衛生化学
Print ISSN : 0013-273X
17 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1~10を表示しています
  • 橋本 喜信
    1971 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 363-379
    発行日: 1971/12/31
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 松本 勲, 米山 広勝, 田中 国雄, 木本 正二, 村上 ユリエ, 小川 清子
    1971 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 380-383
    発行日: 1971/12/31
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The content of methanol in cosmetics must be less than 0.2%, and it has been usually analysed by chromotropic acid colorimetry. This method, however, was not always satisfactory owing to the interference of perfumes, surface-active agents, and others in cosmetics. The modified procedure has been developed as follows : 20 ml of water was added to 5 ml of a sample and distilled, 10 ml of the distillate was transferred to a separatory funnel, shaken with 5 ml of petroleum benzine, and K2CO3 was added to the aqueous layer to seperate alcohol. Alcohol layer was made up to 5 ml with ethanol, diluted to 50 ml with water, 0.5 g of active carbon was added, and the filtrate was applied to the colorimetry procedure. Heating time and temperature in the color reaction were corrected to 40 min and 100°. Good reproducibility was obtained by this method.
  • 松本 勲, 米山 広勝, 田中 国雄
    1971 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 384-386
    発行日: 1971/12/31
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Analysis of methanol in cosmetics by chromotropic acid colorimetry is troublesome and time-consuming. For the pourpose of establishing much faster and simpler analytical method, application of gas chromatography was developed, the optimum conditions obtained being as follows : Column : 3 mmφ×3m, 10% DOP-PEC # 1000 (1 : 2) on Celite 545, temp. : 50°, carrier gas : He 40ml/min Methanol can be determined at the level of 0.01%, and detected at a limit of 0.005% on TCD and 0.003% on FID. By this method, methanol in cosmetics, even in the presence of a large quantity of ethanol, can be determined directry.
  • 山根 靖弘, 宮崎 元一, 坂井 和男, 今橋 強, 坂東 昭次, 村上 悠紀雄, 加地 信, 伊藤 道生
    1971 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 387-392
    発行日: 1971/12/31
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Radioactivation analysis, which is a characteristic method for a non-destructive analysis, was applied for the measurement of metal components in the deposits collected mainly in Kei-yo industrial zone (Chiba Prefecture). The method was tested for intermediate and longlived radioisotopes of metals such as iron, zinc, cobalt, antimony, and scandium, and the method was found to be applicable for their measurements in addition to the determination of aluminum and manganese which was already reported in the previous paper. The geometrical variation in the amounts of these elements in the deposits was also discussed from the analytical data of these elements. The amount of iron in the deposits was influenced by the iron works near the sampling point. In addition, a large amount of zinc and cobalt was also estimated in iron-rich deposit samples, and this was considered to be due to the iron works. However, a clear relation between the amount of chromium and the iron works was not observed. The amounts of antimony and scandium determined in this study showed no geometrical fluctuations.
  • 田中 克彦, 深谷 勝久, 葭谷 規由, 福井 昭三, 菅野 三郎
    1971 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 393-397
    発行日: 1971/12/31
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Atomic absorption spectrophotometry of different kinds of organic lead compounds is said to give different values of lead even in the equivalent concentration of lead but this was found to be true only in the use of a premix burner and the use of total consumption burner was found to give equal absorptions for the equivalent concentration solutions of lead diethyldithiocarbamate, tetraethyllead, and tetramethyllead. Based on this fact, a simplified method for the determination of lead content in gasoline was established. In this method, the sample of gasoline is diluted with methyl isobutyl ketone and absorbance of this solution is measured at 2170 Å, using the total consumption burner. The standard solution is prepared from the standard aqueous lead nitrate solution by the addition of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate solution and extracting it with methyl isobutyl ketone. This method is not only convenient and accurate but is also safe because dangerous tetraalkyllead is not used as the standard substance. Lead content of 24 kinds of commercial gasoline was analyzed by this method.
  • 佐谷戸 安好, 長谷川 明, 安藤 正典
    1971 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 398-403
    発行日: 1971/12/31
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Hygienic Chemical Studies on Poisonous Metals : Body Retention, Excretion, and Distribution Pattern of Cadmium Progress of industrial technology has been increasing environmental pollution in recent years. Itai-Itai disease occurred in Toyama Prefecture, which is considered to be caused by taking materials containing a large amounts of cadmium. Therefore, body retention, excretion, and distribution of cadmium were examined as the first step to reveal cadmium behavior in living organisms in order to elucidate the Itai-Itai disease factor. Most of the radioactive cadmium given by oral administration was excreted rapidly, about 90% into feces and 0.4% into urine on the first day. A small amount of the metal was absorbed and most of them accumulation in the liver. The whole-body counts in living animals showed about 10% of the dose on the first day, and it decreased rather gradually and about 0.6% of the dose was still retained 24 days after the administration. The biological half-life of absorbed cadmium was calculated statistically as 15.3 days during the time from 3 rd to 24 th day after administration. On the other hand, radioactive cadmium was also given intravenously to a group, of and about 25% was excreted into feces and 1.5% into urine on the 5 th day after administration. The whole-body counts after intravenous administration showed about 65% of the dose on the 5 th day, and it decreased slowly thereafter for a long period and the biological half-life of cadmium was 333.6 days. Linear retention lines of cadmium were plotted on a semilogarithmic scale during to 71 days after administration. Accumulation of radioactive cadmium in the liver was the highest among the organs, similar to oral administration. Accumulation of radioactive cadmium in the kidney increased with time.
  • 長谷川 利雄, 杉前 昭好
    1971 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 404-411
    発行日: 1971/12/31
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Concentration of lead in the atmosphere was measured at 12 sampling sites in Osaka every day in June (1969), October (1969) and February (1970). Lead in samples collected by High Volume Air Sampler, Cascade Centripeter, and Tape Air Sampler was determined by emission spectrographic an alysis. The monthly average concentration at various locations ranged from 0.11 to 4.44 μg/m3, with an overall average of 2.03 μg/m3. Distribution of lead content in air borne particulates formed distribution of approximately logarithmic normal type. Its mean value was 0.63% and the upper limit was 1.9% at the one-side significant level of 5%. Size distribution of lead particulates in the atmosphere was also investigated, and it was found that the distribution curves at every sampling site were almost similar and 81-98% of lead particulates were less than 1 μ in diameter. The inverse correlation was found between lead concentration in the atmosphere and wind velocity. The slope of the regression line, representing the ratio of lead concentration to wind velocity was greater in heavy traffic area than in residential area. Diurnal variation of lead concentration, determined continuously every hour by the Tape Air Sampler was also inversely correlated with wind velocity. In addition, correlation between lead and carbon monoxide concentration in the atmosphere was also studied.
  • 佐谷戸 安好, 松井 啓子, 外村 正治, 伴 与一郎, 山口 道雄, 赤枝 宏, 高橋 克已
    1971 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 412-418
    発行日: 1971/12/31
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to examine the effect of multi-stage flash distillation on the conversion of polluted sea water, fundamental experiments and quality test of fresh water were carried out. The plant used in this study was a coal mining company in Ikeshima, Nagasaki, and has a distilling capacity of 2650 ton/day. The results were as follows : 1) It was possible to prevent the NH3-N distillation completely when the pH value of sea water was adjusted to 4.0 with sulfuric acid. 2) Efficency of purification of sea water by this plant was excellent, but total hardness, Cl-, PO3-4, and metaphosphate of supply water were higher than those of total distilled water, because of the addition of metal-masking reagents and brine water in this supply water.
  • 外海 泰秀, 野村 幸雄
    1971 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 419-425
    発行日: 1971/12/31
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Determination of chromium in food coal-tar dyes was carried out by the method of the "Japanese Standards of Food Additives, " and the following results were obtained. 1. The wet ashing method was better than the dry one in the recovery of chromium. 2. Chromium might be lost partially during the dry ashing treatment. 3. Chromium was more accurately determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry than by diphenylcarbazide colorimetry. From these data, it was concluded that the atomic absorption spectrophotometry give more accurate result than the latter colorimetric method because chromium might be lost during the dry ashing treatment and pre-treatment in diphenylcarbazide colorimetry.
  • 伊藤 之子, 内山 紀子, 田中 光也
    1971 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 426-429
    発行日: 1971/12/31
    公開日: 2008/05/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Some properties of β-acetylglucosaminidase in bovine milk whey have been studied. The optimum at pH 4.4 and the Km value 1.13±0.062 (S.D.) mM were obtained for the crude enzyme in whey, using p-nitrophenyl N-acetylglucosaminide as a substrate. By carboxy methyl cellulose column chromatography of the whey protein, most of the enzyme activities appeared as a peak (a) at pH 5.0 and two peaks (b1 and b2) at pH 5.5. The Km values for a, b1, and b2 were respectively 1.19±0.077, 1.17±0.018, and 0.90±0.047 mM. Both the majority of the enzyme activities and the highest specific activity were found in "globulin and proteose-peptone fraction" obtained by the fractionation of whey protein with sodium sulfate. Heat stability of the enzyme in whey (at pH 4.4) and raw skimmed milk (at pH 6.9) was examined. The commercial milk sterilized by the ultrahigh temperature method did not show any β-acetylglucoaminidase activity.
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