The maxillary excretory function test attributable to the preoperative determination of pathological changes in maxillary mucosa and to the determination of therapy has been studied from the points of view of the selection of contrast medium, of the administration technique of it, of the excretory time of it, and of the method of photography.
From the discussion on some problems of maxillary excretory function test such as a classification of photograms etc., it is recognized that Daito's method using the highly concentrated contrast media is most valuable in clinical practise.
Moreover, by the detailed investigation of the diagnostic and the therapeutic significance, the author has known that this method which has a direct relation to the ciliary function of impaired sinus mucosa and to the pathological mucous thickness has a further qualitative and quantitative significance on the sinusitis of which diagnosis has not been reliable and precise.

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Recent studies tend to interpret the functional lesions of inner ear in connection with the circulatory lesions in inner ear.Prof.Kawata described his opinion on the cochlea, accordingly on the cochlear blood vessels, in the time of acoustic trauma.The author has studied of the influence of acoustic trauma or of noise on the cochlear blood vessels and obtained the following results.
1) The experimental cats and guinea-pigs were classified by two groups of normal group and noise-exposed group. The latter group was subdivided by short exposure group and long exposure group. As the noise generator, the first type noise generator, the second and the third generator were used.
2) For testing the hearing of experimental animals, Preyer's pinna reflex, cochlear microphonics, and conditioned reflex were utilized.
3) Next, the continuous dissection was made after the injection of indian ink by Takeshige's method.
4) In normal group with indian ink injection, cochlear vesseles, especially A.scalae vestibulae and A.spiralis, could be traced to the peripheral capillary nets.
5) In 17 of short exposed 28 guinea-pigs, the indian ink to spiral ligament, especially to stria vascularis, in the basal and the second turn could not be obtained.
6) Similärly, in 8 of short exposed 32 cats, the injected indian ink could not be observed in the spiral ligament and stria vascularis in the basal or in the basal and the second turn.
7) In 3 of long exposed 8 gunea-pigs, the injected indian ink was recognized at the spiral ligament, stria vascularis, and the capillary nets in the basal and the second turn, but the progress of blood vessels could not be clarified.
Moreover, in comparison with the short exposed group, the remarkable vaso-constricted figure was observed in all turns.
8) The dose of indian ink entering into the cochlea was varied by the intensity or the frequency of noise: the change in animals exposed to the third noise appeared in a short time while that to the first noise was slightly.
9) These changes of injected indian ink would be due to the intensive constriction of peripheral blood vessels or to the formation of thrombosis.
10) Since these results were in parallel with the degree of hearing impairment, it is thought that the cochlear function is directly or indirectly influenced by the circulatory state in cochlear blood vessels.

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In 1802 coalminers working in various positions of certain coalmine and in 130 driving men exposing to the noise, the interrelation between the noise in work area and the oto-rhinolaryngological findings was investigated. The following results were obtained.
(1) In the findings of tympanic membrane, the frequency of cone of light, opacity and retraction was more specific in the workers exposing to noise than in the workers in other work area.
In other words, the retraction and the opacity were frequently observed while the cone of light was sometimes seen. And the frequency of retraction evidently increases with the progress of years of service.
(2) Comparing the normal noses with the pathological noses, the cone of light is more freqnently observed in the former tlan in the latter, and the rate of opacity is higher in the latter than in the former. However, in the worker exposing to noise the high rate of them was observed in the normal nose group, and in the workers non-exposing to noise that was observed in pathological nose group.
(3) The retraction of tympanic membrane was observed in the ratio of 38.9% or 40% in driving men or in rivetters respectively.
According to the precise examination by use of the retraction-grade measuring of tympanic membrane, the driving men group showed the retraction in 56%.
(4) From the fact that the workers, without tubal stenosis and in the noise, frequently show the retraction and opacity, it is assumed that these changes of tympanic membrane may be resulted from the causes except tubal stenosis.
(5) The frequency of tubal stenosis observing in 43% of driving men exposed to noise increased with the working years and was especially remarkable in the aged exposed to noise.
(6) There was no significant interrelation between the frequency of oto-rhinolarygological findings except cone of light, opacity or retraction and the noise intensity in working environment.
(7) From the above facts, it is supposed that the finding immediately related to the noise environment among the oto-rhinolarygological findings in the coalminers is the retraction of tympanic membrane of which appearance may have a direct relation to the work under noise.

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First the hearing in 280 ears of 140 driving men in noisy environment was examined. And the patency of eustachian tube, the retraction grade of tympanic membrane (Prof. Kawata), the development of middle ear pneumatisation, the tonicity of autonomic nervous system, or the vestibular function was examined in order to classify the noise-susceptibility. Moreover, these results were compared with the hearing acuity. The following data were obtained.
(1) The audiogram of a person whose working years count above five years suddenly shows the pathological hearing type, and the increase in hearing loss is parallel with that in working years, the frequency of deafness becoming high rate.
(2) A-type (34.0%), dip type (22.5%), C-type (22.5%), D-type (13.9%), W-type (2.5%), F-type (1.8%), B-type (1.4%), and E-type (1.4%)(Prorf. Kawata) as their hearing types could be measured.
With increase of working year, the hearing type shifts from C5-dip type to abrupt type, and then from abrupt type to declining type.
(3) It is supposed from above results that the driving men engaged for long year (above ten years) show the peculiar hearing impairment namely the occupational deafness.
(4) In the workers, the hearing impairment with tubal stenosis is more severe than the case with good pertubation. The author could not obtain the exact conclusion on the defference of hearing with or without the retraction of tympanic membrane.
(5) The hearing impairment due to acoustic trauma is more slight in the welldeveloped pneumatisation than in the poor pneumatisation.
The air-cell system of mastoid process probably behaves as a protector of labyrinth to intens and continuous sound.
(6) In the test of autonomic nervous system, S₂-type, especially So-type, has the resistance to acoustic trauma, and on the contrary V-type, especially V₂-, V₃-, or V₄-type, has the ausceptibility which may be labile in autonomic nervous condition.
(7) The deviation in waltzirg test (Frcf. Fukuda) was chstived in 41.2 % of workers, and that increased with the increase of working years or with the pregress of deafness. But there was no case of spontaneous nystagmus. Accordingly it is thought that the driving work gives somewhat influence on the vestibular function of driving men.
(8) Finally the consideration of occupational deafness of coalminers was described with the recent investigation of occupational deafness in this country.

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The minimum reaction value of acoustic pupillary reflex from c¹ area to c⁶ area was, in rabbits, determined by the simultaneous use of the improved continuous zonal photography and the rational macroscopic observation. Moreover, using the minimum reaction value curve and its fluctuation, the reactive pupillary function, the mechanism of its appearance and the hearing impairment caused by exposure to noise were investigated in rabbits. The following results were obtained.
The acoustic pupillary reaction in physiological state in rabbits is a reactive phenomenon which reveals the various patterns under the influences from cerebral cortex, and that reaction appears with concomitance of sympathetic excitation in its occurrence. And the mydriasis during acoustic stimulation is able to contain the mydriasis due to the inhibitory parasympathetic action under certain level of cortical excitation. The minimum reaction value is distinguishable by the difference of age or sex and the individual.
Furthermore, it is known that the results of fluctuation of minimum reaction value tell the functional state of perceptive activity or of autonomic nervous activity.
Next, from the experiments of the effect of noise upon the auditory function of rabbits, three stages can be devided in the formation and in the recovery of auditory impairment due to noise exposure.
The property of c⁵ dip-like phenomenon observable in the curve of minimum reaction value in each stage was investigated. The c⁵-dip in the first stage, which signifies the transient disturbance of auditory function, shows the intensive resistance of auditory organ to the noise exposure, since this disturbance vanishes after a short time. The reduced c⁵-dip in the third stage means the decrease of resistance in all frequency area to excessive stimulus, while the c⁵-dip in the second stage is the mixture of above two types.

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