日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
64 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1~7を表示しています
  • 野坂 保次
    1961 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1747-1758
    発行日: 1961/12/20
    公開日: 2008/12/16
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 第1報 音響刺激間隔と誘発電位との関係
    菊地 俊次
    1961 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1759-1764
    発行日: 1961/12/20
    公開日: 2008/12/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    The refractory periods to cortical auditory responses were examined in 10 awaking rabbits.
    As auditory stimuli, 1000cps pure tones at 90db were presented during 0.5sec., time interval of the first and the second stimuli being 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 5.0sec. respectively.
    The response was recorded by means of the superimposing technique introduced by Dawson and modified by Y. Suzuki.
    With the interval of 1.0 sec., only 10.7per cent of the cases which showed positive response in the first stimulation presented clear response in the second stimulation, whereas, with the interval of 2.0sec., the positive rate to the second stimulation increased as high as 70.4per cent.
    From the result obtained in the present observation, the author concluded that the refractory time of the rabbit's brain potential to acoustic stimuli was approximately one second.
  • 桜井 時雄
    1961 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1765-1784
    発行日: 1961/12/20
    公開日: 2008/12/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Electrical responses of the cochlea to acoustic stimuli recorded with gross electrode from the round window in guinea pigs. were recorded.
    Electrical potentials responding to click consist of cochlear microphonics (CM), summating potential (SP) and action potential (AP). Therefore, it is convenient to observe the relationship between SP and AP.
    In order to explain the relationship of each potentials, the experiment to be reported here was conducted.
    Owing to difference in latency, it is possible to separate AP from CM and SP. CM is an altenating electrical potential and SP appears as a displacement of the baseline on Which CM is superimposed. AP was divided into N, and N2, . On occasion N3 was seen. The duration of AP wave was measured about 4-5 miliseconds.
    When the stimulus intensity of the click is increased from low level to high level, the latency of N. and N2. was found to change. (1.3-2.0 miliseconds.) On the other hand, the intensity function of AP was not proportional to the increase of stimulus intensity but showed a non-linear increase.
    In the state of oxygen defieiency, the effect of asphyxiation on the responses was studied.
    The following results were obtained.
    1) SP was the most sensitive:
    Polarity changes of SP were initiated about 30sec. after asphyxiation, and negative SP could be reversed to positive.
    2) The polarity changes of SP was accompanied by the changes of latency of N1,
    3) Under mild anoxia SP becomes negative.
    4) SP is observable while CM is evident.
    5) The course of alternation of SP seemed to be of the same type as that observed in the depression of CM.
    6) The relationship between SP and pure tone of background was investigated. It was found that CM for pure tone becomes nonsinusoidal at the same points where SP is present.
    7) AP was more labile than CM:
    AP was reduced in size immediatly after anoxia, and the course of their recovery depends upon the intensity of test tone.
    Recording of poststimulatory effect after exposure to white noise of moderate intensity (50-90db.), a depression of neural components were readily noticed by stimulation with white noise of 50db of 5 seconds duration.
    On the other hand, same the stimulation did not show any influence on the amplitude of CM and SP.
    With the same duration and intensity of overstimulation, the weaker the click, the greater reduction of the N1 component was seen. A prompt lowering of the N1 component compared to the relative than the stability of CM leads the author to the postulate that there is a part more susceptible to acoustic stimuli than the hair cells.
    Considering the mechanism of the N1 component generation, the area between the spiral ganglion cell and the hair cell bottom is suggested as such an affected part.
    By means of a pair of clicks, it was found that the amplitude of the second click response decreased with the changein interval between the two impulses. At an interval less than 30m sec., it was the reduction of the second click response was seen to be caused by the first click stimuli.
  • 矢野 康平
    1961 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1785-1801
    発行日: 1961/12/20
    公開日: 2008/12/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    With a view to inquiring into the effects on the auditory organ of heat exhaustion observed in coal-miners, the author subjected rabbits to an environment with a temperature of 45°C and a humidity of 100% Clinical and histopathological observation of the organ in the lethal and recuperative processes were made and the following results were obtained.
    A. Clinical findings
    1. Post-rotatory nystagmus gradually decreased and disappeared in the last stage in many cases, but showed an elevation in the initial or last stage in some cases.
    2. Acoustical auricle reflex declined from the second half and disappeared in the last stage.
    3. Ear dust reflex gradually declined from the comparatively early stage and disappeared in the last stage.
    4. In the recuperative process, these various reflexes made their rapid recovery in many cases.
    B. Histological findings
    1. Bleeding into the middle ear appeared from the very early stage and the degree of the bleeding did not necessaily run parallel with the progress of lesions.
    2. Spiral ganglion cells exhibited a slight degree of tumefaction or atrophy, but in some cases there was a high degree of atrophy leading to disappearance of the cellular body.
    3. Blood vessels in the vascular zone were either dilated or contracted and intumescence or atrophy of the vascular zone itself was also noted.
    4. In Corti's organ, some showed a slight swelling, but there were many which displayed a slight or high degree of atrophy.
    5. These changes in the internal ear were induced by circulatory disturbance in the internal ear resulting from thermal irritation and it was presumed in many cases that the changes would return to normal along with the recovery of circulatory disturbance of the internal ear. However, there were in some showing apparently irreversible changes.
  • 佐藤 三郎
    1961 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1802-1818_1
    発行日: 1961/12/20
    公開日: 2008/12/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    As an aid for the indication of tonsillectomy the following simple method for the examination of the tonsil was devised. A 0.2cc, 0.8% methylene blue solution was injected into parenchyma of the tonsil and the fading time was measured. The shortest time was 3 minutes and the longest over 90 minutes. After the injection of the same amount of 1% 2.6-dichlorphenolindophenol solution the fading time was between 3 and 25 minutes. The fading time was short in cases of functional hypertrophy of the tonsils, while longer in cases of the severe chronic inflammation of the tonsils. Thus, "the fading reaction" was considered to be related to the functional state of the tonsils. Therefore, it was considered that the fading reaction could be used for a criterion of the indication of tonsillectomy, i. e. the fading time of 30 minutes in case of methylene blue and that of 10 minutes in case of 2.6-dichlorphenolindophenol were taken for the indication of tonsillectomy.
    The fading reaction was thought to be mainly due to the reduction and partially to the res or ption and phagocytosis of the dyes. It was found that mainly the tissue vitamin C and phartially the glutathion and succinic dehydrogenase participate in the reduction of the dyes.
  • 武井 洋一, 上田 哲二
    1961 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1819-1821
    発行日: 1961/12/20
    公開日: 2008/12/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    A neurinoma was confirmed in the tympanum and attic of the reoperative case of chronic otitis media of 53-year-old female, whose right middle ear surgery 12 years ago had facial nerve paralysis of the same side immediately after the operation.
    The granulation tissue filling the tympanum and the attic was solid and thick. The anterior part of the attic wall was destroyed and the dura of the middle fossa was exposed. The mastoid cavity was filled with the granulation tissue, but in these tissues neurinomatous findings was not found.
    The authors suspect from the operative findings that this neurinoma might have originated from the facial nerve at its first genu, where the bone resorption was remarkable.
    But the relationship between the damage of the facial nerve at the previous operation and growth of neurinoma was not clarified.
  • 後藤 敏郎
    1961 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1822-1826
    発行日: 1961/12/20
    公開日: 2008/12/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Concerning excentration of the mastoid cells in tympanoplasty the author has expressed an opinion in the foregoing articles that the mastoid cells should not be excentrated in majority of the cases of chronic otitis media of the mucositis type, because the inflammation findings in the retrotympanic space (retrotympanitis) shows a marked healing tendency, particularly in this antibiotic age.
    As for the flap in tympanoplasty, the isolated tubal shaped skin flap was taken from the osseous meatus and its terminal end which correspond to the ring of the tympanic membrane was sutured. This reconstructed tube-shaped skin meatal flap was repositioned in the osseous meatus, adjusting the adaptation of its end to the ossicles. This functions as a new tympanic membrane.
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