The effect of sesame seed (with negligible amounts of α-tocopherol and about 25 mgγ-tocopherol/100 g sesame seed) on tocopherol concentrations in the plasma and tissues wasstudied in rats fed diets contained 10 (low), 50 (normal), or 250 (high) mg a-tocopherol/kg diet with or without 20% sesame seed for 8 weeks.
The concentrations of a-tocopherol in the plasma and tissues showed a progressive increase paralleling the a-tocopherol contents in the diets. Sesame seed caused a marked increase of a-tocopherol in the plasma and tissues of rats fed any amount of a-tocopherol. However, γ-tocopherol was found only in the low a-tocopherol + sesame seed-fed group, and not in thenormal or high a-tocopherol + sesame seed-fed group. Furthermore, a-tocopherol concentration in plasma lipoprotein fractions was high in the VLDL and HDL and in liver cell fractions was high in the microsome. A significantly higher concentration of a-tocopherol was observed in each fraction of the sesame seed-fed groups in comparison with the control groups. These results indicate that sesame seed causes a marked increase of a-tocopherol concentration in rats fed an α-tocopherol containing diet with sesame seed.

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Changes in sugar components, acidity, pH and coloration during aging of Ume (Japanese apricot, Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) liqueur stored at 30°C or room temperature were followed for 1 year, and results described below were obtained.
1) Only the dissolution of solid sucrose took place until 4 days after mixing of fruit, candy sugar and Shochu, leading a rapid increase in total sugar content in liquid phase, and no inversionof sucrose was recognized.
2) The inversion of sucrose began 4 days after mixing owing to the increase in acidity, which was caused by the extraction of citric acid from the fruit. The inversion proceeded rapidly from 10 to 90 days after mixing, and proceeded slowly thereafter to reach completion after about 200 days.
3) The acidity (expressed in ml of 0.1 N NaOH required to neutralize 10 ml liqueur) was 6.1 and 4.4 immediately after mixing in samples stored at 30 °C and room temperature, respectively, and increased rapidly to reach 20.0 and 19.6, respectively, after 30 days. The values increased slowly thereafter to reach 25. 4 and 21. 6, respectively, after 365 days.
4) The pH of the liquid was about 3. 2 at first, which was dropped to 3. 0 after 4 days, and no appreciable change was observed at the later stage of aging.
5) The coloration of the liquid increased linearly with time even after the completion of sucrose inversion, probably due to amino-carbonyl reaction between sugars and amino com-pounds extracted from the fruit.
The course of aging of Ume (Japanese apricot) liqueur was discussed on the basis of above results.

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Ume fruits salted with various hardenings such as calcium hydroxide, calcium lactate, calcium carbonate and calcium oxide were investigated with regard to their properties (yield, hardness, sodium chloride, total acid and calcium content, color and pectin composition). After seasoning, these salted ume fruits were investigated by sensory evaluation on hardness.
The properties of salted ume fruits were influenced by hardenings. Ume fruits salted with calcium hydroxide, calcium lactate and calcium oxide kept high yield and hardness, and the concentrations of salt were equal to those of brining solutions. However, the yield and hardness of ume fruits salted with calcium carbonate were low and the concentration of salt was lower than that of the brining solution. Moreover a shrinkage of the flesh was observed after brining. The water-soluble pectin of ume fruits which kept hardness decreased to a half of that of fresh ume, while it increased to twice that in softened ume.
The hardness of ume was evaluated according to a 5-level numerical scale by three groups such as salted ume makers, researchers on food and students, and was investigated by analysis of variance. The discrimination ability on hardness of ume fruits was different depending on the group, and the order was makers > researchers > students. A high correlation (r= 0.997) between the scale of hardness obtained using Scheffe's test and the hardness measured by a rheometer was recognized.

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When the whiteness of a fabric is measured, the test piece used generally piles up with two or three sheets of fabric. However, the reason for this piling remains unclear.
This paper examines the effect of the number of piled up fabrics of a test piece on its apparent reflectivity, which is closely connected to its whiteness, using an analytical model. Eight plain weave fabrics provided by Nakao Filter Co. Ltd. were prepared as samples. They were undyed and made of different fiber species. Using a color analyzer model CA-35, produced by Murakami Color Laboratory Co. Ltd., the reflectional spectra of the test pieces in the visible light range were measured as a function of the number of piled fabrics.
The results showed that the apparent reflectivity of test pieces increased as the number of piled up fabrics increased, then gradually tended to saturate for all wave lengths, with faster saturation rates being observed for lower wave lengths and violet colors. Experimental data were further analyzed under a simplified assumption of the optical behavior of fabric layered into a test piece. Thus, characteristic coefficients of reflection and transparency were estimated for each sample. Previous values ranged from about 40% to 50%, while later values were about 90%. Moreover, it seemed that the characteristics of reflection were determined by two components; one might be from the surface area of a fabric, the other from its interior.

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Physical properties of deaerated water such as permeability into textile fabrics and surface tension were measured carefully using the deaerated water produced by a new technology which uses hollow fibers. No difference in surface tension between aerated and deaerated water was observed. However, the observed permeability of deaerated water into textile fibers was clearly different from that of aerated water. This clear difference may be explained by the dissolution of gaseous molecules confined in tiny voids of fibers in deaerated water.

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Effective bleaching conditions with sodium bromite (NaBrO₂) aqueous solution in the presenceof metal ions were investigated by using a cellulose film and cotton fabric dyed with directdye (C. I. Direct Blue 78).
Bleaching efficiency was determined using absorbance at dominant wavelength (608 nm) in thecase of film and reflectance in the case of fabric.
The main results obtained are summarized as follows :
1) In five sodium bromite aqueous solutions, each containing a different kind of metal ion, bleaching efficiency decreased in the order of Al³⁺>Fe³⁺>Cu²⁺>Mg²⁺=Ca²⁺.
2) At room temperature, the most effective bleaching was observed in the presence of 6/100Al³⁺ mol ratio to NaBrO₂, and the addition of more Al³⁺ decreased bleaching efficiency, probably due to self-decomposition of NaBrO₂.
3) In bleaching of dyed cotton fabric at various temperatures (10-50°C), bleaching effectand rate of diminution of tensile strength became more remarkable as the temperature increased.
4) For dyed cotton fabrics having the same bleaching efficiency, the rate of diminution oftensile strength by the addition of Al³⁺ at room temperature were determined to be ca. 1/4by heat bleaching.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify quantitatively the effects of the number of gore panels, the mechanical properties of fabrics and those of fabrics with seams on the silhouettes of flared skirts. Different kinds of fabrics, including Shingousen with high drapability, were used.
As the number of gore panels in the skirt increases, the angle between the hemline and the sideline of the skirt (a) and the number of nodes (n) increases, and the average value of the height of the nodes (h) decreases. Also, the a values of skirts where the center of the pattern is in a bias direction is larger than the a values obtained when the center of the pattern is ina warp direction. Thus, the silhouettes of flared skirts can be characterized by using the a value.
Furthermore, the shape parameter (a) is influenced by the mechanical parameters such as ³√BS/W and, ³√SS/W obtained from fabrics both with and without seam lines. The flared skirts made with fabrics having low bending and shear stiffness caused rolls at the hemline. This may be the reason why a increased, but n and h decreased as the number of seams increased.
By using the residual regression method, a can be accurately estimated using such parameters as the bending stiffnesses of and, ³√BS/W and the shear stiffnesses of ³√SS/W and ³√SS_S/2W, obtained from both seamed and seamless fabrics.

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This study investigated the structure of wearers' affective states generated by the attire worn during job interviews. From a group of adjectives generated by 367 female college students describing their affective states after viewing photographs of people wearing appropriate and inappropriate attire for job interviews, 82 affective terms were selected. These affective terms were divided into several groups based on their meaning-similarities by 100 female college students, and the degrees of these similarities were converted to a proximity matrix. Cluster analyses by the Ward Method resulted in a dendrogram, and the hierarchical clustering scheme was examined.
Then the hypothesis, based on the Kawakita Jirou (KJ) method, was verified. The results are as follows :
1) It was verified that the basic dimension of attire-generated affective states consisted of positive and negative affects.
2) Affective states generated by the attire worn during job interviews were classified into nine categories. Namely, the positive affective states were subdivided into six categories : “refreshed, ” “satisfactory, ” “aspired, ” “relieved, ” “tense” and “complete”; whereas the negative affective states were subdivided into three categories : “depressed, ” “embarrassed” and “anxious with an escapism tendency.”
3) According to the incidence of affective terms, many positive affective terms fell under the categories of “tense” and “complete, ” whereas many negative affective terms fell under “embar-rassed.”

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