衛生化学

The alkaline hydrolysis products of eight organophosphorous insecticides, ethylparathion, methylparathion, ethyl p-nitrophenyl thionobenzene phosphonate (EPN), o, o-dimethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl)-thionophosphate (Diazinon), tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP), diethyl [(di-o-methyl thiophosphono)-thio]succinate (Malathion), dimethyl-1-hydroxy2, 2, 2-trichlo-roethyl phosphonate (Dipterex), and dimethyl-2, 2-dichlorovinyl phosphate (DDVP), were fractionated by means of paper chromatography and paper electrophoresis. Some of the main hydrolysis products of each insectiside were identified with authentic specimens. The results obtained gave an effective systematic identification method for the detection of one of or mixture of these insecticides.

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In an investigation of mercapto-compounds and related substances used as cold permanent wave lotion (C), an ascending chromatographic process was examined. The compounds were : thioglycolic acid (I), dithiodiglycolic acid, thioethanol, 1-thioglycerol, thiolacetic acid, dithiodiglycol amide, iso-octylthioglycolate, glycoldimercaptoacetate, mercaptoethylamine, thiodiglycolic acid, β-thiodiglycolate, pseudothiohydantoine, thiourea, Bunte salt, dicyandiamide, Na₂S (II), Na₂SO₃ (III) and Na₂S₂O₃ (IV). The solvent is BuOH : HOAc : H₂O (5 : 1 : 4), BuOH : conc. NH₄OH : H₂O (5 : 1 : 4) and BuOH : EtOH : H₂O (4 : 1 : 5). The chromatogram was sprayed with the following reagents ; ammoniacal AgNO₃ Cu (OAc)₂, Mn (OAc)₂, Co (OAc)₂, resazurin and rhodamine 6G to detect the spots. The sample of (I) was allowed to stand with alkali and the solution was submitted to chromatography, showing four spots with Rf values different from that of (I).

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The preceding papers have been described about the reaction between thiamine chloride hydrochloride and the free-base form of strong-base anion exchanger, Amberlite IRA-400 and Dowex 1. Thiamine was found to be uptaken by the exchanger and to exist as the thiol-form of thiamine in the exchanger. It is not considerable that the thiol-form of thiamine has exchangeable functional groups except for the sulfhydryl group. However, knowledge of ion exchange reaction about thiol-compounds is limited. Therefore, ion exchange reaction between thiol-compounds (thioglycol, thioglycerol and dimercaprol) and the free-base form of strong-base anion exchanger was studied. It was established that these thiol-compounds were uptaken by the exchanger and this sorption step was based on the stoichiometric relation. And the sulfhydryl group of the thiol-compounds was proved to have the ability of combination with the quaternary ammonium group of the exchanger. Accordingly the sulfhydryl group of the thiol-form of thiamine in the exchager is concluded to combine with the ion active group of the exchanger.

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A new colorimetric determination of micro-quantities of chloride ion by use of mercurous molybdate and thioglycolic acid is described. 1 ml of N-HNO₃ and 0.1 mg of mercurous molybdate are added to 10 ml of sample solution containing less than 50μg/ml of chloride ion, stirred for 10 minutes, and filtered off. 5 ml of the filtrate is treated with 0.5 ml of 2% thioglycolic acid and the light absorbancy of colored solution is estimated at 365m. Calibration curve obeys Beer's law. This method is applied to the determination of chloride ion of hydrochloric acid in air. Air is passed through 20 ml of distilled water at the speed of 3 lites per minute, and the solution is treated by the method mentioned above. The sensitivity of this method is about 0.04 ppm as hydrochloric acid.

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