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Volume 24 (1983)
- Issue 6 Pages 843-
- Issue 5 Pages 669-
- Issue 4 Pages 489-
- Issue 3 Pages 309-
- Issue 2 Pages 161-
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Volume 24, Issue 6
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Saburo MASHIMA, Kan TAKAYANAGI, Hiroshi INOUE, Hiroshi MATSUO1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 843-851
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwelve cases with temporary artificial pacing were used to investigate on the efficacy of a bipolar current source within the heart to generate potential variations in Frank lead ECGs. A constant current, subthreshold square pulse was applied to the catheter electrodes and the artefact was recorded with the Frank system. Assuming that the Frank system was normalized and orthogonal, the lead vector magnitude was calculated as 0.58ohm/cm on the average. The value of the lead vector was inversely related to the thorax size. The direction of the vector determined from the recorded potentials approximated the direction of the catheter tip on the X-ray film. In addition, similar measurements were made with a homogeneous torso model and the results were compared with those of clinical cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (781K) -
Isao KUBOTA, Yoshihiko WATANABE, Kai TSUIKI, Shoji YASUI1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 853-862
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn 38 patients with angina pectoris, 87 unipolar lead electrocardiograms were recorded from different sites over the entire thoracic surface both before and after submaximal treadmill exercise. The site of exercise-induced ST depression on the body surface was correlated with the findings of the coronary arteriography. The number of leads which showed exercise-induced ST depression was 7.2±1.8 in one vessel disease, 15.6±2.1 in two vessel disease, and 23.6±2.0 in three vessel disease (values are mean±SEM). Thus, the number of leads showing ST depression was proportional to the severity of the coronary artery disease. Exercise-induced ST depression was most often seen in left anterior chest leads, especially in V5 of the standard 12-ECG. However, it was not possible to identify the obstructed coronary artery from the body surface distribution of ST depression.View full abstractDownload PDF (496K) -
Comparison with Cardiac Catheterization and the Teichholz FormulaW.S. SEITZ, M.S. SPIEL1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 863-869
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn elementary computational formula for estimating cardiac volume and stroke volume from either M-mode or bi-dimensional echographic data is developed from an analysis of retrospective catheterization, angiographic and echographic data. The proposed equation has the form, V=0.01D12/5, where V is the cardiac volume in ml, 0.01 is a unit conversion constant and D is the ventricular dimension in mm. The new model assumes the validity of the Teichholz correction factor to the volume of an ellipsoid of revolution as an approximation of left ventricular cardiac volume.
Application of this model to retrospective echographic data reveals that the new formula enjoys an identical domain of validity as the Teichholz formula, deviating from this model by less than 1% over a range of cardiac volumes from 20 to 180ml. Comparison of this cardiac volume formula with a series of 37 echographic and catheterization measurements of stroke volume yields a correlation of r=0.95 with a standard error of S.E.=14.3ml in comparison with the Fick principle method for cardiac stroke volume. The results of this study suggest that the present expression offers a computational simplification of the Teichholz formula, facilitating modifications for other configurations while retaining this expressions favorable correlation with invasive measurements of cardiac volume.View full abstractDownload PDF (402K) -
Gengi SATOMI, Kenji NAKAMURA, Atsuyoshi TAKAO, Yasuharu IMAI1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 871-879
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree cases with persistent truncus arteriosus, a 1-year-old boy with a type I, an 8-month-old girl with a type II, and a 5-year-old girl with type II, all confirmed by surgery, were studied by two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE). The 2-DE findings corresponded well with the actual anatomy as determined by direct visualization as well as angiogram. A "piling-up" method using 2-DE to reconstruct three-dimensional anatomical images is useful in making the correct diagnosis of persistent truncus arteriosus as well as typing this anomaly noninvasively.View full abstractDownload PDF (3405K) -
Visualization of Ruptured Chordae Tendineae of the Mitral Valve by Real-Time Two-Dimensional EchocardiographySeiki NAGATA, Hiroshi SAKAKIBARA, Yung-Dae PARK, Tsuyoshi FUJITA, Kohe ...1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 881-890
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of the present study is to perform a detailed analysis of the spot echoes which show chaotic motion of the left ventricular cavity of patients with ruptured chordae tendineae. The subjects were 12 patients with surgically documented ruptured chordae tendineae. They were carefully examined preoperatively by real-time two-dimensional echocardiography with a commercially available wide-angle phased array system (Toshiba SSH-11A).
An abnormal moving spot echo was often seen instantaneously in the left ventricle. Its motion was chaotic, and it moved both longitudinally and laterally. Lateral movements were seen in 10 of the 12 subjects and were not found in any of 10 controls. The site of this echo in the left ventricle was identical with the site of the rupture of the mitral chordae confirmed during surgery. Therefore, it was concluded that the spot echo with chaotic motion represents a direct visualization of ruptured chordae.
This chaotic motion is considered to be a useful clue in diagnosis. The lateral component (left to right) of the movement is especially important. However, one must carefully examine the left ventricular cavity with moving pictures over a period of many heart beats in order to detect these chaotic movements of spot echoes.View full abstractDownload PDF (2127K) -
A Preliminary ReportNariaki KANEMOTO, Gustav HÖR, Gisbert KOBER, Mertin KALTENBACH1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 891-907
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSQuantitative evaluation of exercise Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy was carried out to determine the effect of transluminal coronary angioplasty (TCA) in 15 patients with critical coronary artery stenoses (_??_70%). Thirteen lesions were successfully dilated (reduction in stenosis by more than 30%); two were unsuccessful. Calculated indices from Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy, using a semi-automatic computer image processing system, included washout factor (WF), vitality index (VI) and redistribution factor (RDF). No changes were noted in WF before and after dilatation. The VI increased in successfully dilated patients from 66.3±8.5% (mean±SD) to 77.8±10.9% (p<0.001) in the areas perfused by the vessels containing the lesions. The RDF decreased significantly after dilatation from 4.4±6.1% to 1.2±2.8% (p<0.05) 1 hour after exercise and from 10.4±7.5% to 4.1±4.2% (p<0.01) 3-4 hours after exercise. From these results, we conclude that the perfusion of ischemic areas distal to critical coronary artery stenoses improves following successful dilatation. Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy was shown to be very useful in the evaluation of TCA.View full abstractDownload PDF (2241K) -
Shunichi KOJIMA, Keiichi ITOH, Fujio DEGUCHI, Tsuguo OSADA, Hidenao AS ...1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 909-915
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was performed to determine whether there is any difference in cation transport of red blood cells from normotensive subjects and hypertensive patients in Japan. Net Na+ efflux and net K+ influx rates were measured in sodium-loaded red cells from 19 normotensive subjects, 22 essential hypertensive patients, and 8 secondary hypertensive patients. The ratio of Na+/K+ net fluxes and the net cation flux rate were compared between these groups. The ratio of Na+/K+ net fluxes was significantly lower in essential hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects. Parameters such as age, sex, blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone concentration were also examined in 2 groups of essential hypertensive patients, divided on the basis of their Na+/K+ net fluxes. However, there is no significant difference between the groups. These results suggest that the ratio of cation flux is related to hypertension independently of these parameters.View full abstractDownload PDF (370K) -
Kenji MIZUNO, Masa-aki YAMAZAKI, Kaoru IKEDA, Kenji YAGINUMA, Shigeats ...1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 917-924
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo assess the interaction between dopamine and aldosterone secretion in primary aldosteronism, the dopamine antagonist, metoclopramide (methoxy-2-chloro-5-procainamide), was given as an i.v. bolus (10mg) to 5 patients with primary aldosteronism and 5 normal subjects treated with dexamethasone (2mg/day) to eliminate an influence of ACTH. Metoclopramide increased plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) in primary aldosteronism from 39.1±15.5 to 42.5±15.9ng/100ml (p<0.05) and also from 12.9±2.3 to 23.6±3.4ng/100ml (p<0.01) in normal subjects at 15 min. Plasma renin activity (PRA), and plasma concentrations of cortisol, potassium, and sodium did not significantly change with metoclopramide in either primary aldosteronism or normal subjects. Plasma prolactin increased by 12- and 20-fold in primary aldosteronism and in normal subjects, respectively, but there was no significant positive correlation between changes in PAC and in plasma prolactin in either primary aldosteronism or normal subjects. It is suggested that dopamine inhibits the secretion of aldosterone in primary aldosteronism as well as in normal subjects. It seems unlikely that dopamine affects the release of renin in primary aldosteronism.View full abstractDownload PDF (416K) -
Noboru TAKEKOSHI, Eiji MURAKAMI, Shinobu MATSUI, Hidenori MURAKAMI, Ji ...1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 925-933
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of a therapeutic dose of oral S-596 upon the cardiovascular response to intravenous isoproterenol and noradrenaline were studied in 2 hypertensive and 4 normotensive subjects in order to evaluate the drug's mode of action. After oral administration of S-596, mean blood pressure rose slightly and the heart rate decreased. In addition, cardiac output decreased considerably and total peripheral resistance increased. However pulmonary arterial end-diastolic pressure and right atrial pressure were not affected by S-596 administration. Before S-596, intravenous isoproterenol increased both heart rate and pulse pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, intravenous noradrenaline increased both systolic and diastolic pressures. Following 15mg of S-596, the effects of isoproterenol were antagonized such that the cumulative log-dose-response curves of the mean isoproterenol-induced increases in heart rate and reductions in diastolic pressure were shifted in parallel to the right. At the same time, the mean noradrenaline-induced increases in blood pressure were also antagonized in a competitive manner.
The mean ratio of alpha- and beta-components was calculated as
:isoproterenol dose ratio/noradrenaline dose ratio=7.88
From this result it can be suggested that the alpha-adrenoceptor blockade potency of this drug is approximately one-eight of its beta-adrenoceptor blockade potency.View full abstractDownload PDF (464K) -
Souichiro SEKIYA, Santa ICHIKAWA, Takeshi TSUTSUMI, Kenichi HARUMI1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 935-945
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied the action potential duration (APD) of isolated ventricular muscle fibers. Action potentials were recorded from four different sites (endocardium and epicardium at the apex and the base) in the canine left ventricle by microelectrode techniques. Action potentials from endocardial and corresponding epicardial specimens, and the differential potential between them were recorded simultaneously. The APDs at 60% and 90% repolarization (APD60 and APD9O) were measured during superfusion with normal (K+=2.7mM) and altered (K+=5.4mM) Tyrode's solutions. Results were: 1) the distributions of APDs agreed with previous descriptions from in vivo studies; 2) endo-epicardial APD gradients were different between the apex and the base, and apicobasal APD gradients were different between endocardium and epicardium; 3) the shapes of the differential potentials in normal and altered Tyrode's solution were similar to the electrocardiographic T wave form in normal and in mild hyperkalemia. It was concluded that nonhomogeneous APDs may be due to the inherent characteristics of cardiac muscle and the nonuniform endo-epicardial APD gradient helps to account for the genesis of the electrocardiographic T wave form.View full abstractDownload PDF (560K) -
Yoshitaka KORI, Kazuhiro FUJITANI, Isamu NAGAI1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 947-959
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of hyperkalemia on serum and myocardial digoxin (DX) concentration was studied in conjunction with hemodynamic changes in 31 normal dogs. The myocardial DX concentration in the hyperkalemic (HK) group was significantly lower than that in normokalemic (NK) group, despite a significantly higher serum DX concentration in the HK group. In the HK group, the myocardial sodium concentration was significantly lower than in the NK group. Coincident with these biochemical changes, no increase of LV max dP/dt after DX administration was observed in the HK group. These results suggest that there might be competitive antagonism between myocardial uptake of potassium and DX.View full abstractDownload PDF (745K) -
Shigetoshi CHIBA, Hiroshi ZENDA, Miyoharu KOBAYASHI, Masahiro SHIMOTOR ...1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 961-974
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe chronotropic effects of digoxin and deslanoside were studied in canine atria cross-perfused with heparinized arterial blood from donor dogs. Intravenous injections of either drug (100μg/Kg) into the donor dog produced bradycardia followed by ventricular tachyarrhythmia, with or without hypertension, in the donor dog. A significant increase in the developed tension was observed in the isolated atria, with or without slight sinus accelera-tion. These effects continued over 150min after the injection.Digoxin (200μg/Kg, i.v.) caused an immediate bradycardia followed by ventricular tachycardia. In addition, ventricular fibrillation occurred in 3 out of 5 donor dogs within 20min of the drug administration. In isolated atria, there was a marked increase in the developed tension, usually with a little sinus tachycardia. Deslanoside (200μg/Kg, i.v.) caused almost the same response patterns as digoxin. However, this dose of deslanoside caused ventricular fibrillation in all 6 experiments. Drug concentrations in the donor's arterial blood decreased rapidly for 15-20min and then decreased slowly in all experiments. It is concluded that digoxin and deslanoside have no significant direct accelerating action on the SA node in doses which produced marked increases in the developed tension; only extremely high doses cause a direct, slight sinus acceleration.View full abstractDownload PDF (544K) -
Tohru OGIHARA, Mamoru YOSHIZAWA, Toshiyuki YASUI, Haruyuki NAKANE, Yok ...1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 975-983
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDirect renal effects of angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitors (CEIs), captopril, SA446 and MK421, were examined in isolated rat kidneys perfused with a renin-substrate-free medium. Among three GEIs, only captopril induced a significant natriuresis, whereas SA446 and MK421 did not. UKV, renal vascular resistance and creatinine clearance were not affected by any of these GEIs. Renin release from perfused rat kidneys were not influenced by GEIs under the present experimental conditions.
These results suggest that among three different types of GEIs, only captopril possesses natriuretic action in the isolated perfused rat kidney and that this action may be independent of its inhibitory action on angiotensin converting enzyme. It is also suggested that these three GEIs themselves do not have a direct effect on the renal vascular bed.View full abstractDownload PDF (385K) -
Tsunemi TAJIMA, Yutaka DOHI1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 985-993
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of disopyramide phosphate (DP) infusion (1mg/Kg and 2mg/Kg BW) on ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) was studied in anesthetized dogs. In the 1mg/Kg group, the VFT increased 47% above the control level immediately after infusion. In the 2mg/Kg group, a delayed increase in VFT was observed after the initial period and VFT was not correlated with the plasma concentration of DP. This phenomenon was abolished by pretreatment with methacholine. These results suggested an anticholinergic action of DP on the VFT. In the ischemic dogs produced by acute coronary occlusion, DP prevented a decrease in VFT.View full abstractDownload PDF (458K) -
Akihiko SHIMIZU, Wataru AOI, Masazumi AKAHOSHI, Toshinori UTSUNOMIYA, ...1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 995-1006
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis is a case report of a 37-year-old Japanese woman with primary aldosteronism who was found to have high plasma renin activity during toxemia of pregnancy and who died of a dissecting aneurysm of the aorta about 2 years later. The autopsy findings showed cystic medial necrosis in the aorta and a right adrenocortical adenoma. The dissecting aneurysm in this case is probably related to hypertension and cystic medial necrosis. A definite diagnosis of primary aldosteronism cannot be made during toxemia of pregnancy, and it is necessary to do serial determinations of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration after delivery to confirm the diagnosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1959K) -
Ikuo FUKUDA, Hiroshi IJIMA, Tsuyoshi ITOH, Tadashi IRIYAMA, Hajime MAE ...1983 Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 1007-1015
Published: 1983
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAneurysm of the coronary artery associated with aortitis syndrome is extremely rare. This is a case report of a left coronary artery aneurysm associated with aortitis syndrome. The patient was a 47-year-old woman who complained of palpitation and dizziness on exertion. Aortogram revealed occlusion of the arch vessels, infrarenal aortic stenosis, and a fusiform aneurysm of the left coronary artery. There was neither an intraluminal thrombus nor occlusive changes in the coronary arteries. Severe systolic hypertension nearing 300mmHg was present in the ascending aorta. Severe hypertension and direct extension of inflammation to the coronary artery seemed to be important factors for the formation of the aneurysm. To resolve the severe hypertension, a bypass operation between the ascending aorta and the abdominal aorta distal to the stenosis was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful and blood pressure was reduced.View full abstractDownload PDF (1832K)
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