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Volume 102, Issue 1
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Wataru Okita, Toru Sasaki, Shunsuke Takamatsu, Katsuya Yoshida, Toshio ...1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 1-7
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDiagnosis of cervical lymph nodes from head and neck tumors was studied using MRI turbo-STIR (short TI inversion recovery) sequence and conventional MRI sequence in 15 patients. After the MRI examination, 10 of the 15 patients underwent radical neck dissections. The detection of cervical lymph nodes with the conventinal MRI was not clear. However, MRI turbo-STIR depicted clear cervical lymph node margins by selectively suppressing fat signals. Thus, the accuracy of diagnosis of cervical lymph nodes by the turbo-STIR was higher than by conventional MRI. On the other hand, differential diagnosis between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes remains difficult only by turbo-STIR. These findings suggest that MRI turbo-STIR sequence is more useful in the detection of cervical lymph nodes than the conventional MRI methods.View full abstractDownload PDF (1722K) -
Hiroki Hori, Hidetaka Kanno1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 8-18
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLazaroids, a novel series of 21-aminosteroids without glucocorticoid action, have the properties of free radical scavenging and potent inhibition of lipid peroxidation. U-74389G is one of the Lazaroid compounds.
These compounds have shown excellent effect on central nervous system trauma and ischemia in experimental animals. The present study was designed to investigate whether Lazaroid (U-74389G) has a protective effect on Cisplatin (CDDP) -induced toxicity.
Fisher 344 rats were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups: I) CDDP 0.9mg/kg i. v. alone; II) CDDP 0.9mg/kg i. v. 1hr after the p. o. administration of U-74389G 10mg/kg; III) physiological saline 2.5ml/kg i. v. instead of CDDP, for 7-10 days. First, the protective effect of Lazaroid (U-74389G) on CDDP-induced ototoxicity was studied. Cochlear damage was evaluated by means of the compound action potential (CAP) and histological examination using scanning electron microscopy. The degree of elevation of CAP thresholds and the rate of missing outer hair cells were significantly reduced in Group II as compared to Group I. These results clearly demonstrate that Lazaroid (U-74389G) has a protective effect on CDDP-induced ototoxicity.
Second, the protective effect of Lazaroid (U-74389G) on CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity was studied. Nephrotoxicity was evaluated by means of serum BUN level and histopathological examination. There was no significant difference in serum BUN level and little difference of renal histopathological findings between Group I and Group II. Lazaroid (U-74389G) was not found to ameliorate CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity.
Third, the influence of Lazaroid (U-74389G) on the antitumor effect of CDDP was investigated in rats inoculated subcutaneously with SCC-158 squamous-cell carcinoma cells. There was no significant difference of Tumor Growth Rate (TGR) between Group I and Group II. The result suggests that the combined administration does not alter the antitumor activity of CDDP.
In conclusion, the combined administration of CDDP with Lazaroid (U-74389G) ameliorates CDDP-induced ototoxicity without decreasing the antitumor activity of CDDP.View full abstractDownload PDF (4137K) -
Keiko Onoda, Minoru Ikeda, Masahiko Sugitani1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 19-26
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree cases of calcifying epithelioma observed in the anterior auricular region are reported. The ages were 9 to 15 years, and all were females. The size of the tumors ranged from 20×20mm to 22×34mm. One case showed elevated (4.1ng/ml) SCC antigen preoperatively, however, the value was reduced within the normal range (1.3ng/ml) after removal of the tumor. One case showed a fistula with brownish and serous discharge on the epithelial surface of the tumor. In the same case, mitotic change of basophilic cells in the tumor was observed, however, distinctly malignant changes such as cell invasion into the surrounding tissue were not observed. Although the head and neck region are the most common areas where calcifying epithelioma occur otolaryngologists do not have sufficient understanding of this disease. Therefore, epidemiology, clinical findings, clinical examination, pathology, therapy and prognosis of calcifying epithelioma were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (5404K) -
Tomoe Yoshida, Masahiko Yamamoto, Hiromi Orihara, Takanori Miyake, Hir ...1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 27-34
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStability of Posture and gait decays with aging. In this study, we constructed the Body Tracking Test (BTT), to evaluate dynamic body balance function as opposed to static balance.
Healthy volunteers of various ages (total, 272 persons) were subjects of the study.
The principle of the BTT was for the subject to attempt to track an optical moving target displayed on a computer screen by shifting his or her body's center of gravity that was also displayed. The target moved for a span of 15cm horizontally on the 14-inch screen, and also, in lateral and antero-posterior (horizontal and vertical) on CRT directions at a constant velocity of 0.125Hz. Sixty-seconds recordings are obtained. In BTT, the gain for target against tracking was fixed at 2.0 (target: tracking=1: 2). The target was 100cm anterior to the platform where the subject stood erect with the feet close together.
The criteria for evaluation of the tracking function were determined by our preliminary study, titled “Index of BTT movement”, and was useful during our present study. These criteria were determined ranking to E from A. The A rank indicated best tracking. Determination of rankings were performed by good or not tracking line against target trace line on recorded papers.
Age-dependent changes in scores were obtained and analyzed. Results suggested that the tracking ability started to deteriorate after age 40, and these differences were observed in lateral and antero-posterior (horizontal and vertical on CRT) directions for all age groups.
Tried for a with 30 years old changes, increase of a rate that A ranking occupies with a lateral direction law fast stimulation BTT from 20-year-old changes though, didn't try for a significant difference with a anteroposterior direction law fast stimulation BTT. Try start were 50-year-old changes with an antero-posterior BTT, 40-year-old changes with a lateral BTT E ranking.
C, D, rate that E ranking occupies increases consequently to become 80-year-old changes and advanced age from 60 years on. For the tendency, a small tendency tried for the rate for antero-posterior stimulation BTT compared with a lateral stimulation BTT.
Whether thought about for this, an of direction is prompt nearly against an outside stimulation since it keeps a balance with standing and being mended.View full abstractDownload PDF (1249K) -
Result of the Survey in Mibu-machiAkira Tanaka, Akiko Iwase, Yoshiyuki Tanigaito1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 35-41
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe prevalence rate of Japanese cedar pollinosis has increased since 1979. We conducted a survey of the residents of Mibu-mach, Tochigi, in 1988 and 1996 using a questionnaire to determine the prevalence rate of cedar pollinosis. Results showed its rate was 15.6% in 1988, and 25.6% in 1996. Age distribution analysis of patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis showed the highest prevalence in patients between the ages of 10 to 49 years in 1988, and between the ages of 10 to 59 years old in 1996. Within these age groups, the majority of the patients were females, but males were more prevalent than females in the age group under 19 years old. The prevalence rate of patients by age group revealed the same pattern as the age distribution of the patients. Age distribution of cedar pollinosis showed a peak in patients in their thirties both in 1988 and 1996. In conclusion, the numbers of patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis has been increasing remarkably in Mibu-mach. As climate or environmental conditions are varied in different geographical regions in Japan, further epidemiological studies in various regions of the country are required to clarify the actual prevalence rate of cedar pollinosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (713K) -
Eriko Kamura, Toshiaki Yagi1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 42-49
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOff-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) is a method to stimulate the otolith organ. In order to elucidate the function of the otolith organ, we analyzed three-dimensional eye movements by video-oculographic technique during OVAR in 30 normal subjects.
The eye movements induced by OVAR stimulation have two components: a constant horizontal deviation in the direction opposite to the rotation known as the bias component, and sinusoidal amplitude changes of eye movements known as the modulation component. Modulation components were detected in the horizontal, vertical, and torsional eye movements, but the bias components were only detected in the horizontal eye movements. The modulation components may compensate for changes in head orientation with respect to gravity. Since the bias component is caused by the velocity storage mechanism, the lack of bias components in vertical and torsional eye movements may suggest its specific relation to only horizontal eye movements. Our results also demonstrated that torsional and horizontal eye movements may originate from the utricle, whereas vertical eye movement may originate from the saccule. However, a lag phase between torsional and horizontal eye movements suggests that the most effective direction for stimulation of these two eye movements may be different.View full abstractDownload PDF (1432K) -
By Three-dimensional Analysis of Neck-induced NystagmusYoshio Ohyama1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 50-57
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influence of dorsal neck proprioceptive inputs on vestibular compensation was investigated in 21 patients with unilateral vestibular dysfunction. Subjects neither had history of spontaneous nystagmus nor of disequilibrium, indicating that they were in a good compensated stage. However, marked nystagmus was induced by applying vibratory stimulation to the dorsal neck of the patients, using a vibrator with a frequency of 110Hz. The nystagmus was three-dimensional as analyzed by applying computerized eye movement analysis system.
Twelve of 21 patients (57%) demonstrated three components of eye movement. All subjects showed a horizontal component directed towards the contralateral side of the vestibular lesion. Vertical and torsional components of the nystagmus were exhibited by 18 and 14 subjects, respectively. The average percentages of slow phase velocity of the horizontal, vertical and torsional components were 57%, 23% and 20%, respectively. No tendency towards any of the three components was observed.
Furthermore, in order to investigate the relation between dorsal neck proprioceptive inputs and vestibular outputs, especially semicircular canal outputs, the author compared the direction of the nystagmus with the orientation of the semicircular canals. Normalized average velocity vectors of the nystagmus were calculated. In most subjects, the velocity vectors of the nystagmus were related to the horizontal semicircular canal.
These results suggest that by controlling the neck proprioceptive inputs, neck vibration can cause discompensation in vestibularly well-compensated subjects with unilateral dysfunction secondary to vestibular lesion, and that neck proprioceptive inputs have a great influence on the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex pathways. However, in a few subjects the average vectors of the nystagmus were related to the vertical semicircular canals. This suggests that the proprioceptive inputs may also be related to the vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex pathways.View full abstractDownload PDF (1492K) -
Shigeru Nakatsuka, Naohiro Suzuki, Seiichirou Nakabayashi, Tetsuo Koiw ...1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 58-65
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the relationship between the daily count of pollen scattered, the count of days during the scattering period and the highest temperature during the sugi (Japanese cedar) pollen scattering season from 1983 to 1997, and whether prediction of the count of pollen scattered for the following day is possible.
Our studies clearly demonstrated that the count of sugi pollen scattered is small in the early period of the scattering season with some daily variations in amount; this cycle is repeated for several days in the middle period of the season then decreases again in the late period.
These findings showed that both the cumulative value of the count of pollen scattered daily and the total count of pollen scattered formed an S-shaped curve when compared with the count of days after the start of the scattering season and the cumulative highest temperature for the season.
Predicting the daily count of pollen scattered after the start of the scattering season against the cumulative highest temperature is possible by drawing a regression curve from this S-shaped curve. Also, a regression curve was useful in predicting the total count of pollen scattered during the season from the cumulative count of pollen scattered 10 to 20 days after the start of the scattering season. Using these data, we were able to improve the accuracy for predicting the scattering of sugi pollen.View full abstractDownload PDF (711K) -
Kan Ishii, Kohji Asakura, Akikatsu Kataura1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 66-72
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo elucidate the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis, the proliferative response and cytokine production of peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNC) following stimulation with mite-antigen were evaluated in HD-mite-allergic rhinitis patients (mite-allergy group), non-HD-mite pollinosis patients (non-mite-allergy group) and normal subjects (normal group). The proliferative response of PMNC to PHA stimulation was not different among the groups, whereas that to mite-antigen stimulation was significantly higher in the mite-allergy group than in the normal group. Production of both IL-4 and IL-5 from PMNC after stimulation with mite-antigen was significantly higher in the mite-allergy group than in the normal group. Production of IFN-γ from PMNC after antigen stimulation was significantly increased in both the mite-allergy and normal groups. The ratio of IFN-γ to IL-4 synthesis was significantly higher in the normal group than in the mite-allergy group. This study revealed cytokine synthesis from PMNC after the antigen-stimulation was predominantly Th2-cytokines in patients with HD-mite-allergic rhinitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (608K) -
Susumu Ezawa1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 73-82
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this article we discuss the influence of age on the vestibulo-ocular reflex in a comparison of data from different age groups. In order to examine the influences of age, the pendular rotation test was performed in 25 otoneurologically healthy subjects and 12 patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular disorders, from 25 to 72 years of age. The subjects were divided into three groups: 20-39, 40-64 and older than 65 years.
The stimulus modes were an amplitude and a frequency of 30 degrees at 0.25Hz and of 60 degrees at 0.1Hz, respectively.
The gain, phase lag and visual suppression in VOR of the pendular rotation test were measured, and the agedependent changes in these scores were evaluated. The following results were obtained:
1. The gain in VOR with eyes open in a dark booth was significantly decreased in the older than 65 years group.
2. The phase lag was significantly increased in the older than 65 years group.
3. There were no significant differences of VOR-visual suppression between any of the age groups.
The gain in normal subjects was significantly larger than that of the affected side in patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular disorders.
The phase lag in patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular disorders was significantly larger than in normal subjects.
Similar to normal subjects, this stimulation caused no significant differences in the VOR-VS between the affected side and the normal side in patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular disorders.View full abstractDownload PDF (912K) -
[in Japanese]1999 Volume 102 Issue 1 Pages 84-87
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1482K)
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