Japanese Journal of Health Physics

Estimation on Adsorption Concentrations of ²³⁸U and ²²⁶Ra in the River-bed Soil

Kenshuh MICHIHIRO, Hirokazu SUGIYAMA, Toshio KATAOKA, Eiji YUNOKI, Kaz ...

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 139-146
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.139

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The ²³⁸U, ²³⁴U and ²²⁶Ra in the river-bed soil were investigated on those adsorption and contents. The soil samples were taken from the upstream area of Yoshii-River in Okayama Prefecture. In this area, uranium mine has been developed and nuclear fuel plants have been operated for producing uranium enriched by centrifugation of UF₆. The radioactive waste effluent has been released into the river. Six soil samples were sieved into six fractions according to particle-size, respectively. The preliminary experiment concluded that the concentrations of the three nuclides increased with decrease in particle-size of soil on all samples, though the particle-size distributions varied with both sampling location and date. Thus the concentration of each nuclide in a fine river-bed soil was found to show effectively the latest level of pollution in the river water. The concentrations of ²³⁸U in each fraction of the two samples were measured by γ-ray spectrometer with intrinsic Ge-detector and ²²⁶Ra also with Ge(Li)-detector. The soil surface-area of each fraction was measured by B. E. T. method. The con-centrations of each nuclide in the soil were directly proportional to the specific surface-area. The concentrations of both nuclides adsorbed on the soil and the ²²⁶Ra/⁷³⁸U ratio were estimated with respect to the specific surface-area in each fraction. It was found to be useful for monitoring of nuclear fuel plants to pay attention to the ²²⁶Ra/²³⁸U ratio as well as the ^234(235)U/²³⁸U ratio.

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Non-destructive Rapid Determination of Radium-226 in Soil Using Radon-222 Escape-to-Production Ratio

Toshio KATAOKA, Kenshuh MICHIHIRO, Hirokazu SUGIYAMA, Takashi YAMAMOTO ...

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 147-151
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.147

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It is greatly desirable that ²²⁶Ra in the environmental materials is rapidly determined for an accidental release. Radium-226 can be rapidly determined by being coprecipitated with barium sulphate. But, this method requires complicated chemical treatments.
We derived the formula for rapid determination of ²²⁶Ra in soil by gamma-ray spectrometry in consideration of ²²²Rn escape-to-production ratio of soil. Using this formula, ²²⁶Ra in soil could be determined within 2 days.
Furthermore, ²²⁶Ra content in the river-bed soil (weathered granitic rock) around Ningyoh-Tohge was almost the same level of that in the granitic rock in Japan. And, ²²²Rn escape-to-production ratios and ²²⁶Ra contents of the paddy, upland and virgin soils around Ningyoh-Tohge, which are volcanic ash, were in agreement with those of other volcanic ash soils.

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Photon Energy Responses of Some Ionization Chambers with Different Sizes and Materials

Nobue AKIYAMA, Nobuyuki MIYAZAKI, Taichi MICHIKAWA

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 153-157
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.153

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It is important for us to be able to calculate the photon energy responses of ionization chambers prior to manufacturing them. But the energy response derived from general cavity theory (BRAGG-GRAY formula) cannot be applied to the case of ionization chambers with large cavity size or filled with highly pressurized gas. In this paper, first we calculated the energy responses of such ionization chambers by using BURLIN'S formula which took account of the generation and absorption of secondary electrons in the cavity gas, and compared these results with our experimental data. Secondly, the calculations of energy response were performed in the case of doublewall ionization chambers based on BURLIN'S theory, These calculated results have a good agreement with the experimental ones in each case. So it can be concluded that BURLIN'S theory is well applicable to the large size or double wall ionization chambers.

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A Preliminary Approach to Age-Dependent Deposition Modeling for Human Respiratory Tract

Kunihiko SHINOHARA

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 159-165
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.159

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Comparison of Risk at Work and in Transit to and from Work in Relation to ICRP Publication 45

Tamiko IWASAKI

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 167-171
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.167

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Monitoring of Laboratory Workers for ¹²⁵I Uptake

Emiko KDNISHI, Hoshio EGUCHI, Yasuo YOSHIZAWA

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 173-177
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.173

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Sorption of Strontium on Soils in Layered and Aerated Zones

Shigeo UCHIDA, Hiroshi KAMADA

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 179-187
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.179

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The study is focused on the sorption characteristics of strontium on soils for predicting the migration into deeper layers. Soils were collected from the surface to 8m depth of layers by boring at three districts in Japan. All soil samples exhibited the sorption characteristics of Sr in accordance with the Freundlich type isotherm equilibrium within the range of the Sr concentration of 10^-5 to 10^-3μeq/ml. The 1/n values shown as the exponent for C in the Freundlich equation were close to 1.0. This finding led to the assumption that the sorption isotherm should be expressed by Henry type isotherm equilibrium for the Sr. The K_d values were positively correlated to CEC, the exchangeable Sr and Ca in soils excluding Konno soil. This result suggests that the Sr sorption reaction takes place on the surface of soil particles. The K_d values were also correlated to organic matter contents.

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Physical and Chemical Behaviors of Radioiodine in Atmospheres from Degraded Core to Environment Following Nuclear Reactor Accident

Mitsuo NARITOMI

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 189-207
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.189

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A Review on Contamination and Emergency Response Actions in USSR, European Countries and Japan in the Reactor Accident at Chernobyl

Jun AKAISHI, Tsutomu OHHATA

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 209-216
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.209

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A Brief Introduction of ICRP Publication 48: The Metabolism of Plutonium and Related Elements

Osamu MATSUOKA

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 217-221
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.217

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Reports from Radiation Workers (Vol. 22, No. 2)

Keizo YAMASAKI, Tadashi TSUJIMOTO, Kosuke KATSURAYAMA

1987 Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 236-240
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 25, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.22.236

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