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Volume 101, Issue 7
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Shintaro Chiba, Tetuo Ashikawa, Hiroto Moriwaki, Masakazu Tokunaga, Hi ...1998 Volume 101 Issue 7 Pages 873-878
Published: July 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 08, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (590K) -
Takashi Shimizu, Kazumi Makishima, Masafumi Yoshida, Hidetoshi Yamagis ...1998 Volume 101 Issue 7 Pages 879-883
Published: July 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe characteristics of listening to English words for Japanese people were studied in ten normal hearing subject who had taken English classes to the level of college graduates and had opportunities to learn English continuously. Following pure tone audiornetry, speech audiometry was performed using the Central Institute for the Deaf (CID)W-1 and W-22 word lists for English and the 67-S word lists for Japanese. The speech reception thresholds (SRTs) for the CID W-1 lists were significantly higher than the average pure tone threshold (PTT), although the SRTs for the 67-S lists were equal to the average PTT. The difference in average SRT between the CID W-1 lists and the 67-S lists was about 15dB, which is statistically significant. The speech discrimination rate for the CID W-22 lists ranged from 78 to 100 percent with an average of 89.5 percent, while all subjects achieved the discrimination rate of 100 percent for the 67-S lists. Analysis with transient matrices of the perceived words demonstrated that the articulation rates were below 90 percent for the consonants/m/, /n/, /p/, and/δ/.The observed variation in the speech discrimination score and the pattern of confusion among the subjects was assumed to be much more pronounced in noisy conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1114K) -
Route into the Inner Ear from the Arachnoid SpaceMakoto Kano1998 Volume 101 Issue 7 Pages 884-894
Published: July 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn humans, metastatic tumors which invaded the temporal bones have been studied in regard to the relationship between histopathologic findings and clinical symptoms. On the other hand, there is no experimental study using an animal model for tumor infiltration into the temporal bone. This study was designed to establish such an animal model and examine the temporal bones histopathologically. Rat thymic lymphoma cells (FTL-A2) were inoculated into the cisterna magna of Wistar rats. The animals were decapitated under deep anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium from the 1st to 8th day after inoculation. Their heads were fixed with Heiden-hain SuSa solution, decalcified, dehydrated, embedded in relloidn and sectioned horizontally at a thickness of 25μm.These were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and histologically examined by light microscopy. Inoculated tumor cells showed active viability in the arachnoid space at a rate of 98%. Two major routes of tumor cell infiltration into the inner ear were found: the cochlear aqueduct and the internal auditory canal. At the early stage after the inoculation, tumor cells infiltrated the scala tympani through the cochlear aqueduct. Invading the fiber of the cochlear nerve, tumor cells infiltrated Rosenthal's canal via the tractus spiralis foraminosus, and passed through Rosenthal's canal and the osseous spiral lamina into the scaly tymani. However, tumor cells did not infiltrate the organ of Corti through the habenula perporata. Tractus spiralis foraminosus and habenula perforata functioned as a barrier against tumor infiltration. In a few cases, tumor cells infiltrated over the macula cribrosa into the subepithelial space of the utricule and saccule. The macula cribrosa functioned as a barrier.View full abstractDownload PDF (4307K) -
Hajime Ishinaga, Akihiko Kato, Hiroyuki Yamada1998 Volume 101 Issue 7 Pages 895-899
Published: July 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBetween 1986 and 1997, 18 patients with high-grade salivary gland malignancies were treated at our institution. Histologically, 7 of the 18 malignant tumors were adenoid cystic carcinomas. 4 were carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma, 3 were undifferentiated carcinomas and 4 were others. For treatment of the neck, 11 patients underwent neck dissection, 1 received supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOMH) and 7 received no neck treatment. In our study, there was no difference according to local-regional control as to whether to use neck dissection or not. The result do not suggest that prophylactic total neck dissection for salivary gland carcinoma show an impressive degree of improvement in local-regional control. Total neck dissection should be performed when the neck is clinically positive for a tumor. Based on the above findings, we concluded that SOMH is feasible for submandibullar gland cancer without positive lymph nodes.View full abstractDownload PDF (509K) -
An Objective Study in 30 Allergic and Six Non-allergic SubjectsSachio Takeno, Hiroko Kawamoto, Sitau Hirata, Noriyuki Fukushima, Koji ...1998 Volume 101 Issue 7 Pages 900-907
Published: July 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this prospective clinical study, we investigated the effect of the nasal decongestant tramazoline on nasal airway patency in 30 subjects with perennial nasal allergy to housedust mites and in six non-allergic volunteers who served as controls. The allergic subjects were further subdivided into two groups, the severe group and the moderate group, according to the level of specific IgE. We used acoustic rhinometry as an objective method, and the nasal cavity volume (NCV) and the minimum cross-sectional area (MCA) were measured before and 10 minutes after nasal spraying. Before mucosal decongestion, the average NCV in the severe group was 5.94cm3, which was significantly lower than those in the other two groups: 7.0cm3 in the control group and 8.13cm3 in the moderate group. respectively (P=0.02). A more significant difference was found when the first 3-cm area of the NCV was evaluated (P=0.009). Pharmacologic decongestion caused an increase in nasal patency by 54% from the baseline NCV values in the control group, 38% in the moderate group and 48% in the severe group. There was no significant difference among the three groups. Changes in nasal symptoms were also determined by questionnaire. The degree of improvement in subjective nasal congestion was more pronounced in the allergic groups than in the control group.View full abstractDownload PDF (1849K) -
Naoki Uramoto, Takaki Miwa, Takeo Donjyo, Tadashi Ishimaru, Mitsuru Fu ...1998 Volume 101 Issue 7 Pages 908-915
Published: July 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study was to examine the function of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the olfactory tract of mice. Using the mice which had received unilateral olfactory bulbectomy and in which antibodies to NGF had been continuously infused with into the contralateral olfactory bulb, three kinds of analysis were performed: histological analysis of the olfactory epithelium by HE staining, immnohistochemical analysis of the olfactory epithelium using polyclonal antibodies to trk which forms the NGF receptor, and olfactory-mediated behavioral analysis with cycloheximide. These animals had been sacrificed at day 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 or 28. Several findings were obtained as a result of the above analysis. Degeneration of the olfactory epithelium and trk expression by the olfactory cells were observed on day 7, and the olfactory epithelium was incompletely regenerated on day 28. However, trk expression by the olfactory cell was still recognized and the olfactory function was not restored by day 28. These examinations suggest that NGF produced in the olfactory bulb was transported retrogradely to olfactory cells through the olfactory nerves, and was associated with sustaining the existence of those cells and with regenerating the olfactory tract after injury.View full abstractDownload PDF (1764K) -
Michiya Kosaka1998 Volume 101 Issue 7 Pages 916-923
Published: July 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA retrospective study of 85 patients with IgA nephropathy was undertaken to determine the long-term effect of tonsillectomy. Forty-three patients (24 males and 19 females) had received tonsillectomies (Group A) and 42 patients (17 males and 25 females) had not (Group B). These patients had been followed up for more than 5 years after renal biopsy. The average age at the initial renal biopsy was 25.72 years in Group A, and 33.16 years old in Group B. The average period from renal biopsy to tonsillectomy in Group A was 10.47 months. The average follow-up period was 8 years and 9 months in both groups. At the beginning of treatment, the two groups were well matched in terms of creatinine clearance, urinalysis, and blood pressure. Six patients in Group A and eight patients in Group B were treated with steroids. The glomerular injury detected at the renal biopsy was more extensive in Group A than in Group B. Renal function in the two groups was compared. The clinical remission rate in Group A was significantly higher than in Group B (P<0.01). The stable renal function rate in Group A was significantly higher than in Group B (P<0.05). The renal survival rate was 97.7% in Group A and 83.3% in Group B, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. Histologicaly, the rate of remission of the minor lesion in Group A was significantly higher than in Group B (P<0.05). Our results showed that tonsillectomy for IgA nephropathy was clinically of great value.View full abstractDownload PDF (1729K) -
Muneki Hotomi, Takao Samukawa, Jun Shimada, Masaki Suzumoto, Noboru Ya ...1998 Volume 101 Issue 7 Pages 924-930
Published: July 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStreptococcus Pneumoniae is a leading cause of acute otitis media (AOM). For most AOM caused by S. pneumoniae, penicillin is the antibiotic of choice. However, there are some recent reports of clinical resistance to penicillin by S.pneumoniae. The sequences of penicillin binding protein, pbp1a, pbp2b and pbp2x, genes of penicillinresistant S.pneumoniae (PRSP) were more highly divergent than those of penicillin-susceptible S.pneumoniae (PSSP). The olymerase chain reaction (PCR) can easily determine whether an S.pheumoniae isolate is susceptible or resistant to penicillin by amplifying the target gene by using a combination of primers. In this study, clinical isolates (n=12) were obtained from the nasopharynx of patients with AOM. PCR was used to confirm the identification of an isolate as S.pneumoniae by amplifying the autolysin gene and to detect three PBP genes by amplifying parts of pbp1a, pbp2x and pbp2b. The resistance of S.pneumoniae to penicillin and other β-lactams has been shown to be associated with mosaic mutations in the pbpla, pbp2b and pbp2x genes. These findings suggest that rapid identification of PSSP and PISP/PRSP by PCR is possible and very useful for proper treatment of acute otitis media.View full abstractDownload PDF (1282K)
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