The aliphatic secondary amines react with carbon disulfide and copper ion in the presence of ammonia, and water-insoluble complex is formed. This reaction was applied to screening test for methamphetamine in extract from urine. The procedure is as follows : The sample urine is washed with hexane, and carbon disulfide, copper ion, and ammonia water are added. This mixture is shaken and the copper complex of methamphetamine is extracted with benzene. A yellow coloration of benzene layer suggests the presence of methamphetamine. The benzene is evaporated, and infrared spectrum of the copper complex of methamphetamine is measured. The limit of identification for methamphetamine was 20 μg/10 ml urine by coloration of benzene layer and 0.5 mg/10 ml urine by infrared spectrometry.

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A method for high-speed liquid chromatographic determination of o-phenylphenol in citrus fruits was investigated. Determination was carried out successfully by using p-tert-amylphenol as an internal standard. o-Phenylphenol and the internal standard were steam-distilled from citrus fruit samples, and extracted with ether from the resulting distillate after washing with carbon tetrachloride. The recovery of o-phenylphenol was 93.8% (σ rel. 1.5%).

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A preconcentration-atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) analysis has been established for the measurement of a micro amount of copper in a deposit. The preconcentration is carried out using a column packed with glass beads coated with 3% 4, 4, 4-trifluoro-1-phenyl butane-1, 3-dione (BFA) as a chelating agent. Soluble fraction of the deposit which contains a micro amount of copper (about 1-5 ppb) is passed through the column at a neutral pH range, and the copper is found to be retained quantitatively by the column as a BFA chelate. After the chelate is dissolved in a definite volume of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), copper is measured immediately by flame AAS. As ascertained by recovery test for copper added previously to the sample, no matrix effect of the sample was observed. Average recovery amounted to 96%, and the coefficient of variation was about 8%. Moreover, sensitivity for copper in AAS increased by the addition of excess BFA to the sample.

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A method is described for the determination of tributyltin and triphenyltin fungicides in synthetic resin emulsion paints by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry and two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Tributyltin and triphenyltin compounds can be extracted from paints with methanol containing 1.7% of hydrogen chloride. The methanol extract is diluted to 4-fold volume with phosphate-citrate buffer solution (pH 2.0), and both tributyltin and triphenyltin are extracted with hexane. Hexane is carefully evaporated, and the residue is re-dissolved in dichloromethane. This solution is passed through an alumina column to remove dibutyltin and diphenyltin compounds which might disturb the determination of tributyltin and triphenyltin. After evaporation of dichloromethane from the eluate, the residue is heated with concentrated nitric acid and its tin concentration is determined by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Detection limit as metal tin is 0.2 μg/g. Average recovery (five experiments) from 1 g of the paint added with 10 μg of tributyltin or triphenyltin, was in the range of 87.1-90.1% (tributyltin) and 74.7-82.1% (triphenyltin), depending on the type of the paint. The presence of tributyltin or triphenyltin in the paint is confirmed by two-dimensional TLC, using dichloromethane and hexane-acetone-acetic acid (16 : 3.5 : 0.5) as developing solvents and 0.1% dithizone solution in acetone as a spraying reagent. Tributyltin and triphenyltin compounds in 14 commercial emulsion paints were determined.

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The mechanism of protein and amino acid removal from a digested night soil by an activated sludge was studied. The immediate removal amount of total albumin by activated sludge was 2.7 mg/Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS)·g and that of albumin precipitated by trichloroacetic acid was 3.6 mg/MLSS·g. The removal rate of total albumin was 4.9 mg/MLSS·g/hr and that of the albumin precipitated was 6.1 mg/MLSS·g/hr. The protein precipitated and the total amino acids in the digested night soil decreased in the aeration tank by activated sludge but increased in the effluent from the night soil treatment plant. This phenomenon was explained by the autolysis of activated sludge in the sedimentation tank.

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A simple method for measurement of linoleic acid by high pressure liquid chromatography was developed to examine the degradation of linoleic acid in the presence of metals and their EDTA complexes. The chromatographic conditions were as follows : Column, Hitachi gel 3010-CH₂OH (20cm×4mm) ; mobile phase, EtOH-0.01 N HCl (9 : 1) ; flow rate, 1 ml/min ; detector, UV (at 254nm). The degradation rate of linoleic acid was examined under following conditions : A mixture of 2.9ml of 0.05M HEPES (N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid) buffer (pH 7.2), 1.0 ml of 3 mM EDTA or distlled water, and 0.1 ml of 3 mM metal solution was placed in a test tube, 0.1 ml of 0.1 M linoleic acid in EtOH was added and the mixture was kept for 24 hr at 25°. A portion of the mixture (20 μl) was injected into the liquid chromatograph to measure residual linoleic acid. It was found that Mn²⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺ and Fe³⁺-EDTA remarkably accelerated the oxidative degradation of linoleic acid, while Mn²⁺-EDTA suppressed the degradation.

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Gas chromatographic analysis by the low-temperature condensation method was applied to the determination of a trace amount of methyl bromide and ethyl bromide in the atmosphere. The sample air was trapped in a vacuum bottle of 1 l capacity from the environmental atmosphere, placed in the sample condensation tube, filled with 1% TCP-Shimalite and chilled in liquid oxygen, and the tube was heated to introduce the test component into the gas chromatograph. This method allowed a recovery of over 90% of methyl and ethyl bromides, and precision of repetition was below 10% in variability rate. This method of determination was not interfered by the presence of hydrocarbons and organosulfur compounds. Limit of detection was 0.14 ppb for methyl bromide and 60 ppb for ethyl bromide. This method was therefore found to be a useful method for the determination of a trace amount of aliphatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere. This method was applied for the test of air around the border of a craft pulp factory and methyl bromide of around 1 ppb was detected.

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A method for preservation of nitrogen in water and waste water was investigated. 1) In the case of strong acid condition, NO₂-N in water decreased, and in the sealed condition, NO₂-N was converted to NO₃-N almost quantitatively. 2) NH₃-N in water decreased at above pH 8.0. NO₃-N in water was stable under all the pH range. 3) When the sample was preserved at 5°, NH₈-N, NO₂-N, NO₃-N, and Kjeldahl-N in water did not change within 24 hr. 4) When chloroform was added to the sample as a preservation reagent, chloroform interfered negatively on the determination of NH₃-N in water by the indophenol method, and also interfered negatively on NO₃-N reduction by cadmium-copper column. It is recomended that the sample be adjusted to pH 4.0-8.0 region, covered with a stopper, preserved at 5°, and analyzed within 24 hr.

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Cannabis F₁ was obtained by crossing the plants containing cannabidiolic acid (CBDA)-cannabis (female), and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA)-cannabis (male). CBDA-cannabis, a test-cultured stock, does not contain a hallucinogenic component, while THCA-cannabis contains it. Main components of cannabis F₁ were analyzed by gas chromatography and thin-layer chromatography. All 8 specimens of cannabis F₁ were found to contain CBDA and THCA equally, and therefore the cannabis F₁ was named the median type. Further, cannabis F₂ was obtained by crossing cannabis F₁ themselves. Main components of 71 speciment of cannabis F₂ were analyzed and the number of patterns classified as CBDA type, THCA type, and median type was 19, 20, and 32, respectively.

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An attempt was made to examine environmental contamination according to a claim made to the Miyagi Prefectural Jury for Public Nuisance for a factory carrying on mining of a rock and manufacturing crushed stones. This was tested by measuring multi-element of metals in the leaves of Cryptomeria japonica by emmission spectrography and comparing the pattern of relative abundance of metals in the leaves from various localities. The comparison was carried out by the calculated coefficient of pattern similality. In view of the similality of patterns in terms of content of 10 metals, the dust falling at or around the client's residence was interpreted as having come from the closely running unpaved road and not from the factory in question.

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