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Volume 65, Issue 7
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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J. NANDATE1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 807-820
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAll measurement was done on forty three patients with unilateral nerve deafness under clinical condition.
1. Test-retest variation:
Both tests were carried out by the same observer (author) with the same apparatus at the interval of twenty to forty minutes.
In order to investigate the cause of the test-retest variation, the variations obtained with three different types of bone conduction receivers and an air conduction receiver were compared.
This revealed that inconsistency in physical value of the auditory stimulus due to unstable fixation of the instruments had most contributed to the test-retest variation.
2. Points of receiver application:
A receiver placed on the mastoid process gave a better sensisitivity by ten decibels than that placed on the middle forehead. No statistical significance was found in individual variation in either case.
Therefore, fixation on the mastoid process is considered to be better.
3. Interaural acoustic attenuation:
The average interaural acoustic attenuation was six to twelve decibels, although this range was
subject to change with test frequency. Each measured value, however, ranged much wider.
In order to decide which ear has better bone conduction, therefore, it is essential to pay attention to the relative position of the threshold curves of both ears on the whole.View full abstractDownload PDF (1241K) -
T. MUKASA1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 821-831
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA stimulating apparatus to give straight movement toward a single direction was devised to test vestibular function, especially function of the ossicles. The lowest threshold of motion sense for straight vertical, lateral and anterior and posterior movement was measured in supine, prone, right and left lateral positions.
In normal adults the lowest threshold in recognizing movement to each direction was between 4cm/sec2 and 18cm/sec2. Only 2.86 per cent of tested subjects recognized the accelerating motin in 4cm/sec2, and all (100 per cent) recognized this motion in 18cm/sec2. In regard to the positional difference in motion sense threshold, the sitting position was found to be most sensitive. Among other positions, prone position was most sensitive to vertical and lateral movement, and lateral position to anterior and posterior movement, when the motion stimulus was below 7cm/sec2. If the stimulus was over 7cm/sec2, no statistically significant difference was found among various positions.
Influence of uni-or bilateral sound stimulus to motion sense threshold was next studied, revealing elevated threshold of motion sense under loud sound stimulus.
This testing method was applied to a case of unilateral labyrinthine disorder (auditory and vestibular dysfunction) and a case of bilateral deafness. As the result elevated threshold or loss of motion sense was found in those who disclosed vestibular dysfunction under ordinary methods.
It was learned by this study that the labyrinth is sensitive to straight motion stimulus and the examination using the swing apparatus is a convenient and clinically useful method to test vestibular function, especially of the ossicles.View full abstractDownload PDF (1637K) -
Y. KASHIMURA1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 832-837
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigation of the ultra structure on the ciliary apparatus of human maxillary sinus was made, by the electron microscopy in thin sections, with the following results.
The structure of the cilia resemble that seen in human oviduct or other materials, however, the central fibers of the cilium may appear to terminate at the plane of the basal ring through which they seem to be joined together with the peripheral fibers, which are continuous with the shell of the basal body.
A small dense body is frequently observed in the internal cavity of the basal body. When examined in transverse sections, it is commonly limited in appearance to the center of the lumen of the basal body; this fact may suggests that in longitudinal sections the appearance proves to be the axial section of the ciliary apparatus.
A knob-like process is almost horizontally projected into the cytoplasm from the midportion of the shell of the basal body. All the processes may be uniform in their direction through all the ciliary apparatus on the epithelium.
The shell of the basal bodies gives rise to the rootlet fibers showing a cone in their deriving shape; the nearer the position in this deriving come towards lower end of the basal bodies, greater is the most amount of the rootlet fibers. The proximal end of the basal bodies often is enclosed by the rootlet fibers which present the periodic structure.
The fine fibers (probably the so-called fine rootlet fibers), which are random in their direction and disposition, were observed in the cytoplasm.
The ciliary apparatus with the two bandles of the rootlet fibers in the human oviduct as described recently by a worker (1960) were not observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (2341K) -
E. ISHIYAMA, Y. MURAKAMI, E. CHIBA, R. NAKAMURA1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 838-843
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of soft palate and pharyngeal spasm, 24 years of age, female, complaining of rhythmical noise accompanied with unwilling movement on the soft palate, has been reported.
It would be considered that the spasm might be probabr due to the presence of hysteria or the results of the electric-shock therapy performed prior to the attack in this case.
It has been much improved with psychotherapy and the medication of “Bellergal”View full abstractDownload PDF (2610K) -
Part. I. Kinds and survival rate of bacteria found before. during and after tympanoplastyS. TASAKA1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 844-852
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBacteriological studies were carried out for the purpose of determining the kinds of bactaria detectable before, during and after tympanoplasty as well as to find out their survival rate on 55 cases (61 ears) with chronic otitis media who had been treated in our clinics during the two-year period from July 1958 to June 1960. The following are the results.
1. Out of the 98 strains of bacteria detected before the operation, the most numerous were Staphylococcus aureus (16 strains), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12 strains), Diphtheroid (12 strains), Diplococus pneumoniae (8 strains), Pneumococcus mucosus (7 strains.) and Micrococcus (7 strains) in the order mentioned.
2. In connection with the preoperative detection of bacteria, mixed infection was found to be a two-fold simple infection. As for the different kinds of bacteria, simple infection by Staphylococus aureus was twice as frequent as by other bacteria, while in the cases of infection by the other bacteria the majority proved to be of mixed infection.
3. Simple infection decreased during and after the operation, whereas mixed infection, although it did decrease during the operation, increased again postoperatively.
4. Staph. aureus completely disappeared during or after the operation, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Diplococcus pneumoniae, and Diphtheroid proved to be persistent, not decreasing so readily during or after the operation. Therefore, in the cases where these bacteria are detected prior to tympanoplasty, every possible care needs to be taken for the disinfection during the operation.
5. Of the detectable bacteria, Gram-positive ones were twice as numerous as the Gram-negative.
6. Such saprophytes as Bacillus fusiformis, spore forming bacteria and Serratia marcescens were also detected, although they were very small in number.
7. Those that could not be detected at all were Mycobacterium tuberculosa, Haemophilus influenzae and true Fungi such as Candid.View full abstractDownload PDF (768K) -
Part. II. Sensitivity disc test for antibiotics of bacteriaS. TASAKA1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 853-859
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith the same 55 cases. (61 ears) having chronic otitis media as mentioned in Part 1, the sensitivity of the bacteria detected before, during and after tympanoplasty was tested. Namely, their resistance to various antibiotics was measured by subjecting the bacteria to sensitivity test and the following results were obtained.
1. In the disc test of the bacteria detected prior to the operation, the resistance to the drugs decreased in the order of sulfisoxazol (SI), aureomycin (AM), terramycin (TM) and penicillin (PC) and the resistance was least to streptomycin (SM) and chloramphenicol (CM).
2. In the two-year period that this study was carried out, the resistance of bacteria to drugs was generally greater in the latter half (July 1959-June 1960) than in the first half (July 1958-June 1959) of the period. Furthermore, in the first half period the sensitivity of these bacteria was higher to CM and SM in that order while it reversed their sensitivity in the order of SM and CM, proving that the resistanoe of the bacteria had undergone alteration from time to time.
3. Although different kinds of these bacteria revealed a variety of sensitivity to drugs, on the whole they were resistant to SI, AM, and TM while relatively sensitive to SM and CM.
4. In the disc test conducted with Pseudomonas aeruginosa detected before, during, and after tympanoplasty, similarly these bacteria showed the resistance to SI, AM, and TM, but their sensitivity to SM and CM was relatively high.
5. From these findings it is to be emphasized that in performing tympanoplasty it is important to bear in mind that the sensitivity test is essential with each kind of bacteria and all the pathologic foci must be completely removed so as to make the site of operation perfectly free from any bacteria and also it should be noted that any over-reliance on chemotherapy would ultimately nullify the very purpose of chemotherapy itself.View full abstractDownload PDF (603K) -
S. FUJISAKI, S. SAKAI, S. HASEGAWA, M. HUKUDA1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 860-864
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe patient was a 9 year-old boy with chief complaint of gait disturbance and diplopia, but with no vertigo.
Preoperative diagnosis of cerebellar vermis tumor, which had been made by neurological, roentgenological and otological examinations, was confirmed by operation.
Otologically examined, Bruns's nystagmus was noted in this case. However, this case differed from cerebellopontine angle tumor in that the main component of Bruns's nystagmus was directed to the normal side, postual nystagmus was directed upward on both sides and there was no marked hearing loss on the affected side.
The fact that optic nystagmus is incomplete in its appearance is indicative of the important role of cerebellar vermis or brain stem in the mechanism of gaze.
This is a case in which we were deeply impressed with the indispensability of careful examination of postual and optic nystagmus for the differential diagnosis of cerebellopontine angle tumor, thrombosis of cerebellar arteries and other CNS disorders.View full abstractDownload PDF (1328K) -
SUPPLEMENT: CRITERION FOR EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF VESTIBULAR FUNCTION TESTS. FUJISAKI, S. SAKAI, T. TANIGUCHI1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 865-873
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Otologic examination including vestibular function tests were performed for 40 normal youngsters, 155 normal old men and 43 patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis.
2) Vestibular function tests consisted of rotation test (5 rotations in 10 seconds or 5 rotations in 30 seconds) and caloric test (20cc of 30°C. and 44°C. water in 10 seconds) as well as observation of spontaneous and postual nystagmus, pointing test, stepping test, gait test and Romberg's test.
3) To begin with, normal region for regection with probability of error by 5% was determined as to each of the duration of nystamus, its right-to-left difference, CP and DP responces.
4) Test results were evaluated in various combinations, and the presumptive types of disturbance involved corresponding to each of the combinations were determined.
5) Presumptive types of disturbances were;
I) Essentially normal
II) CP. disorder
III) DP disorder
IV) bilateral peripheral disorder
V) central disorder in nystagmus system
VI) circulatory disturbance in nystagmus system
VII) positive but inconsistent result
VIII) vegetative dystony
6) In arteriosclerotic patients, both rotation and caloric tests were within normal limits. The abnormalities in at least one of the other tests, however, were observed in 74%, among which postual nystagmus in 40% were noteworthy.
7) According to our criterion for evaluation of the results, 79% were considered to be abnormal of all arteriosclerotic patients examined.
Their presumptive disturbances were, in the majority, circulatory disturbance in nystagmus system (23%), DP and bilateral peripheral disorders.
8) It is our conclusion that vestibular function tests are of diagnostic value for cerebral arteriosclerosis along with funduscopy and EEG.
9) Patients with negative results in other tests, but with positive results in vestibular function tests, particularly positive postual nystagmus, should be carefully watched for cerebral arteriosclerosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (785K) -
M. ICHIHARA, T. MIYAO, A. KOMATSU, T. KAMIO, K. TAIRA, K. SHIRAKURA, Y ...1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 874-879
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRelation of the pneumatisation of parasinus of 50 patients with chronic sinusitis and 25 patients with olfactory neurosis to olfactory disturbance by roentgensgrams.
The results are as follows:
1) Pneumatisation of the maxillary and the ethmoidal cavities in chronic sinusitis with olfactory disturbances and olfactory neurosis was under-developed in many cases, and the well-developed cases were seen in law parcentage in this study.
2) Patients with olfactory disturbances were observed in high pereentage in these cases with under-developed of pneumafisation at the frontal sinus.
3) From these results we have assumed that the olfabtory disturbance is due to individual constitution.View full abstractDownload PDF (488K) -
M. ICHIHARA, T. MIYAO, A. KOMATSU, T. KAMIO, K. TAIRA, K. SHIRAKURA, Y ...1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 880-884
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn 145 cases which complained chiefly of the olfactory disturbance, general obseruation was carried.
The following are the results:
1) There can be found a clinical significance only in the severe olfactory disturbance.
2) Common cold and inflammation of the upper respiratory tract excite often a cause of olfactory disturbance.
3) Patients with hypotension have a tendency to causing the olfactory disturbance.
4) No remarkaqle change of serum-Ca & K is noted.
5) We see most frequently the function of autonomic nerve stable.View full abstractDownload PDF (445K) -
M. ICHIHARA, T. MIYAO, A. KOMATSU, T. KAMIO, K. TAIRA, K. SHIRAKURA, Y ...1962 Volume 65 Issue 7 Pages 885-894
Published: 1962
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTherapeutic results as follows:
(1) We carried out chiefly the medical treatments (antiinflammatory), next the operative treatments on the morphologic disturbances also the medical or the physical treatments on the essential olfactory nervous disturbances. On the mixed olfactory disturbances, we employed chiefly the operative treatments and in succession the physical approaches in combination with the medical treatments.
(2) According to the observations of various olfactory disturbances we found the treatments of chronic sinuitis excellent in 47% caces, acute sinuitis and chronic rhinitis in 100% and essential olfactory disturbances in 75% caces.
(3) Prognosis of anosmia is in proportion to the grade of the olfactory disturbances. It is attibueted to olfactory neuroses that varried therapies ara less effective in some individuals affected with hyposmia.
(4) No direct (remarkable) relation between duration of the lesions and the effectiveness were established and it proved to be dependent upon the grade of the diseases and the individual character endowed by nature.
(5) By use of the operative treatments in combination with non-operative treatments, 73% were caused and non-operative treatments alone effective in 56% cases. From the results obtained in these cases we found the various affected mucous portions should be eliminated and supplementary methods of the medical and the physical treatments performed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1011K)
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