When rats were orally given 500μmoles per kg of phenobarbital, the plasma level of corticosterone is not exhibited to be significantly changed. At 25 hours after pretreatment with phenobarbital, the activity of demethylation of methylbabital is markedly increased, but the demethylation of morphine and meperidine are not. The corticosterone level of plasma in rats which were pretreated with morphine intraperitoneally with a daily dose of 80 mg per kg was increased except the first day, while the activity of demethylation of meperidine and morphine was continued to decrease with chronic administration of morphine.

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A new method for the spectrophotometric determination of bromvalerylurea was established upon the reaction of 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein and bromine. The method improved the usual method with fluorescein in the points of sensitivity of reaction and the linearity of calibration curve. Bromvalerylurea is extracted with ether from a sample containing 20-100μg of it. After the removal of ether, the extract is heated with 1 ml of ammonia water for 20 min on a water bath at 100° and evaporated. The dried residue was warmed for 20 min on a water bath at 40° after the addition with 2 drops of hydrogen peroxide and 1 ml of 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein solution in glacial acetic acid (250 mg/liter). The reacted solution is added with 3 ml of pyridine and determined spectrophotometrically at 530 mμ. Bromdiethylacetylurea is determined similarly. The determination of bromvalerylurea in pharmaceutical preparations was carried out by this method and good results were obtained. Further study is required to apply this method for biological materials.

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Solutions of ²⁰³Hg-labelled phenyl mercuric acetate (PMA), phenyl mercuric chloride (PMC), ethyl mercuric chloride (EMC) and mercuric chloride (MC) were given to 4 groups of 3-6 rats by a single peroral injection, and the radioactivity in whole body of animals, feces and urine was measured every successive days with a Packard Armac Scintillation Counter, in order to investigate the body retention and excretion of radioactive mercury. The retained radioactivity in body decreased exponentially daily during the definite period after administration, namely, from about 10 th day in the cases of PMA and PMC, from the next day to administration of EMC and from 3rd day after administration of MC (Fig. 1-4), and the linear retention lines of Hg-compounds were depicted graphically on semi-logarithmic scale, and accordingly the biological half-lives of these radioactive mercury compounds were calculated from the lines. The periods showing exponential decreasing of radioactivity and the biological half-lives of mercury in those periods after administration of 4 kind of mercury compounds were shown as the following ; [table] The value of these calculated biological half-lives could be the result depending on the metabolic state of the 4 kind of compounds, ……absorption into blood, accumulation in the internal organs, clearance from the organs and metabolism in the interval……, and difference of the values among the compounds showed the difference of metabolic turn over rate among the compounds. The whole body count of animals after administration of MC fell to about 1% of initial count in 17 days, while in the cases of organic mercury compounds, over 2% of initial activity was still observed after 85, 63 and 107 days after a single administration of PMA, PMC and EMC, respectively.

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Recently, aluminum has been considered one of the biologically significant metals owing to the fact reported by I.H. Tipton that the concentration of aluminum in human lungs has a tendency to increase remarkably together with the advance of age, although in the other tissues, it remains at about the same level for whole age. This paper reports the study of the seasonal and geometrical variation of amounts of aluminum, iron and ash in deposits which were obtained from air at Chiba and Ichihara cities for a year from hygienic standpoint. Aluminum was found directly proportional to ash content, and its content in ash amounted to 6 to 8 per cent by weight. As aluminum in the deposits is major like iron, it is reasonably assumed that the accumulation of aluminum into human lungs depends mainly on the aluminum compounds in air pollution. Therefore, if the relation of aluminum to ash described above is disturbed by any factors, it could be considered to serve as a criterion for air pollution which might be brought by contamination of aluminum or other metals. As for iron, there was observed generally a roughly proportional relationship to ash content, and its amount in ash was in the range of 12 to 14 per cent by weight. However, when air was polluted by iron dusts from a iron works etc., the iron content in ash raised to about 20 per cent.

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The results of the experiment in cultivating micro planktonic green algae (especially Chlorella) with polluted river waters in Nagoya City are showed in this report. 1) The micro algae Chlorella can be simply caltivated with hard polluted river waters. (3, 000 lux : in the sun light) 2) This cultivated algae suspension contains 10^5-6 cells of Chlorella per ml (this suspension is called as "algae water"by the author.) 3) The algae could live for more than a week in polluted water without dissolved oxygen, still retain activity, and increase. 4) As far as algae was cultivated under the anaerobic condition at the beginning, the growth, of algae-eating organisms were satisfactorily controlled and the algae species except Chlorella were very few. In this experiment, neither sterilization nor separation of algae species was carried out. Algae species Chlorella was obtained as the dominant species from the polluted river water.

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In the cultivation of green algae Chlorella with hard polluted river water in Nagoya City cell numbers became 10^5-6/ml. This cultivated water is called as"algae water"by the author. This Chlorella in"algae water"was able to live until pH 3 in a low pH zone, and until 0.5 ppm of Cu²⁺, until 1.0 ppm of Pb²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Cr⁶⁺ for more than two days without any influence. These metals are contained in a plating waste. Limits of added waste volume to the"algae water"for living of green algae was 1/10 volume at the gas work, 1/20 volume at the plating factory, and 1/5 volume at the milling factory. These Facts show a part of information about the resistance of micro planktonic green algae against wastewaters.

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Two sampling stations which are 10 km and 50 km distant from the estuary of a tidal river (The River Naka) were prepared. The contents of samples taken at the stations were analysed 22 times from May 1964 to Feb. 1966. The relation between the contents in the river water and geographical features, and between water temperatures were investigated. The following results are obtained. 1. Under the same atmospheric condition, the turbidity and suspended solid in the river water among the mountains are more variable than those at the plain, since the year. On the other hand, the concentration of Cl ion and BOD value in the river water at the plain are more variable than those among the mountains. It is supposed that the component in the river water are influenced by circumstances of the river basin. 2. The suspended solid and turbidity in the river water are related to the water level. The dissolving oxygen content in the river water has correlation to the water temperature.

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Following after the previous paper, this paper reports the analysis of Al, Be and Cr by the combination of oxine, 2-methyloxine extraction and silica gel thin layer chromatography. Al, Be and Cr were extracted from sample water with chloroform after being treated with oxine (Ox) and 2-methyloxine (2-MOx) at pH 8. The chloroform extract was concentrated on a water bath, and treated with 0.5 ml of 3 N HCl. By this procedure, metals and some of oxine reagents were back-extracted together into acid layer. After removing the oxine reagents by bromination with sodium bromate-bromide system, the acid layer was applied to thin layer chromatography. The three metals were separated well by the solvent, ethanol : 1 N HNO₃ (99 : 1), and identified with oxine and ultra-violet ray for Al and Be, and with diphenylcarbazide for Cr respectively. The effect of anions, PO^3-₄, BO^3-₃, SO^2-₄, C₂O^2-₄, F^-, Cl^- and tartrate on the extraction of the three metals by oxine and 2-methyloxine method was also studied. Sensitivity of this method was found about 1 ppm for Be and Cr, and 0.1 ppm for Al.

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In order to investigate the atomospheric oxidation of linoleic acid, which generally offers the important factor for the rancidity of edible fats, we tried to oxidize pure methyl linoleate by passing oxygen at 110°. On each sample obtained at the interval of 1-2 hours during oxidation, several chemical constants such as peroxide value (P.O.V.), carbonyl value (Car.V.), acid value (A.V.), dinitrophenylhydrazine value (D.N.P.V.), thiobarbituric acid value (T.B.A.V.), refractive index (R.I.), and iodine value (I.V.) were measured. Moreover, the changes of UV and IR absorption spectra, and gas chromatograph on these samples were examined. The results obtained were as follows : methyl linoleate at first turned into trans-trans conjugated diene, hydroperoxide was formed in this high temperature oxidizing condition, then carbonyl compounds were produced, and carboxylic acids and polymeric compounds increased gradually. Besides the antioxidation effect by the addition of BHA (concentration of 0.1, 0.2%), and synergetic effect of citric acid (0.2%) were observed in this oxidation condition. Though the above mentioned condition is rather convenient for the observation of the effect of antioxidants in a short time, it is too violent to expect precise reproducibility with some chemical constants such as P.O.V. or D.N.P.V.

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Intensity of turbidity and its variation of the standard turbidity suspensions standardised by three methods, (1) Standard Method of Analysis for Hygienic Chemists authorized by PSJ, (2) Standard method of the water works law, and (3) Old standard method of the water works law, were compared. The rate of intensity of turbidity in (1), (2) and (3) method were 1.00, 1.3-1.4 and 0.83-0.88 respectively, and their variation of coefficient were 3.7, 6.6 and 32.7% respectively. Appreciable difference was recognized in the variation between the (1) and the (2) method. Therefore mixed kaolin obtained from various origins except halloysite should be used in the (2) method.

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