Mechanisms on formation and disappearance of pungent principles in Daikon (Raphanus sativus L.) Oroshi (grated radish) were investigated. Free isothiocyanates were not detected in nondisintegrated radish root. trans-4-Methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate (TMBI), the main pungent principle, was produced by myrosinase decomposition of a glycosidic precursor in the presence of L-ascorbic acid.
Contents of isothiocyanates were measured by the colorimetric determination. The amounts of isothiocyanates in grated radish decreased rapidly within 60 min. However, the decrease was slightly suppressed by the addition of Sanbai-zu (a seasoning prepared by mixing of soy, sugar and vinegar), especially acetic acid which is a main component of vinegar.
In contrast to the decrease of isothiocyanates, the formation of methyl mercaptan and dimethyldisulfide was confirmed by the analysis of gas chromatography. Formation of methyl mercaptan markedly increased within 60 min, reached a maximum after 90 min and then decreased gradually in course of time. On the other hand, the production of dimethyldisulfide greatly increased with the disappearance of methyl mercaptan.
Furthermore, from the fact that the decrease of isothiocyanates and the production of methyl mercaptan and dimethyldisulfide were also found in the isothiocyanates aqueous solutions which were free of enzymes, it was assumed that the following system (TMBI→methyl mercaptan→dimethyldisulfide) could be proceeded also by non-enzymic action

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An experiment was performed on the model system to investigate the process of oxidation of sebum adhered to clothes. Lard, which consists of similar fatty acid composition to sebum and does not contain antioxidant, was used as a model substance. Test-fabrics which were soiled with lard were hung in an incubator controlled at 50°C, 40°C and 30°C for 1-60 days. The degree of oxidation of the lard extracted from the fabrics was followed through the peroxide value, carbonyl value, concentration of conjugated diene hydroperoxide, and fatty acid composition.
The results were summarized as follows;
1) No appreciable difference among the degrees of oxidation of lard adhered to cotton, wool, acrylic, and polyester fabrics was observed. From this fact, it could be considered that there was little effect in each fiber to the oxidation of lard.
2) It was recognized that the rate of autoxidation of lard on fabrics was very rapid.
3) Linolic and linolenic acids were more rapidly decomposed than oleic acid.
4) The autoxidation rate of lard on fabrics increased by twice, when aging temperature rose by 10°C

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In order to investigate the biodegradation of anionic surfactants in soil, soil perfusion method has been applied.
The course of biodegradation was followed by the measurements of loss of carbon (total organic carbon) and feloin reagent active substances (FRAS).
In the case of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), the initial reduction of LAS by adsorption on soils was followed by the successive reduction due to the primary biodegradation, but ultimate biodegradation was not observed.
In the case of dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and branched alkylbenzene sulfonate (ABS), results obtained by TOC showed good agreement with the feloin reagent method. SDS was easily biodegraded into inorganic substances in the early stage of perfusion, whereas ABS was adsorbed on soils, and not degraded during this experimental period.
Assimilating ability of isolated strains from perfused soils by SDS or LAS solution were also studied.

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Fluorescent Brightening 'Agents (FBA's) was built in powder soap and synthetic detergents as early as 1955 in Japan. Since then coverage of the syndet is steadily increasing up to 95%.
Quite recently, revival of the powder soap exhibits a queer tendency to reject the addition of FBA's.
In this respect, the authors examined the FBA's effect in newly prevailing commercial soaps in comparison with that in synthetic detergents, and reached a conclusion that some powder soaps should accept the FBA formulation to increase the whiteness of cellulosic washing materials.

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Hand-sewing is a basic technique for sewing Japanese clothes.
High speed movie pictures showed quantitatively the characteristic curve of the repetitious sewing motion by hands.
In this paper, samples were cloth materials with four different sorts of softness : Sarashi-Momen (breached cotton), silk, cotton broadcloth, and Yukata-ji (Japanese bath robe).
Results :
1) Cloth materials with the lower bending resistance yielded the higher sewing rate, smaller deviation of stitch numbers per one inch, shorter distance of loci of hand motion, and less work of hand motion.
2) Fourier analysis of the curve of the sewing motion by hands showed good reproducibility in 10 cm-spacing.

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A sleeve could be approximated to an eliptical cylinder having an eliptical revolution at the sleeve cap, and the attached surface to the trunk could be considered as a plane. Thus, the pattern of the sleeve top could be drawn geometrically as explained in Part 1.
In this report, we examined the influence of the correlation between the angle at the limb horizontal abduction and the angle at the shoulder point on the sleeve top pattern, and the variation caused by the limb movements.
The results are summarized as follows;
1) The variations of the sleeve top pattern, according to the correlation between the angle at the limb horizontal abduction and the angle at the shoulder point, can be examined. Thus, we can calculated the amount and points for fabric shrink allowance.
2) The curve of the arm-hole is egg-shaped, with the larger part at the top. When the angle at the limb horizontal abduction is increased, the oval shaped is flattened out and moves to the back.
3) The sleeve top pattern to permit the limb movements is constructed by using the combination of the angle at the horizontal abduction of 15° and 45°at apoint 2/3 from the center of the arm-hole line.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between clothing interests and self-esteem, and to determine whether measurable relationships exist among five factors of clothing interests for university women. Measurements were obtained from 164 female university students by the use of a self-administered questionnaire technique of a five-point certainty scale. The instruments used in this research were the Self-Esteem Scale development by Endo et al. and the Clothing Interest Inventory consisting of five factors. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to analyze data.
Of the five factors, three aspects of clothing interest (enhancement of individuality, social approval, and modesty) were significantly related to self-esteem. University women with higher self-esteem scores used clothing to enhance their individuality, whereas those women with lower self-esteem scores were concerned about social approval and modesty in clothing.
Correlation among five factors of clothing interests indicated that concern with personal appearance was significantly correlated with orientation to brand items, as well as with enhancement of individuality. Enhancement of individuality showed a negative correlation with social approval and with modesty. Social approval was also significantly correlated with modesty.

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We have compared the amount of Japanese bedding in 1980 with the amount in 1966, in order to determine the ideal closet space for bedding. We also analyzed the results of a survey of the actual closet space for bedding in 1980.
We came to the following conclusions :
1. Only 15% of the subjects sleep on “Tatami” and they do not have beds in their houses at all. The traditional Japanese way of sleeping on “Tatami” is declining. In the future more beds will be used if houses have enough space for bedrooms.
2. During the 14 years from 1966 to 1980, the amount of bedding owned increased a little. There was not so remarkable a change as that of clothes since the amount of bedding needed is almost fixed.
3. The closet space for bedding varied according to the each family; 70% of the subjects have the closet space of 1.5 Ken to 3.5 Ken for bedding. The amount of space was influenced by the size of a family and the house.
4. About 60% of the subjects were not contented with the actual closet space for bedding they had.

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[in Japanese]

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