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Volume 68, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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TAKASHI ARAI1965 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 583-588
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present paper was concerned with the observations of perstimulatory auditory adaptation in the normal ear using the amplitude modulated tone. A pure tone, with a frequency of 1000cps in intensity of 50db above subjective threshold, was presented to the ear in different patterns as follows:
(1) continuous presentation.
(2) amplitude modulated presentations in the form of trapezoidal change, with modulation rate from 2db to 30db and modulation frequency of 4cps.
(3) interrupted presentation with a repitition period of 250msec, a duty cycle of 50%, and a rise-decay time of 40msec.
Perstimulatory auditory adaptation was measured by means of the binaural balancing technique with the matching time of 15sec.
The following results were obtained:
(1) An amount of perstimulatory auditory adaptation after 5 minutes was maximum in the contiuous tone, minimum in the interrupted, and intermediate in the amplitude modulated.
Particularly, in the stimulation of the amplitude modulated tone, the degree of adaptation loss decreased with the increase of amplitude modulation rate.
(2) Most of the test ears showed no adaptation loss for amplitude modulated tones with amplitude modulation rate of more than 10db.
It was suggested that auditory stimulus in periodic fluctuation of intensity could bring about disappearance or decrease of perstimulatory adaptation in the normal ear as well as in the interrpted tone.View full abstractDownload PDF (391K) -
YASUSHI KOIDE, YOSHIO KOIKE1965 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 589-606
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSType 2 tympanoplasty showe astonishingly good results, because of the preservation of the large air space of the middleear cavity. The results of type 3 operation was rather poor in some cases with respect to hearing. But in the cases where inflammations are absent, the results have been good. Further the problem of drug-resistant bacteria has been emphazized. Generally speaking, the results of operation seemed to be poor in all plastic operations on the middle ear where drug-resistant bacteria are present.
Ossicular repositioning is advocated to preserve the air space of the middle ear cavity and insure more adequate transmission of sound to the stapedial footplate. Ossicular repositioning will convert a type 3 into a incudostapediopexy or malleolosta-pediopexy. We make it a rule not to introduce foreign bodies or free autobone graft into the inflammatory middle ear, due to the occurrence of vigorous tissue reactions. However in the absence of pathological condition, we can introduce polyethylene tubing to insure ossicular continuity or to create a artificial columella.View full abstractDownload PDF (2870K) -
TAKEHIKO NAGAHAMA1965 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 607-617
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Author observed the clinical findings of tinnitus caused by tubal stenosis on 676 cases or 900 ears. Tinnitus was complained in 44.8 per cent of patients with tubal stenosis. Tinnitus associated with the tubal stenosis develops in the majority in the unilateral ear as soon as stenosis of the tube begins.
In approximately forty per cent tubal tinnitus disappeared by the local treatment including tubal catheterization, massage or puncture of the tympanic membrane in a short period.
The characteristic clinical findings of tubal stenosis suggests that the pathogenesis of tubal tinnitus is not the result of an organic but a functional change of conductive system in the tympanum. Therefore, the author has postulated that in tubal tinnitus a negative pressure in the tympanum could alter the specific frequency of the ear drum or that of the tympanic cavity, and this alteration of frequency could intensify the noise of the blood vessels or hair movement of the tubal epithelium to an extent loud enough to be noticed as a subjectively audible noise.View full abstractDownload PDF (1098K) -
TSUTOMU MATSUZAKI, MINORU TORIYAMA1965 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 618-627
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA two-year old male with bulbar albinism combined with congenital deafness was reported.
His bilateral irises were blue in color and ocular fundi showed remarkable defect of pigment He also had severe hearing loss although there were no apparent anomalies on otoscopic observations.
The same phenomenon in the animal world was reviewed from previous literatures and possible relationship between metabolism of cochlear pigment and hearing function was discussed from a biochemical point of view.View full abstractDownload PDF (1686K) -
HIROYUKI FUJIMURA1965 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 628-656
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the patients with focal chronic tonsillitis, the titer of HD extracted from palatine tonsils was higher than in those with simple chronic tonsillitis.
In group of focal chronic tonsillitis high titer of HD (exceeded the overlimit of mean value of simple chronic tonsillitis.) was seen in 80-100% of cases by intradermal spreading method and in 40-100% of cases by turbidity reducing method.
High titer of HD was generally seen in the heavy inflammatory cases.
The serum HI titer before tonsillectomy had intimate relation with HD titer by turbidity reducing method.
The serum HI before tonsillectomy showed high titer in focal group and to have some tendency to parallel with pathological changes of systemic disease.
It was confirmed that serum HI had close relation to hypophyseal-adrenocortiticalsystem in mechanism of its fluctuation.
In systemic disease with focal chronic tonsillitis, serum HI titer was decreased after tonsillectomy and paralleled with the course of systemic disease.
In the cases of slight fever, serum HI titer was increased in parallel with body temperatiure rised after provocations with tonsil massage and HD-massage.
From the facts mentioned above it was surmised that HD was accentuated by provocation in palatine tonsils and spread into humoral fluid with pathologic substances.View full abstractDownload PDF (2785K) -
IKUICHIRO HIROTO, MINORU HIRANO, YORIKAZU TOYOZUMI, FUMITAKE TAKASE, S ...1965 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 657-665
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFourty-seven adult cadaver larynges with thyroid glands were dissected under a binocular microscope, in order to illustrate the extralaryngeal division of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and its relation to the thyroid gland and the inferior thyroid artery.
Results were summarized as followes:
(1) The recurrent laryngeal nerves, in all cases except one, were divided prior to arriving the lower margin of the cricopharyngeal muscle where the nerve enteredinto the larynx. A type of two divisions was of and in 67% of examined 94 nerves, three divisions in 27% and four in 5%. In most cases the site of the division was within 1.5cm below the lower margin of the cricopharyngeal muscle.
(2) In any type of the nerve division the anterior branch always consisted of motor fibers and the posterior branch was composed of sensory fibers which joined with a branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and composed Galen's anastomosis. When the nerve was divided into three branches, the middle branch was in many cases a motor nerve which innervated the adbuctor muscle, and occationally it was found a sensory one. In cases which the nerve was divided into four branches, the antero-mediate branch was a motor nerve which innervated the abductor muscle and the posteromediate was a sensory one.
(3) The recurrent lanryngeal nerve was found to run adjacent to the thyroid gland in 83% of all cases and apart from the gland in only 17%. In most cases the recurrent laryngeal nerve was in the close position to the lower two thirds of the thyroid gland.
(4) The recurrent layngeal nerve was situated anteriorly to the inferior thyroid artery in 12% of all cases and posteriorly in 21%. In 67% of cases, the nerve ran between branches of the artery and was drawn nearer to the thyroid gland.View full abstractDownload PDF (1389K) -
HUMIO NAKAMURA, TOMOHIRO YASUNO, HARUMI IMURA, HARUO ITO1965 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 666-674
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVerbal communication disorders due to speech inability are said to be caused by auditory disturbance, mental retardation, dyslalia, dysarthria, stuttering and so on. These disorders are, however, almost impossible to treat even with modern medicine, icine, so that at this stage our main concern should be directed to clarify the etiologic factors causing the verbal commneation disorders. Attempt has been made to analyse 492 cases of verbal communication disorders, who visited our speech and hearing clinic during past two years.
Ihere was great difficulty in identifying the causative factors. It, howevor, was noted that principal causes of this disorder were prenatal viral infection, abnormal pregnancy, and delivery, SM or KM intoxication, unexplained high fever and meningitis, except for the cases of unknown cause Therefore, prevention of such conditions shonld be further emphasized.View full abstractDownload PDF (696K) -
SHOZO TANAKA1965 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 675-689
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: June 29, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUp to time, the observation of epipharynx has been based on morphological study method.
It is necessary, however, to investigate functionally in order to grasp bionomical and pathological particularity of epipharynx.
The author tried to investigate into epipharyn- gitis in mutual relationship to fibrinoloytic system and observe the clinical course of epipharyngitis as time passed. Consequently, it has been found that there is some relationship between them.
The following is the summary of the findings:
1. The Euglobulin Lysis Time (ELT) of a normal person was between 140-200 minutes, while that of a case with epipharyngitis was dispersed. However, it could be roughly divided into two groups, the increased and decreased groups of fibrinolytic activity. Many of the cases in the increased group had the acute form of epipharyngitis and most of the decreased group had the chronic form.
2. Comparing the ELT after the treatment of epipharyngitis with that before the treatment, the former converged to the standard value. The convergence was more remarkable in the increased group than in the decreased group.
3. When the epipharynx was being stimulated, some changes could be seen in the fibrinolytic system. The peak of the change came 15 minutes after the stimulation and in 90 minutes they return to normal physiological range.
4. The above change at the time of stimulation was remarkable in the cases with inflammation. However, it decreased as the inflammation disappeared.
5. It has been found that there is some time proportional relationship between the improvement of epipharyngitis and the activity of fibrinolytic system, and that these two pass in close mutual relationship.View full abstractDownload PDF (1343K)
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