunea conchophylla (Grolle) Pócs, Austrolejeunea hamata (Grolle) Pócs and Austrolejeunea papillosa (D. Glenny) Pócs. Austrolejeunea occidentalis Pócs, sp. nov. is described from the south-western corner of Australia, where it seems to be a widespread corticolous epiphyte of tall Eucalyptus forests and of mountain bushes. New records of Austrolejeunea bidentata B. Thiers and of Siphonolejeunea elegantissima (Steph.) Grolle. Distribution of all Australasian species of the former subfamily “Tuyamaelloideae” is mapped.

  Bazzania exempta Engel, a new member of the Lepidoziaceae, is described and illustrated from New Zealand. The species belongs to a new section, B. sect. Exemptae Engel. Bazzania sect. Protobazzania Engel is described as a new section for B. involuta (Mont.) Trev.

  A revision of Radula in the South Pacific is presented. Twenty four species are recognized: R. acuta Mitt., R. amentulosa Mitt., R. decurrens Mitt., R.farmeri Pearson, R. fissifolia Steph., R.formosa (Meissn. ex Spreng.) Nees, R. iwatsukiana K.Yamada, R.javanica Gottsche, R. kitagawae K.Yamada, R. lacerata Steph., R. longispica Steph., R. nigra Pearson, R. novocaledonica Hürl. & K.Yamada, R. novocaledoniensis K.Yamada, R. nymanii Steph., R. parvitexta Steph., R. reflexa Nees & Mont., R. rhombiloba Steph., R. retroflexa Taylor, R. rupicola K. Yamada. R. scariosa Mitt., R. tjibodensis Goebel, R. ventricosa Steph., and R. vieillardii Steph. Photomicrographs of the ventral view of the plants are given for all species in this region. A key to the species in the region is provided.

  Heterologous hybridization was carried out with an Arabidopsis macroarray and cDNAs synthesized from total RNAs of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha and the moss Physcomitrella patens. Total RNA isolated from A. thaliana plants was also used. The macroarray contained 5,760 Arabidopsis ESTs, corresponding to 4,372 genes. Intra- and inter-filter variations showed less than 2-fold range for almost all of the spots. Genes numbering 1,647 (37.7%), 1,427 (32.6%), and 1,217 (27.8%) had hybridization signals with intensities three-fold greater than that of λ DNA (negative control), and were thus defined as expressed in A. thaliana plants, M. polymorpha thalli, and P. patens protonemata, respectively. Seventy-nine percent of the genes expressed in M. polymorpha were also expressed in P. patens. Overall, the three species had 763 expressed genes in common. Twenty-five co-expressed genes were chosen, based on their high expression levels in M. polymorpha, and 17 in P. patens EST clones related to these genes were identified, each showing more than 60% identity with the corresponding A. thaliana gene at the nucleotide level. Three hundred and sixty three genes were detected in bryophytes but not in A. thaliana. Of the 25 highly expressed bryophyte-specific genes, 14 had the P. patens EST homologs with greater than 60% identity to an A. thaliana gene. These results suggest that hybridization of Arabidopsis macroarrays with heterologous cDNA is a useful tool for gene expression profiling of distantly related plant species such as bryophytes.

  Heterologous hybridization was carried out with a 5.8-k Arabidopsis cDNA macroarray and cDNA synthesized from total RNA of cultured cells of the liverwort, Marchantia polymorpha. Total RNA from Arabidopsis thaliana cells was also hybridized with the macroarray for comparison. Genes with signal intensities three-fold greater than that of λ DNA (negative control) were defined as the expressed genes. The gene expression profiles of cultured cells of A. thaliana and M. polymorpha were compared with those of whole A. thaliana plants and M. polymorpha thalli, respectively. About 50% of the expressed genes of A. thaliana showed cell-type-specific expression patterns. In contrast, the gene expression profile of cultured cells of M. polymorpha was similar to that of the thalli. A comparison of the gene expression profiles of both types of cultured cells had identified, among the genes expressed in both A. thaliana plants and M. polymorpha thalli, 110 genes that were expressed in cultured cells of M. polymorpha, but not in suspension cultures of A. thaliana. Ten of these genes were selected and the corresponding A. thaliana genes were isolated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Northern hybridization with the 10 Arabidopsis genes demonstrated that all of the genes were expressed in cultured cells of M. polymorpha and in whole plants of both species, but none was detectably expressed in cultured cells of A. thaliana, confirming the results of the macroarray analysis. These results suggest that hybridization of Arabidopsis macroarrays with cDNAs of a bryophyte can be used to screen for novel genes that are expressed under specific conditions, such as in suspension cultures.

  All Trematodon species described from Japan were critically studied. Trematodon semitortidens Sakurai is reduced to the synonymy of T. ambiguus (Hedw.) Hornsch. which is widely distributed in Europe, N. America and Asia. Trematodon asanoi Tuzibe which was once erroneously reduced to the synonymy of T. semitortidens Sakurai is recognized as a good species. Trematodon hakusanensis H.Akiyama is reduced to T. ambiguus (Hedw.) Hornsch., and T. brevicarpus H.Akiyama to T. asanoi Tuzibe, respectively. Examination of the type specimen of Trematodon boasii Schofield resulted in the conclusion that the species is identical to T. asanoi Tuzibe. Following these treatments, four species of Trematodon are recognized in Japan. A key to Japanese species of Trematodon is given. Descriptions, illustrations and distribution of Trematodon ambiguus (Hedw.) Hornsch. and T. asanoi Tuzibe are provided.

  Sciuro-hypnum uncinifolium (Broth. & Par.) Ochyra & Żarnowiec (=Brachythecium uncinifolium Broth. & Par.) was for a long time considered to be an endemic of Japan. Recently it was confirmed to be in China, and now we report it also from Kamchatka Peninsula in Russian Far East. Description and comparison with some other species of the genus are provided.

  This paper reports on the first national red list of Chinese endangered bryophytes which was approved by a special workshop on conservation of biodiversity of Chinese bryophytes held in Shanghai in December of 2004. The list consists of 82 species (50 mosses, 31 liverworts and one hornwort) in 73 genera and 41 families. Of these, 36 are classified as critically endangered (CR), 29 as endangered (EN) and 17 as vulnerable species (VU), following a modified set of IUCN/IAB criteria. A list with detailed information of distribution in China, habitat, threats, and related references is presented also.

  This work detected differing PS II photochemical efficiency within algal symbionts of the lithic lichens Umbilicaria americana, U. mammulata and U. muehlenbergii in relation to higher irradiances present among unmanipulated cliff microenvironments. Potential quantum yield of photosystem II, measured as F_V/F_M, decreased significantly with increased light intensities from shaded to full sun umbilicate populations. Observed lower recoveries within high - light microclimate samples, as compared to shaded microclimates, were consistent with permanent damage to photosystem II. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total carotenoid concentrations were less useful parameters for assessment of consistent differences among umbilicate thalli growing under different light regimes.

  32 lichen species are reported from Bolivia, 21 of which are new to the country: Aspidothelium cinerascens Vain., Bunodophoron melanocarpum (Sw.) Wedin, Cystocoleus ebeneus (Dillwyn) Thwaites, Dibaeis absoluta (Tuck.) Kalb & Gierl, Dictyonema minus Lücking, Navarro & Sipman, Endocarpon simplicatum (Nyl.) Nyl. var. bisporum McCarthy, Glyphis cicatricosa Ach., Graphis illinata Eschw., G. miniata Redgr., Leprocaulon arbuscula (Nyl.) Nyl., L. gracilescens (Nyl.) Lamb & Ward, Phaeographopis neotropica Kalb, Placidium squamulosum (Ach.) Breuss var. argentinum (Räsänen) Breuss, Placynthiella icmalea (Ach.) Coppins & P. James, P. uliginosa (Schrad.) Coppins & P. James, Pseudephebe pubescens (L.) M. Choisy, Sarcographa cinchonarum Fée, Toninia auriculata Timdal, T. hosseusiana Gyeln., T. tristis (Th. Fr.) Th. Fr. ssp. asiae-centralis (H. Magn.) Timdal and Trapeliopsis fiexuosa (Fr.) Coppins & P. James. Of these taxa, Endocarpon simplicatum (Nyl.) Nyl. var. bisporum McCarthy, Phaeographopis neotropica Kalb and Trapeliopsis flexuosa (Fr.) Coppins & P. James are new to South America.

  The liverwort genus Nipponolejeunea is morphologically intermediate between the genus Jubula and the family Lejeuneaceae. It has been assigned to the Lejeuneaceae especially because of the ventral leaf lobe, which forms a pocket-like “water sac” similar to that found in all Lejeuneaceae. Jubula, by contrast, has a helmet-shaped ventral lobe. Recent molecular analyses have, however, suggested that phylogenetically Nipponolejeunea is much closer to Jubula than to Lejeuneaceae. The taxonomic position of Nipponolejeunea was studied here using morphological and molecular data from three genomic regions: rbcL and trnL from the chloroplast and ITS2 from the nucleus. The morphological matrix contains 25 characters. The data was analyzed both with direct optimization and with static alignment using parsimony as an optimality criterion as well as with Bayesian inference. Analyses of all data and molecular data alone resulted in similar hypotheses, resolving Nipponolejeunea as a sister group to Jubula. The morphological data alone place Nipponolejeunea as sister group to Lejeuneaceae. On the basis of the combined analysis, the genus Nipponolejeunea should be included in the family Jubulaceae. The Lejeuneaceae-type lobule in Nipponolejeunea may be a paedomorphic character, since both the genera Jubula and Frullania produce Lejeuneaceae-type lobules at the juvenile stage.