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Volume 19 (1973)
- Issue 6 Pages 297-
- Issue 5 Pages 239-
- Issue 4 Pages 177-
- Issue 3 Pages 117-
- Issue 2 Pages 47-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 19, Issue 5
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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YOUKI OSE, RYOZO FUNASAKA, TAKAHIKO SATO1973 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 239-246
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSQuantitative separation of volatile fatty acids in feces and sewage was examined by gas chromatography, using 5% free fatty acid phase on Chamelite CS as the column packing and a hydrogen flame ionization detector. This method was applied to the examination of the daily variation of volatile fatty acids and BOD in the treated water from each process of night-soil treatment plants. The concentration of total volatile fatty acids in fresh feces was 6700 ppm and they consisted mostly of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids. After a lapse of 19 days, the concentration of total volatile fatty acids amounted to 4600 ppm, and acetic acid occupied 80% of them. Acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric, and valeric acids were detected in the samples obtained from the inlet tank and influent. In the effluent, most of them was acetic acid, and propionic acid was in small quantities. In the process of various treatment plants, the tendency for BOD value in the samples to decrease was similar to that of volatile fatty acids, and acetic acid was the main component in the volatile fatty acids.View full abstractDownload PDF (823K) -
TSUTANORI MINAMIKAWA, TOMI YOSHIDA, KAYOKO SAKAI, YOSHIMI NAKABASAMI1973 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 247-252
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new method is described for the quantitative determination of aescin in the seed extract of Aesculus Hippocastanum L. using a thin-layer chromatography and fluorometry. A sample was separated on a thin-layer of Wakogel B-5, developed by water-saturated BuOH : AcOH (6 : 1), and a spot of aescin (Rf=0.35) was detected by irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp (main wave length 3650 Å) after spraying the KMnO4-H2SO4 reagent. The fluorescent spot of aescin was scraped off completely and extracted with 85% H2SO4. The solution extracted was excited at4 12nm and measured at 454nm. Linearity between the amount of aescin and fluorescence intensity was recognized between 25 and 100 mg/10 ml.View full abstractDownload PDF (630K) -
FUMI TADA, KUMIKO TOMISHIGE, TAKAO TANIHARA, KOICHI YOKOYAMA, SHIZUO S ...1973 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 253-258
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistribution of heavy metals in the river-bottom mud was studied in River Usui flowing waste water of refinery drainage. The water and mud samples were collected in March and May 1972. Dryed soil was decomposed with HNO3 and H2O2, extracted with methyl isobutyl ketone, and the heavy metals were analyzed using atomic absorption. The samples obtained from the points near Takasaki city, flowing waste water from the refinery drainage, showed the highest concentration of Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu. The concentration of heavy metals in mud collected at about 300m down-stream from the inflow of drainage was lower. At the point where refinery drainage had been flowing in for along period, the amount of metals increased in proportion to depth, while at the point where waste water of drainage flowed in recent years, the concentration decreased in proportion to depth. There was a relationship among Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in the surface layer of mud.View full abstractDownload PDF (649K) -
OSAMU SAKAGUCHI, KATSUSHI YOKOTA, IPPEI SAKURAI1973 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 259-263
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of organic loading on flock formation was observed in the activated sludge process of fish-meat wastes. The presence of carbohydrates in the waste was a distinct obstacle in the purification process and, in particular, a remarkable bulking phenomenon was observed experimentaly at the concentration of 0.5% sucrose in the waste. Fish oil was also a striking obstacle in the waste purification. From the reduction rate of triphenyl tetrazolium chloride dehydrogenase activity in the bulking sludge was found to be lower than that not containing carbohydrates or oil. High nitrogen loading in the wastes caused turbidity in supernatant liquid after purification. The prolific growth of different filamentous microorganisms was found in the bulking sludge after organic loading.View full abstractDownload PDF (929K) -
YOUKI OSE, KATSUHIKO NAKAMURO, MAMORU SUGIURA1973 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 264-270
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to shorten the period and raise the efficiency of the feces and sewage treatment, alkali proteinase was used and then the ingredients of night soil was examined. The activity of alkali proteinase still remained in sewage after 4 days. When night soil was treated with alkali proteinase, BOD and fatty acids increased, and organic nitrogen changed to ammonium nitrogen. A large amount of amino acid was detected on the first day, but almost none of amino acids was detected on the fourth day. The experiment to certify the constituents of organic substances which increase BOD carried out using gel filtration with Sephadex G-15 showed that the peak of fatty acid coincided with that of BOD. Approximately 69% of BOD after treatment with alkali proteinase was found to be attributable to fatty acids. The feces and sewage treatment with alkali proteinase was found to be available to shorten the period and raise the efficiency of treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (787K) -
MASAYOSHI YAMAGUCHI, YASUNOBU SUKETA, TAKEO YAMAMOTO1973 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 271-276
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo know the calcium metabolism of rats treated with lead acetate, the serum and urinary calcium levels were determined, and the hepatic calcium content was measured. No differences were demonstrated in the serum and urinary calcium levels in the lead-administered and control rats but significant difference was found between the two groups in the serum and urinary amount of inorganic phosphorus and in the serum alkaline phosphatase activity. Correlation between alkaline phosphatase activity and inorganic phosphorus was demonstrated in the serum. In the thyroparathyroidectomized rats, the serum calcium level of the lead-treated group increased 1.25 times (P<0.01) that of the untreated group. The calcium content in liver of rats treated with lead was about 22 times that of the control rats. In the case of thyroparathyroidectomized rats, the former was only about 3 times that of the latter. From these facts it is demonstrated that thyroid and parathyroid glands in lead-poisoned rat play an important part in high calcium accumulation in the liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (683K) -
TETSUYA ISHIKAWA, YOUKI OSE, TAKAHIKO SATO1973 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 277-280
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate the degradation mechanism of treatment plant of non-diluted night soil, changes in the composition of the contents at each treatment process wers measured. Each sample was separated into three fractions (soluble, fine particles, and coarse particles) by centrifugation and component of each fraction was analyzed. BOD, COD, Kjeldahl-N, NH3-N, albumin-N, andvola tile fatty acids were greatly removed in the 1st digestion tank, especially in the soluble and fine-particle fractions. BOD removal was well related to the removal of volatile fatty acids. It became clear that gel-filtration on Sephadex G25 was a useful method to observe the effect of removal. On the comparison of elution diagram at OD280 of the supernatant from each sample (centrifugation at 1200×g), the peakhights decreased well in the 1st digestion tank. Almost all the peaks of low molecules disappeared.View full abstractDownload PDF (522K) -
SHIGEO UKAI, KAZUO HIROSE, SHOZI KAWASE1973 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 281-286
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA gas chromatographic method is described for determinig diquat (I) and paraquat (II), separately and simultaneously, in aqueous herbicide preparations. Analysis of I and II was performed by gas chromatography (detector : HFID) of their reduction products, which were derived by treatment with sodium borohydride. The ethyl acetate solutions of the reduction-products were injected into the gas chromatograph apparatus equipped with a glass column containing Gas-Chrom Z coated with 5% KOH and 5% PEG-6000 at 180° (usual determination) or 165° (simultaneous determination). These conditions were found to result in the satisfactory separation of the reduction products of I and II. This procedure is well suited forthe assay of 5-65 μg/ml concentration of I and II (internal standard substance : o-phenylenediamine). The main compounds isolated from the reduction-products of I and II were presumed on the basis of the results of nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectra, and from elementary analysis to be N, N'-ethylene-1, 1', 2, 2', 3, 3', 6, 6'-octahydro-6, 6'-bipyridyl (III) and N, N'-dimethyl-1, 1', 2, 2', 3, 3', 6, 6'-octahydro-4, 4'-bipyridyl (IV), respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (694K) -
TAMIO MIZUTANI, MASAYOSHI MATSUMOTO1973 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 287-292
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to be able to carry out an easy separation of 1, 1-dichloro-2, 2-bis (p-chloro-phenyl) ethylen (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's), a convenient and rapid procedure for the oxidative derivation of DDE to p, p'-dichlorobenzophenone (DCBP) was developed. An aliquot of cleaned-up sample was applied on a microcolumn filled with zones of silica gel/water and silica gel/chromium trioxide/50% acetic acid as a solid support. The microcolumn was then heated in an oven at 100° for 2hr. In the subsequent fractionation by dry column chromatography, PCB's were eluted in the hexane fraction, while DCBP produced by oxidation was eluted in the ethyl etherhexane (15 : 85) fraction. These eluates were applicable to electron-capture gas chromatographic analysis without any further manipulation. The yield of DCBP from DDE in the 0.1-3μg range was practically quantitative, and the recovery of PCB's in the 0.5-3 μg range was 74 to 99% according to the average chlorine content of the individual PCB preparations.View full abstractDownload PDF (699K) -
KEIKO WATANABE, TADASHI FUJITA1973 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 293-295
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Analysis of fatty acid composition and lipid peroxide content in the commercial dried instant Chinese noodles and buckwheat noodles were examined. 2) Chinese noodles contained saturated fatty acids (C14 : 0, C16 : 0, C18 : 0) and unsaturated fatty acids (C16 : 1, C18 : 1, C18 : 2) but content of linoleic acid and linolenic acid was higher in buckwheat noodles than in Chinese noodles. 3) Lipid peroxide content was very high in some dried Chinese noodles but very low in the buckwheat noodles.View full abstractDownload PDF (404K)
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