Journal of Human Ergology
Online ISSN : 1884-3964
Print ISSN : 0300-8134
ISSN-L : 0300-8134
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Volume 39, Issue 1
No.1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Originals
  • EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF VIEWING DISTANCE ON VISUAL FATIGUE IN A HOME VIEWING ENVIRONMENT
    KIYOMI SAKAMOTO, SHOICHI AOYAMA, SHIGEO ASAHARA, KUNIKO YAMASHITA, AKI ...
    2010 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 1-13
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11183/jhe.39.1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The authors report here the results of evaluation experiments designed to explore the effect of viewing distance on visual fatigue. Two kinds of visual content (normal content and content likely to cause visual fatigue) were used by means of physiological measurements of subject responses while viewing a 42-inch PDP display, followed by psychological evaluations in the form of post-experiment interviews. Both experiments showed that visual fatigue reached a minimum at a distance of 3 to 4 times the height of the display (3・H; 165 cm・20 cm) and that sympathetic nerve activity peaked at around 3H. These results indicate that the ideal viewing distance for minimal visual fatigue and a closer feeling of involvement might be at around 3H.
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  • AN EYE MOVEMENT STUDY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF SUITABLE FONT CHARACTERS FOR PRESENTATION ON A COMPUTER SCREEN
    JAYEETA BANERJEE, DHURJATI MAJUMDAR, DEEPTI MAJUMDAR, MADHU SUDAN PAL
    2010 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 15-21
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11183/jhe.39.15
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    We are experiencing a shifting of media: from the printed paper to the computer screen. This transition is modifying the process of how we read and understand a text. It is very difficult to conclude on suitability of font characters based upon subjective evaluation method only. Present study evaluates the effect of font type on human cognitive workload during perception of individual alphabets on a computer screen. Twenty six young subjects volunteered for this study. Here, subjects have been shown individual characters of different font types and their eye movements have been recorded. A binocular eye movement recorder was used for eye movement recording. The results showed that different eye movement parameters such as pupil diameter, number of fixations, fixation duration were less for font type Verdana. The present study recommends the use of font type Verdana for presentation of individual alphabets on various electronic displays in order to reduce cognitive workload.
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  • THE USAGE OF CELL PHONES AND THE FEELING TO THEM IN MODERN JAPANESE COLLEGE STUDENTS
    MAYUMI SATO
    2010 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 23-33
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11183/jhe.39.23
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    The aim of this study is to investigate how and to what extent modern people’s life is affected by cell phones, which have been rapidly penetrating into the people’s individual life. Surveys were conducted by questionnaires to Japanese college students (288 females and 54 males, ages 18 to 21) about their dependency on cell phones and habits of using them. The result was analyzed by the KJ method extracting the typical feelings about cell phones. Forty typical feelings were rated by 5 levels and analyzed in relation to the using years and the frequency per day. About 20% of the students used cell phones more than 30 times a day and for more than 3 hours in average per day. A decisive point concerning the users’ dependency on cell phones seemed to exist between the daily use of 30 times and 40 times. At the same time, female students appeared more dependent on cell phones. Those feelings were classified into 6 groups; being ‘dependent’ on cell phones, regarding cellphones as ‘important’, ‘necessary’, ‘convenient’, just a ‘method’ of communication, and ‘troublesome’. The percentages of those who felt cell phones as convenient, a method, important and necessary were high both in males and females. The dependence on cellphones seemed to be affirmative in both sexes, but males consistently felt cell phones as methods, whereas females tended to be more dependent on them from psychological reasons. Consequently, there were observed some differences between males and females in their use and feelings to cell phones.
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  • AN ERGONOMIC STUDY ON TEENAGE GIRLS WORKING IN THE MANUAL BRICK MANUFACTURING UNITS IN THE UNORGANIZED SECTORS IN WEST BENGAL, INDIA
    SUBHASHIS SAHU, MOUMITAI SETT, SOMNATH GANGOPADHYAY
    2010 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 35-44
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11183/jhe.39.35
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    There are laws which protect and prevent the teenage girls from working. But still in the developing countries like India, Bangladesh, etc. teenage girls coming from low socio-economic background work, to add to the family income. There is dearth of data regarding the ergonomic studies of the teenage girls working in the manual brick manufacturing units of the unorganized sectors in India. Therefore, a field study was conducted in about four brick manufacturing units of West Bengal, India. Their job in these fields was to carry 8-10 unbaked and sun-dried bricks (49.11 ± 2.13 Kg) from the brick field to the kiln-top and again carry the baked bricks back from the kiln to some other corner of the brick field, under the hot sun. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating their work load and their consequent work-related health effects. Results show that 86 % of them suffered from work-related pain in different body parts and there was an increase in their physiological and psychological parameters after work. It is concluded that the frequent use of awkward postures while at work (OWAS) and performing heavy to moderate types of tasks in the field are deteriorating their health conditions.
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Communications
  • RELATIONSHIP OF LOW LEAN BODY MASS WITH BODY WEIGHT INCREASE UNTIL ONE YEAR OF AGE AND CURRENT LIFESTYLES IN JAPANESE YOUNG WOMEN
    SHOJI MIYAMOTO, KENTA MUROTANI, TAKASHI YANAGAWA, ATSUSHI KATO, SATOSH ...
    2010 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 45-51
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11183/jhe.39.45
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    To investigate factors affecting the low lean body mass (LBM) of young women, we focused on the increase in body weight until one year of age and current lifestyles. In 442 young women, the increase in body weight from birth until one year of age, breast-feeding method in infancy, current physique index and body composition, and physique and lifestyles were investigated using a questionnaire. Subjects with an LBM percentile of less than 33.3 (less than 36.8 kg) were classified as having a low LBM (n=150), and those with a 33.3 or higher LBM percentile as the control (n=293). Based on body weight changes from birth to days 3 and 7, the subjects were divided into a rapid weight gain group and two non-rapid weight gain groups (groups 1-3). To analyze factors involved in a low LBM, multivariate analysis using a logistic model was employed. The prevalence of a low LBM in the rapid weight gain group was 0.41 times higher than in the others. The prevalence of a low LBM with a low birth weight was 0.58 times higher, indicating that a low birth weight is likely to result in a low LBM. Regarding the lifestyles, the prevalence of a low LBM in subjects with a current breakfasting habit was 0.60 times higher than in those without one. These findings suggest that the thinness of young women characterized by a low LBM is associated with the increase in body weight until one year of age and current lifestyles.
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  • SURVEY OF BODY PART SYMPTOMS AMONG WORKERS IN A CAR TYRE SERVICE CENTRE
    MOHD NASRULL ABD RAHMAN, FAIEZA ABDUL AZIZ, ROSNAH MOHD YUSUFF
    2010 Volume 39 Issue 1 Pages 53-56
    Published: 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: October 28, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11183/jhe.39.53
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of body part symptoms and sources of injury/discomfort among workers in a car tyre service centre. Questionnaire survey and interview session were used to identify the level of body discomfort areas and sources of injury or discomfort. From questionnaire survey findings, 12 of respondents have body discomfort in the neck (66.7%), shoulder (83.3%), elbow/forearm (75%), hand/wrist (91.7%), knee (58.3%), lower leg (75%), ankle/foot (33%) and lower back (30%). The main sources of injury/discomfort in the workplace were poor body posture (75%), bending the back (75%), highly repetitive motions (75%), lifting heavy objects (83.3%), the long-term standing (66.7%), long-term squatting (58.3%), bending the neck (66.7%) and high hand force (58.3%). About 50% reported that poor workplace design also contributed to injury while 41.7% mentioned the use of hand tools. To address modifying the ergonomic hazards, engineering controls and administrative controls can be used. The study will be useful to ergonomists, researchers, consultants, workshop managers, maintenance workers and others concerned with identifying body part symptoms and sources of injury/discomfort at the workplace.
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