Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
Volume 67, Issue 11
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
  • SOTARO FUNASAKA, MINORU TORIYAMA, SHNIJIRO ONIS
    1964 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 1509-1515
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper deals with the effects of cortical stimulation(ipsilateral to sound given ear) by the electrical pulses on the tonal responses induced from contralateral auditory cortex, to clarify the neurological mechanism of delicate sound perception in the cortex.
    As the response to sound, the impulse of a single unit was recorded by a microelectrode at the first and second auditory response field.The electrical stimuli were applied at the place anato- mically symmetrical to the recording point.
    Total of 65 unitary responses was obtained. Fifty responses of them were suppressed, 8 aug- mentated by the electrical stimuli and 7 remained unchanged.The augmentative effects were not so constant as the suppressing one.Dual effects, suppression and augmentation to the same unit, were shown in some cases.
    The effects of the conditioning stimuli were varied according to the change of frequencies of test tone stimuli e.g.augmentation in 2000 cps and suppression in 1500 cps.
    The discussion was done on the reactivity change of the cell by the electrical pulses applied at contralateral cortex, on the connective route bet- ween the auditory cortices of both sides, and on the significance of the interaction by this functio- nal connection between both auditory cortices in sound perception of the cortex.
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  • SHIGERU SUGIURA
    1964 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 1516-1529
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present study was done in an attempt to clarify the vascular pattern, and the distribution of the coiled arterioles within the modiolus.
    Ten healthy guinea pigs were used in this series of experiments.In order to trace the course of the cochlear blood vessels, an India ink solution was perfused systemically through a glass canula inserted into the aorta.After the perfusion, the cochleae were removed and fixed in 10% formalin solution.The specimens were then decalcified, dehydrated with alcohol, and made transparent with xylene and oil of wintergreen.Dissection and observation were performed with the aid of a binocular microscope.
    Four cochleae were embedded in celloidin and sectioned for histological study of the blood vessel walls.
    In the guinea pig, Arteria cochleae communis divides into two main branches at the base of the modiolus, A.vestibuli posterior and A.cochleae propria.In eight of the ten animals, large coiled arterioles were observed lying between the two arterial subdivisions.
    Making an angle of 120 degrees with the internal auditory meatus, A.cochleae propria enters the modiolus where it gives rise to primary and secondary branches as it spirals upward arounds the cochlear nerve trunk.
    The secondary branches subdivide into two groups of arterioles:the "upper coiled arterioles", which enter the wedge-shaped bony plates separating the cochlear turns, and the "lower coiled arterioles", entering the osseous spiral lamina. These vessels are surrounded by the loose connective tissues in the perivascular space, and there are no essential differences in the structure of the two sets of arterioles.
    The upper coiled arterioles(16 to 19 in number) describe several(never more than six, and usually from two to four) tight coils.These convolutions form ellipsoids or spherics from which four to seven radiating arterioles run out over the scala vestibuli to enter the spiral ligament and the stria vascularis.Careful observations establish the upper coiled arterioles in the basal and second turns;although there are vessels in and above the upper second turn, they lack characteristic coiling.
    The lower coiled arterioles, numbering from 8 to 12, are located in the basal turn, and become so increasingly simplified as to lose their identity at the level of the lower second turn.Radiating arterioles to the limbus are given off from the distal members of this group of vessels, in the region where they are no longer tortuous.
    Anastomosing vessels are observable between the upper and lower coiled arterioles, and between the upper coiled arterioles themselves.These anastomoses assume a rosary-like appearance when viewed from the apex.No connecting vessels are observed between the individual lower coiled arterioles.
    The author, unlike earlier investigators, cannot find any coiled arterioles in the higher levels of the cochlea.In these upper regions, the vessels merely from simple loops, rather than tight coils.
    The highly twisted and coiled paths of these arterioles suggest that they may serve as an important mechanism for the regulation of the blood flow through the cochlea.
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  • Part 1 :Its Nystagmus-eliciting Effect
    TAMIO KAMEI, KIKUO KIMURA, HIROSHI KANEKO, HISAKIMI NORO
    1964 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 1530-1534
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Nystagmus-eliciting effect of the head shaking method, a test of vestibular function, was studied on 163 patients who visited our otologic clinic in last year with complaints of dizziness and distur bance of equilibrium.The method consists in shaking the patient's head 30 times(a) in the Frankfort horizontal plane with the head bent forward 30 degrees, (b) in the same horizontal plane at normal head position, (c) in the coronal plane, or(d) in the sagittal plane, each stopping suddenly in midline position.The nystagmus thus elicited was observed under Frenzel's spectacles.
    The nystagmus was observed in 86.1% of the patients when all of the above mentioned head shaking methods were applied to them, and in 83.0% when the only two methods(b) and(d) were applied.These incidences were exceedingly higher than those of the other methods of nystag- mus provocation such as tests for positional nystag. mus.If one desires much simplicity one can use (b) and(d) instead of all the four.
    In normal subjects a small horizontal nystagmus was elicited althouth infrequently, i.e.in about 14% of them.But, according to the author's experiences, the elicited nystagmus was considered as a form of pathologic sign if it was coarse in amplitude, vertical and oblique in form, or larger in the number of beating.
    The great importance of the head shaking test for the detection of latent imbalance of vestibular function as well as for the differentiation of the patients suffering from dizziness and disturbance of equilibrium was stressed.
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  • TSUTOMO MATSUZAKI, SÔTARO FUNASAKA, MINORU TORIYAMA, HIRONORI HA ...
    1964 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 1535-1544
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Average responses of the brain to repetitive tone bursts were obtained by CAT, a kind of digital computers.
    Results were as follows:
    1) The typical waveform consisted of positive, negative and positive components.The peak latency of the initial positive one lay at 100msec or more and total duration of the response were about 400msec.
    2) Under deep mintal anesthesia the response became less clearer and often disappeared.
    3) The threshold of the average response was estimated at less than 30dB in 1KC.
    4) The response to tone bursts was abolished by white noise simultaneously given.
    5) The minimal interval to evoke average response was examined and at least 1 sec was found to be needed.
    These results were discussed in a view of previous investigations.
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  • YOSHIHIRO KOYAMA
    1964 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 1545-1578
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Habituation of the orientation reflex (O.R.) to repetitive sound stimulation (pure tone and bell) was observed in EEG, to study the influences whi- ch the changes of the nature of sound and the acti- vity level of autonomic centres have on habituation speed.
    In the chronically implanted rabbits, bipolar electrodes were placed in the cortical and subcor- tical (including autonomic centres) regions, from which EEG were recorded unanesthetized.
    EEG patterns of O.R. can be divided into two, namely desynchronized type and synchronized ty- pe. The activity of background EEG was divided to high, moderate and low level. Generally, in the high O.R. was not clear and habituated earliest when it appeared, on the other hand, in the low it was recognized most sharply and habituated latest.
    The process of the habituation, in which the O.R. duration shortened and the component frequ- encies changed, was irregular and waving.
    Generally, habituation was delayed by increas- ing tone intensity, and in the low and moderate background EEG, it arose simultaneously in the cortical and subcortical regions.
    At 70 phon of 8000c/sec., O.R. was generally susceptive to habituation, and during 300 to 2000c/ sec., which had no frequency specificity of sound for habituation speed, clearest individual difference was recognized. In 4000c/sec., the habituation speed was in between 2000 and 8000c/sec. and ma- nge.
    Still more, the tendency was recognized that electrical stimulation of the b-stmpathetic zone of the hypothalamus and the medial preoptic area facilitated habituation, while stimulation of the c-pa- rasympathetic zone and the lateral preoptic area delayed it. And these possible reasons were dis- cussed.
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  • MICHIKO GOMI
    1964 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 1579-1620
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Der postoperative Hörschwellenwert in verschiedenen Stadien wurde nach der Tympanoplastik gemessen, um einige Mechanismen der Horverbesserung nach der Operation zu erklären.
    Die Ergebnisse sind folgende:
    1) Eine Woche nach dem Eingriff zeigte sich bei jedem Fall im ganzen Frequenzbereich, besonders deutlich im oberen, ein Absinken der Hörschwellenkurve ohne Innenohrschädigung.Darauf kehrte die Hörschwellenkurve innerhalb vier Wochen allmählich zurn praeoperativen Wert zuruck oder die Horschwellenkurve ging bei einigen Fällen uber den praeoperativen Wert hinaus und hielt sich ungefähr vier Wochen lang bis sie zu diesem Wert zurückkehrte.
    2) Bei vielen Fällen wurde durch Erhaltung der gesunden Gehörknöchelchenketten bei der Operation ein unter 30db Horverlust und besserer Horgewinn erreicht.
    3) Der postoperative Schwellenwert im Mitteltonbereich blieb in den meisten Fällen über ein Jahr nach der Operation stabil, dagegen zeigte der Schwellenwert in tieferem und hoherem Tonbereich weiter Veränderungen.
    4) 50% aller Falle kamen deco experimentellen theoretischen Schwellenwert nahe, aber bei einigen Fällen, obwohl bei denen die drei Gehörknöchelchen erhalten waren, ergaben sich etwas schlechtere Resultate.
    5) Bei den Fällen, die vor der Operation über 60db Horverlust zeigten, wurden keine guten postoperative Resultate festgestellt.
    6) Die Beschaffenheit des Neutrommelfells ist vermutlich eine der Ursachen für den schalleitungsbedingten Hochtonverlust nach der Operation.Das zeigte sich durch Vergleichung and Untersuchung der postoperativen Verläufe and der verschiedenen Operationsmethoden.
    Gegenstand künftiger Forschungen wird sein:
    1) Der postoperative Zustand der Gehörknöchelchenketten.
    2) Beschaffenheit des Neutrommelfells.
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  • KIYOMI AKAIKE
    1964 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 1621-1626
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The healingprocesses of the operated paranasal simuses ogerated in 8 cases by Akaike's sinoplastic method and in 3 cases by the method of radical polysinuectomy which call for the removal of sinus membranes was followed.The observation was performed by visualization of X-ray films using 40% M orjodol.From these observations the author concluded as follows.In m ost of the cases operated by sinoplastic method the sinuses were found to be in the same state as the time of operation 134_??_868 days after the operation.On the other hand in most of the cases operated by radical polysinucectomy various transformations were found in the operated sinuses, which may bring about drainage disturbances.
    Keeping permanent adequate sinus drainage after radieal operation is very important and Akaike's sinoplastic method appeared as best for this purpose.
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  • YUJIRO MATSUMURA, TAKASHI TAKEI
    1964 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 1627-1631
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Rhinophyma, a growth of the extenal nose, is characterized by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands.Author experienced a case of rhinophyma in a man of 74 years old, in which plastic operation with good results were obtained.
    The operation was performed under local anesthesia.The growth was removed with a scalpel and the Thiersch's skin flap taken from his right thigh was applied to the wound surface.The end result proved satisfactory.
    A histological investigation showed typical findings of rhinophyma, that is, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands, disturbances of circulation and reactive hyperplasia of the connective tissue.
    Demodex folliculorum was found in the sebaceous duct and a casual relation between this parsite and rhinophyma holds quite an interest.
    Several references were made of about 30 cases of rhinophyma hitherto reported.
    a) Most of the patients are over 40 years old.
    b) Rhinophyma is almost wholly restricted to males.
    c) The relation between rhinophyma and alcoholic beverages may not be as close as it has been considered before.
    d) A hereditary tendency is not remarkable.
    As for the therapeutic procedure for this disease, radiation and hormone therapy are not so effective and a radical cure can be expected only by a surgical removal of the growth.
    Operations of the rhinophyma are grossly divided into a partial excision and a decortication.Decortication is a method of paring the nose progressively so as to bring it to a normal form.A skin grafting is often applied to the wound surface.
    A clinical prognosis of rhinophyma is good, however, some cases were reported in which carcinoma developed in the area of rhinophyma.
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  • SHIGERU SUGIURA, MASAYUKI SAWASHIMA
    1964 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 1632-1637
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Nasal leakege of the air flow in producing Japanese speech sounds was measured on 97 repaired cleft palate cases.The test sounds were 3 vowels(a, i, u) and 2 consonants(b, _??_).On 38 of those cases, p, t, k were tested in addition to above sounds.
    In general, nasal leakage in vowel utterance was far less than in consonants, and more leakage wes observed in fricative(_??_) than in plosives.However, no marked difference was noted between the plosives(p, t, k, b).
    The authors found that the measurement was definitely influenced by malarticulation in cleft palate speech.When the glottal stop was used as a substitute, marked decrease in nasal leakage was observed.
    There was no relationship between the nasal leakage and speech intelligibility.
    Measurement of nasal leakage in blowing revealed that the velopharyngeal closure in speaking was much better represented in easy blowing than in hard blowing.
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  • HIDEO ISHII, TAKASHI BABA
    1964 Volume 67 Issue 11 Pages 1638-1644
    Published: 1964
    Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    4 cases with severe diffuse edematous swelling were reported, which involved the whole of unilateral or bilateral vocal cords.
    The terminology of this condition was first discussed, since this pathological state as an entity has not yet been fully established here and abroad.
    Secondary clinical symptoms of each case were presented in detail and examined from various viewpoints, such as age, sex, occupation, drinking and smoking, general conditions, progress, etc.
    Thirdly with regard to treatment surgical methods were prefered either indirectly by means of laryngoscope or directly through laryngofissure.
    Conservative treatment was found to be not so effective.Prognosis was good in all cases.
    Finally the results of histo-pathological examination was given.They were considerably different from the general polyp of the vocal cord and all these 4 cases presented a common feature ……severe edema(which constitutes a principal lesion) and partially observable slight fibrosis and vascular regeneration.There was no plasma infiltration, fibrinoid deposition.In general, vasodilatation, congestion, thrombus formation and hemorrhage were slightly visible or invisible.Inflammatory cellular infiltration was also of a low degree.
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