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Volume 112, Issue 5
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Review article
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[in Japanese]2009 Volume 112 Issue 5 Pages 405-413
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Tatsuya Yamasoba2009 Volume 112 Issue 5 Pages 414-421
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations/deletions and decline of mitochondrial function are considered to be associated with the development of age-related hearing loss (AHL). First, we examined age-related changes in gene expression profile in the cochlea of DBA/2J mouse. This mouse exhibited mild hearing loss at 2months of age and became deaf by 8 months. Comprehensive gene expression analysis identified significant expression changes correlated with AHL in over 4000 cochlear genes. When compared to 2 month old mice, approximately 2,200 genes were downregulated and approximately 1,900 genes were upregulated in the cochlea of 8 month old mice. AHL-correlated genes in the cochlea of 8-month-old DBA/2J mice were statistically associated with 15 mitochondrial process categories, suggesting that AHL is associated with profound down-regulation of genes involved in the mitochondrial function in the cochlea of aged DBA/2J mice. Next, we assessed the role of accumulation of mtDNA mutations in the development of AHL using Polg (D257A) knock-in mouse, which exhibited increased spontaneous mtDNA mutation rates during aging and showed accelerated aging. They exhibited moderate hearing loss and degeneration and apoptosis in the cochlea by 9 month of age, while wild-type animals did not. MtDNA mutations were associated with transcriptional alterations consistent with impairment of energy metabolism, induction of apoptosis, and hearing dysfunction in the cochlea of aged mitochondrial mutator mice. Lastly, we examined if 26 % calorie restriction (CR) could prevent AHL in C57BL/6 mice. CR mice retained normal hearing and showed no cochlear degeneration by 15 months of age, whereas control mice developed moderate hearing loss and cochlear degeneration due to increased apoptosis at 15 months of age. CR mice also showed a significant reduction in the number of TUNEL-positive cells and cleaved caspase-3-positive cells. Microarray analysis revealed that CR upregulated the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial and hearing function and downregulated that of apoptotic genes. Taken together, these findings suggest that accumulation of mtDNA mutations during aging leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and induces an apoptotic program, thereby causing AHL.View full abstractDownload PDF (810K)
Original article
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Daisuke Oyake, Kentaro Ochi, Mitsuharu Takatsu, Masahiko Fukasawa, Izu ...2009 Volume 112 Issue 5 Pages 422-428
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe clinical effect of bipolar radiofrequency thermotherapy on allergic rhinitis was evaluated. A bipolar radiofrequency system (CelonLab ENT) was used on 16 patients suffering from allergic rhinitis from February 2003 and August 2003. The thermotherapy was conducted under local anesthesia and data was collected by preoperative questionnaire and rhinomanometry and 2 months and 2 years postoperatively. Nearly all the patients reported relieved nasal patency, rhinorrhea, and sneezeing. Statistically significant improvements were observed for all the measured VAS scores: nasal patency, rhinorrhea, and sneezeing. Nasal resistance measured by anterior rhinomanometry also significantly improved. We concluded that CelonLab ENT is effective and safe in treating allergic rhinitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (460K) -
Ujimoto Konomi, Tomoyuki Yoshida, Hiroyuki Ito, Akira Shimizu, Shigeta ...2009 Volume 112 Issue 5 Pages 429-433
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjectives;
We studied photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and therapy (PDT) applicability using NPe6 in with oropharyngeal cancer patients.
Methods;
Of 11 subjects diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer undergoing PDT and PDD using NPe6, 6 were stage T1 and 5 stage T2. None had nodal or distant metastases. Four hours before PDD, NPe6 (40 mg/m2) was injected intravenously. Under general anesthesia, tumor fluorescence observed by laser irradiation, and marked was followed by PDT and photobleaching was confirmed. Tissue collected from tumor centers confirming NPe6 was then compared to normal tissue specimens and the relationship between NPe6 concentration and treatment effectiveness studied.
Results;
Tumor marking enabled us ensure a safety margin because the fluorescence scope exceeded tumor scope to the naked eye. Photobleaching was confirmed in all subjects. NPe6 tumor tissue concentration was 1.57-6.84 μg/g, with a ratio of 2.32-5.69 compared to normal tissue. Treatment achieved complete recovery (CR) in all subjects and shortened hospitalization over other treatment such as radiation.
Conclusion;
PDD using NPe6 clearly benefited oropharyngeal cancer patients, and made PDT more accurate. NPe6 accumulated more than twice the level in tumor tissue than in normal tissue.View full abstractDownload PDF (1338K)
Educational lecture
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[in Japanese]2009 Volume 112 Issue 5 Pages 444-447
Published: 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (842K)
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