A survey was conducted on intergenerational relations in full-time farming families with self-motivated successors, and a careful consideration was given to an analysis of the surveyed families. Parents' attitudes before and after their sons' joining the family business were classified into three types : “respect for the successor's motivation, ” “explicit parental expectation” and “combination of the two.” Prior to their sons' joining the family business, many fathers and mothers explicitly expressed their expectation that their sons would succeed them. After the son became a farmer, the general tendency was for the father to change his attitude of expectation to respect for his son's motivation and eventually to transfer of the management rights to him. In the process to the transfer, however, there were cases of antagonism or rivalry seen between them. The mother generally strived to understand the positions taken by father and son. Where the mother did not simply follow her husband but respected her son's positions on the basis of her own good sense, the successor tended to take a positive managerial attitude, leading to successful business based on a familial agreement. There are mothers who play an important role of business partner to their husbands, and there are mothers who play adual role of housekeeper and farming assistant. It has been found that women may seem to play a minor role in full-time farming families but in reality are comprehensively involved in the management. It should be recognized that the entire farming family is a group of organically united individuals engaged in farming.

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This paper reports the results of a field study of housewives not employed full time, regarding the motivation for their regional-social activities as well as their activities as members of resident organizations or groups in their residential area. We examined new trends in their social relationships as they move toward independence and cooperation in their daily lives. In comparison with wives employed full time, the housewives were less conscious of independence based on subjective factors, and they more often sought self-contentment in their relationships with others in their residential area. They also had little awareness of any need for them to cooperate in the development and/or reformation of their regional-social environment as residents. These findings indicate the importance of finding ways to improve housewives' internal subjective consciousness of independence, as well as their awareness of mutual interests and relationships' with others.

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This paper deals with the housewives in the new middle class of the latter Taisho Era with a view to clarifying relations between the education consciousness toward their children and their living behavior. For this purpose, the women's magazine' Shufu-no-Tomo'of the time was analyzed. It became clear that housewives' educational concern was directed to discipline, influence of the living environment, study at school, school expenses, and children's will to study. The concern for discipline and environmental influence promoted their active child care while the concern for environmental influence, study at school, school expenses, and children's will to study promoted the housewives' active household work. It may be concluded that the housewives found educational meaning not only in child care but also in household work, eventually forming a pattern of their living behavior that the keener were they on children's education, the more active they became in household work.

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Visual crease recovery of cloth was investigated by the use of a gray scale image of creases created by color dot images. Creases were created by applying a load of 5 kgf for 30 min to folded plain cloths of acetate, polyester, cotton, flax, wool and silk. The angular second moment, contrast, correlation and entropy extracted from the gray level co-occurrence matrix were measured as visual feature parameters. The fractal dimension was determined from the fractal analysis of the relief of the curved surface of the gray level image. From these image information parameters, a parameter ratio was obtained as the ratio of the image information parameter at the time of t to the initial time of t₀ to simplify comparison among samples. Each parameter ratio tended to change more or less rapidly with the initial passing of time, followed by a moderate change with time, implying that each parameter ratio depends on time exponentially. Therefore, a visual crease recovery index was introduced to describe the visual relaxation behavior of crease recovery from the analogy of mechanical stress relaxation behavior. Using an equation of exponential function with this index, curves were achieved when graphs of the parameter ratio against time were plotted. The visual crease recovery was discussed in relation to the visual features, indicating that a visual crease recovery index was useful for characterizing the visual recovery of creased cloths.

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A boom in historical literature, which occurred from the activities of Romanticism in Paris during the 1830's made medieval-like attire fashionable among the young. Their medieval style was either copies of attire depicted in paintings of the past or was taken from theatrical costume. And the latter also was created from paintings of the past. This thesis examines the correlation among the historical fashion, theatre and arts in terms of records and fiction of that era in order to clarify the characteristics of the transmission of fashion information during the Romantic era. Going to the theatre was the greatest pleasure for the young of that era, and thus the number of people attending the theatre was equivalent to being number one on the bestseller list. Meanwhile, young painters copied paintings by great masters in museums as part of their training, but this also met the demand of the “petit-bourgeois.” Copied paintings created a market and contributed to the dissemination of knowledge about paintings, and it became a medium of information transmission of good examples of historical costume for the young.

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In this paper, high school students' preferences for and understanding of various clothing-related areas which they learned about in junior high school are discussed. The results are as follows : 1) The factor structure of their preferences for clothing-related areas was interpreted as : (F1) preference for textiles and clothing materials, (F2) preference for dressmaking, (F3) preference for wardrobe planning and (F4) preference for making handicrafts. 2) The factor structure of their understanding of clothing-related areas was interpreted as : (FA1) understanding of textiles and clothing materials, (FA2) understanding of wardrobe planning and (FA3) understanding of dressmaking. 3) A comparison of the factor scores between male and female students showed that male students gained higher scores in (F1) preference for textiles and clothing materials and (FA1) understanding of textiles and clothing materials, while female students scored higher in (F3) preference for wardrobe planning, (F4) preference for making handicrafts, (FA2) understanding of wardrobe planning, and (FA3) understanding of dressmaking. 4) Regression equations were obtained by the use of multiple regression analysis among (F1) preference for textiles and clothing materials, (F2) preference for dressmaking and (FA1) understanding of textiles and clothing materials, among (F3) preference for wardrobe planning, (F4) preference for making handicrafts and (FA2) understanding of wardrobe planning, and among (F2) preference for dressmaking, (F4) preference for making handicrafts and (FA3) understanding of dressmaking. As a result, it was found that high school students' preferences were related to their understanding of the clothing-related areas.

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