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Volume 83, Issue 11
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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HIROAKI NISHIDA, HIDEHAKU KUMAGAMI, MASAAKI BABA, HARUMI MORIUCHI, HIR ...1980 Volume 83 Issue 11 Pages 1435-1439
Published: November 20, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith the view of clarifying the mechanism of occurence of abnormally large amplitude of negative summating potentials (-SP) in clinical electrocochleography, electric responses of the cochlea were recorded from guinea pigs whose endolymphatic sac and duct were oblitered.
In reference to the waveform of AP, SP complex obtained by AVE recording using click stimuli, the animals were devided into three groups, i.e., (I) cases showing broadened waveform of AP, SP complex due to enhanced of the -SP, (II) cases showing -SP and normal waveform of AP, SP complex, and (III) cases showing +SP as in normal cases.
The waveform of AP, SP complex in Group I was very similar to that of clinical electrocochleographic findings in certain cases of pathological ears such as Meniere's disease and sudden sensorineural hearing loss. In all tested stimulus frequency functions the SP polarity recorded in scala vestibuli(SV), scala tympani(ST), and AVE SP and DIF SP proved to be predominantly negative in its trend. Histological investigation indicated the distension of endolymphatic compartment of the cochlea with displacement of Reissner's membarne, but -SP amplitudes were not always proportional to the degree of distension in these cases.
In this study it was postulated that the large amplitude of -SP would reveal the pathophysiological conditions in the cochlea, three of the scalae, i.e., SV, ST and scala media, all showed negative polarity in SP, leading to a negative SP of increased amplitude as a total sum or synthetic vector of SP components with the dominating negative polarity.View full abstractDownload PDF (1182K) -
2. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS RELATED ON THE SKIN TESTSSHIZUKA SUZUKI1980 Volume 83 Issue 11 Pages 1440-1453
Published: November 20, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe average scores of delayed hypersensitivity skin tests using seven different agents, i.e. PPD, Candida, SK-SD, Mumps, Varicella, PHA and DNCB, were examined in relationship to the following items in patients with head and neck malignancies.
1) Multivariate analysis was applied to the classification of six clinical stages mentioned as followed: patients with no evidence of the disease (NED) more than 6 months after treatment, patients with NED within 6 months, patients under treatment with active tumours, patients with far advanced tumours, patients in fatal stage and control. It revealed the fact that clinical stages are based to some extent upon the results from the routine clinical tests and from the delayed hypersensitivity skin test. The first one of two canonical axis examined have may be related to cellular immunization and the second to inflamation.
2) Routine laboratory tests were well correlated to the scores, as accounted for by variables denoting general debility, such as reduced blood count, weight loss, and poor physical activity, as well as impaired immunological indices such as reduced lymphocyte count and serum protein fractions.
3) TNM stages, as a whole, advanced as the scores decreased: the larger the primary tumour mass or the more evidence of metastases, the smaller were the average scores.
4) Transition of clinical stages usually paralleled the scores, except in some cases in which the correlation was paradoxica. The average amount of changes in the scores, however, did not reach the level of significance.
5) Examination of the scores for ability to predict clinical outcome, with the rate of nonrecurrence for the subsequent two years as an index, revealed the absence of significant difference between NED (more than 6 months) patients presenting normal skin reactions and those presenting deficient skin reactions, and the presence of a 10% difference between patients presenting on the treatment normal skin reactions and those presenting deficient skin reactions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1481K) -
HIDETO KOBAYASHI, ISAO KATO, YOSHIO KOIKE, TADASU TERABAYASHI1980 Volume 83 Issue 11 Pages 1454-1460
Published: November 20, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distances between the right and left medial pterygoid plates were measured in 32 normal subjects and 12 patients with pituitary adenoma from both X-ray films of Waters' view and A-P tomograms, and compared with those of Americans reported by Lee. The results were as follows:
1) The distances between the right and left medial pterygoid plates in normal subjects were about 3.21±0.18cm (mean±S.D.). They were wider than those of Americans.
2) The distances in patients with acromegaly were not wider than those of normal subjects, however the measurements in patients with giantism were larger than those of normals.
3) The measurements of operative field in the transseptal transsphenoidal procedure to the hypophysis were about 2.0cm in diameter. They were about 1.0cm narrower than those determined from the X-ray films.View full abstractDownload PDF (1878K) -
IWAO HONJO, HIROSHI MATSUI, NOBUHIRO OKAZAKI, KOICHI USHIRO1980 Volume 83 Issue 11 Pages 1461-1467
Published: November 20, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to study the detailed mechanism of the middle ear muscle reflex, especially the role of the tensor tympani muscle in the reflex, simultaneous recordings of both the middle ear impedance and the external ear pressure were performed in 100 normal ears. Acoustic stimulation to the contralateral ear and air-jet stimulation to the ispilateral eye which mainly produced the tensor reflex, were applied in this study. Each ten reflex waves was averaged by a medical computer. The results were as follows;
1) acoustic stimulation provoked inward movement of the ear drum in 52% of subjects, outward one in 25% and biphasic one in 23%. Thus, there was no consistent direction in the movement of the ear drum caused by the acoustic stimulation, suggesting participation of the tensor tympani muscle in the acoustic reflex.
2) air-jet stimulation to the eye produced inward displacement of the drum in 85%, which indicated marked contribution of the tensor muscle to this reflex. However, it was revealed that air-jet stimulation had a little effect upon impedance change of the drum.
3) latency of the reflex measured by external ear pressure was considerably shorter thant hat measured by impedance method.View full abstractDownload PDF (444K) -
CASES OF RECONSTRUCTIVE OPERATION OF THE NOSETOSHIHIKO SATO, NOBUO USUI1980 Volume 83 Issue 11 Pages 1468-1473
Published: November 20, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe nasal resistance before and after reconstructive operation in 18 men with nasal obstruction was compared with that in 32 normal subjects. The nasal resistance was defined as difference between air way resistance through the nose and that through the mouth. The following findings were obtained:
1) In cases of nasal obstruction, the airway resistance through both nostrils was 3.5 times as high as that through mouth before the operation. It was improved to 2 times as high as the latter after the operatian.
2) In cases of nasal resistance was 2.5 times as high as the airway resistance through mouth before the operation. It was imprhved to 1 time as high as the latter after the operation.
3) In normal cases, the airway resistance thaough both nostrils was 2 times as high as that through mouth, and 1 time as high as the nasal resistance.View full abstractDownload PDF (387K) -
TOSHIYUKI ONO, ICHIRO MAKINO, AKINORI HOSHINO, HIROSHI TAKENAKA, HIDEO ...1980 Volume 83 Issue 11 Pages 1474-1481
Published: November 20, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo cases of Fisher's Syndrome were reported and reviewed from the neuro-otological point of view.
Case 1: A 20-year-old man, 3 days after upper respiratory infection and diarrhea, complained of diplopia, ophthalmoplegia and ataxia. Neuro-otological examinations revealed dysdiadochokinesis, gaze nystagmus in both directions and direction-changing nystagmus to the uppermost ear. The righting reflex test, stepping test and rotation test were within normal limits. Eye movements were grossly limited but gradually improved afterwards. Optokinetic pattern test (OKP) and Eye tracking test (ETT) were almost normal. These results suggest that the lesion is located within the central nervous system, especially in the brain stem and cerebellum.
Case 2: A 20-year-old man, several days after upper respiratory infection and diarrhea, complained of general fatigue, numbness of the whole body, diplopia, ataxia, dysarthria and dysphagia.
Neuro-otological examination revealed ataxic gait, dysdiadochokinesis, gaze nystagmus in both directions. No positional and positioning nystagmus were seen. The results of OKP and ETT indicated the disturbance of the brain stem and cerebellum. These results suggest that the lesion was within the brain stem and cerebellum.
The exact site of the lesion of Fisher's Syndrome is still obscure, Several authors suggested the peripheral origin, where as the others claimed central nervous system involvement. The results of the neuro-otological examinations in our cases suggest involvement of the brain stem and cerebellum in Fisher's Syndrome.View full abstractDownload PDF (593K) -
IWAO OHTANI, KOHSEI OHTSUKI, TOHRU AIKAWA, MASAYUKI TAKENAKA, TAKEO OM ...1980 Volume 83 Issue 11 Pages 1482-1490
Published: November 20, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOtotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics (dibekacin, gentamicin and kanamycin) by rapid intravenous injection were histopathologically compared with those by intramuscular injection in 83 rabbits. The concentration of aminoglycoside antibiotics in serum and perilymph, after administration of two different routes was also comparatively assessed. The doses of antibiotics were 50mg/kg for dibekacin, 30mg/kg for gentamicin, and 100mg/kg for kanamycin. These antibiotics were administered for 30 days, and all animals were sacrificed 10 days after the last injection for histopathological studies.
The concentration of the antibiotics in serum and perilymph was determined through a single administration of two different routes in doses of 50mg/kg for dibekacin and 100mg/kg for kanamycin.
The results revealed that, although the peak serum level of antibiotics by the rapid intravenous injection was significantly much higher than that by the intramuscular injection, no differences in the transfer of antibiotics into perilymph and in degrees or patterns of inner ear damage or renal damage by antibiotics were seen between the two different routes. In other words, the results of the present study did not support the conventional idea that, the higher the peak blood levels of the aminoglycoside antibiotics, the more the damage in inner ear or kidney tends to take place.View full abstractDownload PDF (1479K) -
ATSUSHI SHINKAWA, MAKOTO SAKAI, HIROSATO MIYAKE, HIROKATA IWAI1980 Volume 83 Issue 11 Pages 1491-1497
Published: November 20, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe developed a newly otological method of a panoramic tomography. The essential advantage of this method over the conventional radiographic techniques is that it is possible to radiograph both temporal bones and sinuses under identical conditions with one exposure.
The x-ray beam sourse has a 2mm. slit beam which moves horizontally from right to left or vice versa circularly. The traget film distance in this method is 65mm., the amplitude of the circular axis is 220 degrees and the image layer is approximately 20mm. thick in the desired resion. By moving the x-ray machine center backward 30 to 50mm. from the base line, both temporal bones and sinuses can be taken simultaneously. Radiation dose measurements using the phantom indicate 45.7mR to the left, 32.3mR to the right, those are approximately as the same as those of the conventional postero-anterior view.View full abstractDownload PDF (1701K) -
ISAMU ONO1980 Volume 83 Issue 11 Pages 1498-1502
Published: November 20, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMass screening to detect early carcinomas of head and neck was rarely attempted previously. The rarity is due to rather low incidence of carcinomas of each site of head and neck region, and thus, efficiency of the screening is doubtful. But if there is effective method of first step screening which can be easily performed to decrease the population to be examined by ENT doctors, mass screening will be effective.
Carcinoma of the vocal cord is thought to be most suitable lesion for mass screening in head and neck cancers. From epidemiologic analysis of the patients with carcinoma of the vocal cord, patients who are older than 50 years with long-standing hoarseness and the habit of smoking more than twenty years, compose high risk population. These factors can be employed as first step screening. Mass screening limitted to these high risk population will not be difficult.
An enquete was attempted to obtain the opinions of ENT doctors about the mass screening for these high risk population.
Three hundreds and fifty five doctors answered to the enquete. Sixty-five percent of the doctors answered "mass screening should be done because the results of treatment will be better and the patients which can be controlled without sacrificing the larynx will considerably increase", but 25% of the doctors answered "mass screening is meaningless because the result of treatment for carcinoma of the vocal cord is satisfactory and efficiency of mass screening is doubtful because the incidence of carcinoma of the vocal cord is too low for mass screening."View full abstractDownload PDF (327K)
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