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Volume 84, Issue 7
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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MASAKAZU NIHO1981 Volume 84 Issue 7 Pages 703-708
Published: July 20, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMaxillary sinus irrigation with a Schmidt's maxillary antrum trocar was applied to 47 patients with chronic sinusitis, including 2 with dental sinusitis, between the ages of 13 and 74 years; forty-six received the treatment 10 to 342 times, averaging 55 times in past 4 years; one received it 166 times in past 9 years.
Two patients with dental lesions were cured, and the others were not cured but their symptoms and findings were greatly improved.
It was observed that nasal obstruction due to sinusitis was chiefly related to the degree of stricture of the orifice of the maxillary antrum rather than to the changes of the nasal cavity. Frequent sinus irrigation may cure this stricture. The changes in the nasal cavity were improved, and rhinorrhea was decreased by this procedure. This treatment was superior to the other conservative treatments for chronic sinusitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (486K) -
SEIJI NIIMI1981 Volume 84 Issue 7 Pages 709-720
Published: July 20, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe articulatory movements of the different parts of the pharyngeal wall, i. e., the lateral wall of the epipharynx and the mesopharynx, were investigated by means of endoscopical andelectromyographic technique.
The horizontal movement pattern of the epipharyngeal wall and the vertical movement pattern of the velum showed striking similarity during speech production. Electromyography of the levator veli palatini muscle revealed well corresponding patterns of these two movements.
From these observations, it can be concluded that velopharyngeal closure during speech is completed by combination of the velar elevation and medial displacement of the lateral wall of the epipharynx. Both of these two movements, even in different directions, are induced by the levator veli palatini muscle contraction.
The next question was whether the movement pattern of the mesopharyngeal wall is the same as that of the epipharyngeal wall. In order to solve this question, movements of the lateral wall of the mesopharynx and the epipharynx were observed simultaneously with electromyographic recording from the levator veli palatini muscle and the superior constrictor muscle of the pharynx which might contribute to adduct the lateral wall of the mesopharynx. For open vowel /a/, the medial movement of the epipharyngeal wall was smaller than for high vowel /i/. On the contrary, the medial excursion of the mesopharyngeal wall was greater for /a/ production than /i/production. Electromyography of the superior constrictor muscle showed greater activity level for /a/ than for /i/, which was opposite to the levator veli palatini muscle activity pattern.
This observed evidence indicates that the mesopharyngeal wall movement during speech production is caused by the superior constrictor muscle and has some effects on vowel articulation, whereas epipharyngeal wall adducts to complete the velopharyngeal closure.View full abstractDownload PDF (3922K) -
KOZO WATANUKI, TOMONORI TAKASAKA, JUN KUSAKARI, ISAO KAWATA, KAZUYA IT ...1981 Volume 84 Issue 7 Pages 721-730
Published: July 20, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour cases of cysts of the nasal vestibule recently encountered were reported. There are two main theories in reference to the pathogenesis of these cysts: The retention cyst theory in which cysts arise from the mucous membrane of the floor of the nose and the facial cleft cyst theory in which cysts arise from the epithelial remnants at the site of epithelial fusion of the face.
The majority of cysts of the nasal vestibule are now explained by the facial cleft cyst theory.
In the present report, the cysts were found at the right nasal vestibule of four adult females. This feature is probably related to the facial cleft theory of the cysts. The term "Nasenvorhofzyste" which is commonly used in Japan and German speaking countries obviously comprises all cysts of different origin at the floor of the nose.View full abstractDownload PDF (2408K) -
KAZUHIKO MATSUMOTO, EISHI YAMAMOTO, TATSUJIRO USHIJIMA, SOTARO FUNASAK ...1981 Volume 84 Issue 7 Pages 731-734
Published: July 20, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTumors of smooth muscle cell origin of the upper respiratory tract are extremely rare, especially of the larynx, and less than twenty cases have been reported in literature. Survey of literature also revealed that there was no case of laryngeal leiomyoma reported in Japan.
A 47-year-old, otherwise healthy man visited our clinic with complaint of slight laryngeal discomfort. Indirect laryngoscopr showed a semiglobular tumor-like swelling of the right false cord. Direct laryngoscopy was performed under general anethesia and the tumor, lying in the submucotic region of the false cord, was enucleated totally. It was a firm, smooth and round tumor with a diameter of 8mm. Microscopic examination revealed that the tumor was a vascular leiomyoma most likely arising from the smooth muscle of the submucous small blood vessels of the right false cord. No cellular atypia or mitosis was observed. The patient is well without recurrence eleven months after operation.View full abstractDownload PDF (903K) -
AKIRA KIKUCHI, JIN WATANABE, HACHIRO SUZUKI, MASARU AOYAGI, ISAO KATO, ...1981 Volume 84 Issue 7 Pages 735-739
Published: July 20, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS45 patients of Bell's palsy treated with conservative therapy were classified into the following two groups depending upon the recovery within 60 days or not. i.e., early recovery groupand slow recovery group.
These patients were investigated within 3 weeks after the onset of Bell's palsy, using the minimum score of May's score modified by Hosomi, minimum amount of percentage obtained from the electroneurography, and the existence of the stapedial reflex. There proved to be statistically significant between two groups. by these tests.
Furthermore we calculated the Palsy Index Score which was the multiplication of the minimum score of May's score by minimum amount of percentage obtained from the electroneurography, and the Palsy Index which contained both the Palsy Indcx Score and positive or negative of the stapedial reflex.
Based on these two indices, the prognostic criteria were established, after prognosis of cases were estimated retrospectiverly.
As a result, more accurate prognostic diagnosis could be made by using Palsy Index Score or Palsy Index. Palsy Index Score or Palsy Index are more useful to assess the prognostic diagnosis than each examination.View full abstractDownload PDF (316K) -
TAKASHI TSUIKI, KYOKO ANDO, KYUNG MYUNG JUN1981 Volume 84 Issue 7 Pages 740-748
Published: July 20, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe destiny of acute sensorineural hearing loss due to acoustic trauma was studied.
As the material of this study, 38 cases were selected from the list of patient seen in our department in the period of 14 years from 1967 to 1980.
They were treated with several kind of therapeutic agents for a sufficient period to determine their destiny.
Because of the long period for selecting the subjects, no uniformity had been kept in the drug composition for individual use throughout the cases, but in about one-third, steroids and/or low molecular weight dextran was administered. Of 38 cases, hearing recovered or markedly improved in 9, while the remaining 29, it did not improve or slightly improved.
At the viewpoint of the effective treatment, two major factors were found to be effective.
First, the time of treatment initiation. In all 9 cases whose hearing recovered or markedly improved, the treatment had begun at the 5th posttraumatic day or earlier.
Second, administration of steroids and low molecular weight dextran. All hearing improved cases had been treated with steroids and in 6 of them further with low molecular weight dextran. From those observations, the authors concluded that the acute hearing loss due to acoustic trauma might be reversible, at least in a part, when the adequate management was performed early enough.View full abstractDownload PDF (1614K) -
TEIJI TANAHASHI, KOICHI MATSUMURA, HIDETO NIWA, HIROSHI IWATA1981 Volume 84 Issue 7 Pages 749-757
Published: July 20, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPoststimulatory effects of two-tone stimulus were studied in single units of the cochlear nucleus of anesthetized cats. Experimental animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of Nenbutatl and the muscles were relaxed with Flexedil and artificial respiration was used.
After opening the posterior fossa of the skull, the cerebellum was removed and the cochlear nucleus was exposed. Unitary responses were obtained with a tungstein microelectrode and frequency tuning curves, spike rates and two-tone responses were measured. Two-tone stimulus was consisted with a masking tone and a test tone. The frequency of the test tone was characteristic frequency of the neuron and its intensity was above threshold at 10 to 20dB. The frequency of the masking tone was somewhat differed from the characteristic frequency of the neuron by 1/8-1/2 octaves.
The frequency tuning curve of the neurons of the cochlear nucleus were classified into 4 types; primary-like, narrow, symmetrical broad and atypical. The response to the test tonewas reduced by the masking tone, and the size of the decrement depended on various stimulus conditions. When the masking tone intensity was increased and the frequency difference to the test tone was decreased, the driven response was inversely proportional to the masking tone. However, in some neurons the results were differed. The decrement was decreased as the silent interval between the masking tone and the test tone was increased. The recovery patterns were divided into 4 types; 1, exponentially; the decrease of the spike discharges to the test tone was monotonic and its time constant was found to be 40-300msec, 2, dip formed; the decreasewas most remarkable at 10 or 20msec of the interval, 3, slow recovery; the decrease was remarkable beyound 200msec of the interval, 4, others; unaffected response and/or occationally other types of responses mentioned before. In some neurons it was found that the masking tone made the intensity function of the neuron sharper.
According to our results, the following conclusion was made: The neurons of the cochlear nucleus had a higher grade of the function of sound discremination than the auditory nerve, as shown by its anatomical characteristics of the cochlear nucleus.View full abstractDownload PDF (2646K) -
YOSHIKAZU YOSHIDA, TOSHIMI MIYAZAKI, MINORU HIRANO, TAKEMOTO SHIN, TAD ...1981 Volume 84 Issue 7 Pages 758-761
Published: July 20, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe location of the efferent neurons innervating the pharyngeal constrictors and the cervical esophagus muscles in the brain stem of cats was identified by means of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) used as a tracer of retrograde peroxidase axonal transport. Following HRP injection into the cephalopharyngeal muscle (CeP), the hyopharyngeal muscle (HP), the thyropharyngeal muscle (TP), the cricopharyngeal muscle (CP) and the cervical esophagus muscle (CE), labeled neurons were found ipsilaterally in the retrofacial nucleus and the rostral part of the nucleus ambiguus. The rostral end of the labeled cell column was located more rostrally for CeP and HP than for TP, CP and CE, but no difference was noted within the former two or within the latter three. The level of the caudal end of the labeled cell column became more caudal in the order of CeP, HP, TP and CP. The caudal end was located more rostral for CE than for TP. The motoneurons of CeP and HP were located in the dorsomedial part of the nucleus ambiguus, while those of CE occupied only a small, ventrolateral portion of the nucleus. The size of the motoneurons of CE was smaller and their number was less than that of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles. Motoneurons of TP and CP showed a wider distribution within the nucleus than those of the other three muscles.View full abstractDownload PDF (2261K)
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