We studied the effect of the fatty acid composition of commercially available cooking oil added to a high-cholesterol diet on the serum and liver lipid concentrations and hepatic acid composition in rats fed with the diets. Rats were fed one of three diets respectively containing the following three types of oil : diet 1, oil rich in saturated fatty acid; diet 2, oil rich in a-linoleic acid; and diet 3, oil rich in diacylglycerol. The weight gain among the three diet any groups did not significantly differ. The total food intake was most for the diet 1 group, while serum cholesterol was highest and the ratio of HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol was lowest in this dietary group. Serum triglyceride was lowest in the rats fed with diet 3, and the hepatic fatty acid composition in the liver reflected that of the diet. The dietary fatty acid composition in food and the lipid metabolism need to be carefully considered when providing a high-cholesterol diet.

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The purpose of this study is to acquire data on the changes in the physical ability of the elderly due to the aging process and to improve the standard of clothing in relation to those changes. A questionnaire was administered to 971 subjects in five age groups (60, 65, 70, 75, 80) for each sex. The mean scale value for each question was calculated. Hayashi's Quantification Method III was applied to 24 physical functions related to the subjects' ability to get dressed and undressed. The following results were found : 1) When the elderly reach eighty, roughly 25% of them experience some difficulty in dressing and undressing, with 70% of the men and 95% of the women preferring loose-fitting elastic waist bands. 2) The structures obtained using Q III for 48 sample scores were calculated on the I and II Axes. Those of the elderly indicated a clear U-shape. With regard to criterion validity, a correlation was discovered between the age of the subjects and their scores. This means that as the age of the subjects increases, their ability to easily dress and undress themselves decreases. Such criteria has produced useful data in respect of designing garments for the elderly. 3) Elderly women produced much higher scores than elderly men. 4) Once they exceed the age of seventy, the elderly begin to experience difficulties getting dressed and undressed. It is clear that clothing which is easier to put on and remove must be developed. 5) People in their eighties experience more difficulties than those in their seventies, due to decreasing physical ability, especially shoulder flexibility and increasing joint pain. They prefer loose-fitting elastic waist bands as small buttons and snaps are difficult to work with. The most stable way of putting on socks was from the sitting position. It is clear, therefore, that special clothing should be designed and manufactured for this age group.

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Concerning the consciousness of body shape of Japanese students in the Kyushu area, an investigation was made on 598 males and 557 females ranging in age from 18 to 29 from the viewpoint of differences between the sexes. The results were as follows : 1) The degree of satisfaction with their own body proportions is lower in females than in males. The principal body parts with which over 50% of subjects are dissatisfied are body height, upper limb girth and bust girth in males, and all the body parts in females. 2) Males and females differ on what constitutes the ideal female body shape. Females desire leaner bodies than males desire for them. 3) According to correlation analysis, the regression lines of the ideal body weight to ideal height show a bias toward leanness in females, while the regression line for males is centrally situated in the normal range based on BMI.

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ブラジャーカップを分離してその機能を逸らさず乳房の動きを視覚化する方法で, 走行中のブラジャー内の乳房の動き, ブラジャーカップ上の動き, 衣服圧, 下肢の動きを同期させて測定した.ブラジャーカップ内で生じる乳房振動とずれの特性を明らかにし, 以下の知見を得た.
(1) スポブラ, フルカップともに乳房振動が走行周期に同期しておきた.しかし, スポブラの最大の振幅は垂直方向の左足の周期(2.73Hz)に表れ, フルカップの最大の振幅は水平方向の走行の周期(1.34Hz)に表れて, ブラジャーによって振動特性が異なった.
(2) 衣服圧の変動はスポブラ, フルカップ共に1.34Hzの走行周期, 2.73Hzの左足の周期でみられた.特に, 左足の周期(2.73Hz)で下カップ部の測定点が大きく変動した.これは, ブラジャーカップ内の乳房振動の影響と考えられた.
(3) 乳房とブラジャーは走行中にずれ, ある一定の範囲を旋回したが, ずれの周期を見出すことはできなかった.水平方向に振動の振幅が大きいフルカップはスポブラよりずれ量が多くなった.また, ずれやすい部位は下カップ部の正中側であった.
以上のように, 乳房が走行中は振動しながらカップ内でずれをおこしていることが判明した.運動適合性を考える上で乳房振動とブラジャーのずれの特性は重要な設計要因と考えられる.スポブラの運動適合性を図るために, 運動の強さに応じた振動とずれを計算する必要があると考えられ今後の課題となった.

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The effect of temperature and pH on the yields of indigo and indirubin from indoxyl which was generated from indoxyl acetate was examined. In the indoxyl solution of pH 9-10 at 65-85°C, a significant amount of indirubin was produced in addition to indigo. In the case of indigo dyeing using fresh leaves of Strobilanthes cusia, a kind of indigo plants, a purple shade of dye can be achieved by merely heating the dye bath. This was explained by the relatively higher pH of the juice of the plant. In this condition, a yield of indirubin was promoted by heating. The indirubin dyeing consists of two processes, the production of indirubin in the fiber and the penetration of indirubin, which has already been produced in the dye bath, into the fiber. In the case of Polygonum tinctorium, indirubin could be dyed by making a mild alkaline juice from fresh leaves and by heating.

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People have had a desire to dye clothes throughout history. For this purpose, dyeing materials and agents have been developed through various thoughtful efforts. As a result, efficient applications of characteristic coloring materials of particular local areas are often found as archaeological evidence. Historical documents on the use of soil as a dyeing material are also found. Based on the measurement results of the size of the soil particles and dyeing states, we examined the relation between the size of soil particles and cellulose fiber, which has been a popular clothing material for ordinary people. Our study led to the following conclusions : 1) The dyeing of natural cellulose fiber with soil particles is influenced by the fiber width; 2) The diameter of soil particles effective for dyeing can be estimated from the fiber width; 3) The supernatant liquid extraction method is suitable for obtaining soil particles for cellulose fiber dyeing.

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Polyphenols distributed widely in vegetables, fruits and teas are likely to have beneficial effects on human health, because of their antioxidative, antimutagenic, and antitumor activities. The total polyphenol content in 24 species of wild grass was measured and compared with that in 16 vegetables by the Folin-Denis assay, using caffeic acid as a standard. The polyphenol content per 100 g of fresh plant was more than 0.1 g in all of the wild grass species, but in only 7 types of vegetable. Furthermore, values over 1 g were found in 6 of the wild grass species, but in none of the vegetables. These results indicate that wild grass may be a good source for physiologically active polyphenols.

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