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Volume 103, Issue 3
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Yutaka Suzuki2000 Volume 103 Issue 3 Pages 177-187
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe steady-state response (SSR) evoked by a sinusoidally amplitude-modulated (SAM) tone is known as an amplitude-modulation following response (AMFR). The amplitude of the SSR which is elicited using clicks or tone bursts at a stimulus rate of 40Hz, decreases during sleep. The same trend is also observed for AMFR at a modulation rate of 40Hz. Thus it was difficult to analyzing SSR and AMFR is therefore difficult in young children, since objective audiometry just be performed while the child is asleep. Recent reports, however, have announced that the AMFR can be clearly detected at higher MFs (modulation frequencies), especially at frequencies between 80 and 100Hz. This finding has proven useful in objective audiometry for young children, Recent reports have also suggested that AMFRs arise from multiple sources, including the auditory cortex and auditory nuclei in the brainstem. However, the exact sources of ANIFRs have not been clarified. The purpose of this study is to clarify the contribution of the cochlear nucleus in evoking ANIFRs at a modulation frequency of 80Hz.
The near-field potentials elicited with a SAM tone were recorded from the ipsilateral cochlear nucleus and its vicinity in cats. The near-field potential recorded by bipolar electrodes consisted of two different components: a low frequency component similar to the stimulus envelope (modulation), and a high frequency component similar to the actual stimulus tone. A sequence of field potentials was recorded using monopolar electrodes located at different sites within the cochlear nucleus and in its vicinity and on the surface of the cerebellum to confirm that near-field potentials elicited by SAM tones at a MF of 80Hz in the cochlear nucleus can be recorded at the surface of the cerebellum or at other brain sites. The phase of the 80Hz frequency component of the potentials elicited by a SAM tone at a MF of 80Hz was then analyzed using a fast Fourier transformation. A contour map was produced using the means of the Fourier component phases corresponding to the 82Hz response. The contour lines showed a rapid change in the phases ecorded near the cochlear nucleus. These findings suggest that the cochlear nucleus contributes to the generation of scalp recorded AMFR at a MF of 80Hz.View full abstractDownload PDF (1229K) -
Yoshio Nose, Susumu Mukai, Masayoshi Nitta2000 Volume 103 Issue 3 Pages 188-192
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe shape of the choanal openings were examined in 173 babies aged zero to six months using digital video fiberscope inserted via nose.
A numerical analysis and the fluid mechanics were then calculated for each recorded choanal opening. The choanal openings in one month old babies were a flat oval shape.
Vertical development vas faster than that of horizontal development, and the choanal openings changed from a flat oval to a round and finally a vertical oval shapes as the babies aged from two to four months. Both the air resistance and airflow ratio in the choanae can be calculated by Navier-Stoke's equation, if the choanae are assumed to be an oval tube. Using this equation, it was calculated that the air resistance ratio was one to five and the airflow ratio increased five times from neonates to six month old babies.View full abstractDownload PDF (1316K) -
Yuji Imate, Kenji Okami, Hiroaki Shimogori, Takuo Ikeda, Norio Shimizu ...2000 Volume 103 Issue 3 Pages 193-198
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA retrospective study was performed on 74 patients seen in our hospital between 1990 and 1999 who underwent head and neck reconstructive surgery involving a free flap. Reconstructive surgery was unsuccessful in 5 cases (6.8%). A pedicled myocutaneus flap was used in two cases for the second reconstruction attempt, while a second free flap (jejunum) was used in two other patients. In these cases. a bilateral neck dissection was performed prior to the second free flap reconstruction and neck infection was found. The head and neck artery and vein were unsuitable as recipient vessels in the second operation. Instead, the cephalic vein was used as a source of vein grafts and as a recipient vein.View full abstractDownload PDF (1248K) -
Takashi Ishida, Kazuo Murai, Toyotoshi Yasuda, Takae Satou, Takayuki S ...2000 Volume 103 Issue 3 Pages 199-205
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPatients with pollinosis sometimes complain of oral symptoms (itching and tingling with or without edema of the lips, mouth and tongue) after eating fresh fruits and vegetables. This condition has been termed Oral Allergy Syndrome (OAS). Twenty three patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis and OAS for fresh fruits and vegetables were included in this study. Their mean age was 31.3 years (range=5 to 62).
The fruits that caused OAS in these patients included melon, apple, peach, and kiwi fruit. Most patients with OAS exhibited hypersensitivity to more than two foods.
Specific IgE antibodies to inhaled allergens of mite, Japanese cedar pollen, birch pollen, melon, apple, peach, and kiwi were evaluated using the Pharmacia CAP system. Eleven of the 16 subjects with specific IgE antibodies for birch pollen, did not suffer symptoms during the birch and alder pollen season.
In subjects with specific IgE antibodies for fruits, 13 out of 20 patients showed specific IgE antibodies for apple, and 8 out of 9 patients with OAS for apples were also positive for specific IgE antibodies for apples. On the other hand, 17 patients had no specific IgE antibodies for melon, and only two patients and one patient showed specific IgE antibodies for kiwi fruit and peach, respectively.
These results suggest that the evaluation of specific IgE antibodies to birch pollen and apple may be useful for diagnosing OAS in patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (694K) -
Takuro Kitamura, Masafumi Yoshida, Yoshiki Kuroda, Akihiko Watari, Kaz ...2000 Volume 103 Issue 3 Pages 206-211
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanging the sleep position from supine to non-supine is a simple but effective treatment for some patients with sleep apnea syndrome. In the present study, we compared the clinical data for good responders (GRs), those who responded well to the sleep position change, with those for poor responders (PRs), and also evaluated the effect of surgical treatment on the positional improvement of ventilation in the PR group. Forty-one adult patients with sleep apnea syndrome (mean age: 47.1 years, mean obesity index: 125.8%) were divided into two groups based on their polysonmographic responses to sleep position change. Thirty-two patients were classified as the GR group, whose apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in the non-supine position declined to less than half of their AHI in the supine position, and nine whose non-supine AHI remained greater than half of their supine AHI were classified as the PR group. The AHI and the desaturation index (DI) for the PR group were significantly higher than those for the GR group. and the obesity index was also higher in the PR group. For the eight PRs who had surgical therapy, their polysomnographic data improved much more in the non-supine position than in the supine position. Of six patients whose total AHI was still 10 or more after surgery, four changed into GRs. The combination of surgery and sleep position change seemed to be an effective treatment even for patients with a little improvement before surgery.View full abstractDownload PDF (713K) -
Intranasal ProceduresYuichiro Tada, Shuji Koike, Nobuo Ohta, Tadashi Nakamura, Masaru Aoyag ...2000 Volume 103 Issue 3 Pages 212-218
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have been performing intranasal procedures and postoperative nasal treatments in patients undergoing microscopic transseptal pituitary surgery for the past twenty years. This surgery is safe and minimally invasive and has become the standard procedure for removing pituitary adenomas. Recent advances in optical technology have increased the use of endoscopy in endonasal sinus surgery. Several methods for endoscopic transnasal pituitary surgery have been reported. Here, we report the results for 31 patients (34 operations) who were treated with endoscopic transnasal pituitary surgery. This technique enables the area of surgery to be visualized without requiring a sublabial incision or septal ablation to be performed. Five of the cases were for recurrences after microscopic surgery. A transsphenoidal surgical approach via a unilateral nasal cavity was used in 32 cases. For the remaining two cases, a transsphenoidal surgical approach via bilateral nasal cavities was used in 1 case, and a transethmoidal-transsphenoidal surgical approach via a unilateral nasal cavity was used in 1 case. Excellent results comparable to those of microscopic transseptal surgery were obtained. Endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal surgery was found to have the following advantages: low-invasiveness, a wide and clear surgical view, and a relatively short operating time in the nose and sinus, especially for recurrent cases. This endoscopic procedure should therefore be considered as the first choice for pituitary surgery.View full abstractDownload PDF (2480K) -
Masava Uchida, Toshiyuki Uno2000 Volume 103 Issue 3 Pages 219-222
Published: March 20, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report the diagnosis and otorhinological treatment of a rare case of cervical abscess in association with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). A 19-month-old boy was admitted to our hospital's Department of Pediatrics with fever and a swollen neck. Antibiotic treatment (FMOX PIPC and PAPM) was ineffective, so the patient was referred to our department for otorhinological treatment. A deep cervical abscess was drained using paracentesis in the Outpatient Department, but the condition did not improve. Surgery to drain the cavity was therefore performed. The wound was irrigated with oxydol, and the surgery was a success.
Immunodeficiency was suspected, because of the antibiotic treatment's failure, Further examination clarified that the disease was CGD, but this diagnosis was difficult to establish. The result of the NBT test was 120%. However, some examination demonstrated that active oxygen production was impaired. The production of cytochrome b in this patient was confirmed using flow cytometric analysis. Both parents were confirmed to be carriers upon examination. The patient was therefore diagnosed as having CGD as a result of an autosomal recessive inheritance.View full abstractDownload PDF (931K)
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