子どもを生み, それを健康に育てていきたいという願いは, 生物として, また, 動物としての人間の本来的な願いから出発したものであって, 古今東西にわたって変わらないものであろう。しかし, 子どもたちをとりまく環境は, 科学技術の進歩, 社会環境の変貌とともに推移し, 健全育成への道はいろいうと変化してきている。これらの実態を正確に把握していることは, すべての小児をその家庭, 学校, 地域社会などとの関連のもとに心身の健全な発達, 健康の保持, 増進をはかり, あわせてその福祉を効果的にすすめるための小児保健活動にはぜひ必要なことなのである。

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市販組織状大豆系人工肉2種類A, Bを選び, その栄養価をカゼインを対照としてシロネズミ成長法で多角的に検討した。
1) 5～18%蛋白含有飼料域では人工肉はいずれもカゼインに比べて成長が劣る。また人工肉AはBに比べて同含有域で成長が良い。
2) 人工肉, カゼイン各飼料群間での体位はカゼイン, 人工肉A, Bの順に良く, その差は体重, 肝重量差に著しく, 体長, 尾長の差は著しくない。
3) N.G.I.は人工肉A, Bでそれぞれ15, 11で, カゼインは19であった。
4) P.R.E.は人工肉A, Bでそれぞれ47.6, 42.5, カゼインは67.6であった。
5) N.P.R.は人工肉A, Bでそれぞれ2.98, 2.65, カゼインは4.23であった。
6) 人工肉, カゼインのいずれもP.E.R.は10%蛋白含有飼料で最大となり, 低蛋白飼料域では急激に, 高蛋白飼料域では緩やかに低下する。10%蛋白含有飼料による各3, 4週間飼育の際のP.E.R.は, 人工肉Aで2.27, 2.24, 人工肉Bで2.06, 1.92, カゼインで2.66, 2.27であった。

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Various fishes sold at the market were investigated by means of gas-liquid chromatograph in order to determine the fatty acid composition of their oil contents. The composition varied widely from one to another and no specific feature was recognized in terms of biological family characteristics.
Considering the possible environmental effects on the fatty acid composition, fishes may be classified as follows :
A. Plain water fish, B. Salt water fish “Northerner”, “Southerner”,
where “Northerner” refers to the fish living in the cold current or in relatively cold area and “Southerner” to the one living in the warm current or in relatively warm area. It was found that, in general, the plain water fish contained more linoleic acid and higher fatty acids with more than 19 carbon atoms than the salt water fish, and “Northerner” were richer in oleic acid and monoenic fatty acids, while “Southerner” were richer in palmitic acid and saturated fatty acids.
In addition, it was found that white meat contained more polyenic fatty acids and less saturated fatty acids. This fact effects lowering of the cholesterol level and thus the white meat is good nutriment for the aged and the sick people.

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1. 電子レンジを用いて食品の加熱を行なう際に, 食品中の各種酵素がどのような活性変化を受けるかを知るために本実験を行なった。今回は, 澱粉分解酵素としてβ-amylase, たん白分解酵素としてprotease, 脂肪分解酵素としてlipaseの3種を選び, それぞれの酵素活性の変化を検討した。
2. 電子レンジ加熱による酵素活性の変化は, 50℃以下の温度については, 澱粉分解酵素・たん白分解酵素ともに普通加熱の場合と同じ傾向を示し, 脂肪分解酵素のみについては, 電子レンジ加熱は普通加熱に比して活性がややすぐれていた。この原因については現段階では確認できず, 今後検討する必要がある。

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電子レンジによる栗の蜜煮に必要な照射条件について研究した結果を要約すると次のとおりである。
1) 水煮では, 水煮のための水を合わせて1200mlとともに庫内に入れ19分照射し, そのまま庫内に放置して10分間くり越し加熱を行なうと栗はくずれずよく膨潤してよい結果が得られた。
2) 蜜煮では, 栗の80%の砂糖を45%の砂糖溶液として水煮栗を加え15分照射の後, 10分間くり越し加熱を行なうとよい結果が得られた。
3) 鍋煮法では, 加熱のし方に相当の気苦労を伴うが電子レンジでは水量と照射時間を守れば容易につくることができる。
電子レンジは, 必ずしも短時間調理に限らずもっと広範囲な活用を考えてもよいのではないかと思う。

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Two methods were compared with each other in relation to the deterioration of frying oil. In Method A a certain amount of oil was used for deep frying repeatedly, once a week for eleven weeks, without adding any fresh oil. On the other hand, in Method B, at each occasion of frying in eleven successive weeks fresh oil was added by the same amount as the loss at the previous frying. The amount of this addition was about 10% of the used oil in weight.
Changes in the acid value, iodine value, viscosity, specific gravity, foaming degrees and fatty acid composition were measured with the oil used in respective ways. Also the aroma was evaluated by organoleptic tests.
Our results confirmed that Method B was better than Method A.

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A survey of soil redeposition on different fabrics in the commercial drycleaning process with three kinds of drycleaning solvents was carried out. The cleaning solvent was analyzed at the same time. The following results were obtained.
1. It was observed that soil redeposition on the fabrics was affected not only by the degree of dirtiness of the cleaning solvent but also by the chemical and physical character of the fibers.
2. The most highly soiled fibers were cotton, polyester-cotton blend and wool, and the least, acrylonitrile, polyester filament, polyplopylen, nylon and silk. Rayon, polyester spun and acetate came between the former and the latter.
3. It was proved that soil redeposition was caused mainly by suspended dusts and dirty oil or fat dissolved in the solvent. Infra-red spectra of non-volatile components of the used cleaning solvent showed that those components were mainly natural soil.
4. The sum total obtained by adding ten individual rates of soil redeposition on each of twelve fabrics through ten experiments with one type of cleaning solvent showed approximately the same order as the order of accumulated rates of soil redeposition on the fabrics through ten repetitions of the drycleaning operation. This fact was true with any of the three drycleaningsolvents; petroleum solvent, perchloroethylene, and 1, 1, 2-trichloro 1, 2, 2-trifluoroethane.

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Before tying “obi” (a Japanese sash) on “kimono” (a Japanese robe), one must use such accessories as “himo” (belts) to set the “kimono” in correct place. These belts and “obi” apply pressure on the wearer's body. This pressure is considered to be typical clothing pressure. Recently these accessories have been much improved with the development of new materials.From the hygienic point of view, we made some experiments on the new accessories comparing with those of former days. The matters examined were : the clothing pressure, the muscular activity, the pulse rate and the function of lungs. Our results proved that the effects of new accessories on the bodies were less than those of traditional ones, and that the modern ones give far more comfort to the wearers.

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Since it is considered that washing has much effect on wearing out of dresses at the seams, we studied this effect by measuring the breaking strength of seam thread and unused thread.
The samples of fabrics were cotton and polyester-rayon and threads were cotton and polyester.
The results obtained are as follows :
1. For both cotton and polyester-rayon fabrics, the breaking strength of polyester thread at the seam was little affected by washing.
2. On the other hand, the breaking strength of cotton thread at the seam was significantly lowered by washing.
3. The unused cotton thread was damaged by washing more heavily than polyester thread.
4. In either case of unused thread and seam thread, the coefficient of variation of breaking strength of cotton thread was larger than that of polyester thread.

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