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Volume 90, Issue 1
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KATSUHISA IKEDA, JUN KUSAKARI, TOSHIMITSU KOBAYASHI, TOMONORI TAKASAKA1987 Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 8-13
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of the increase or decrease in K+ and Na+ concentration in perilymph on the click evoked N1 was investigated in 13 albino guinea pigs. The scala tympani was perfused with an artificial perilymph containing various concentrations of K+ or Na+ and their concentrations were monitored by ion-selective microelectrodes during the experiment.
The increase of the perilymphatic K+ concentration elevated the N1 threshold and depressed the amplitude especially above 10mM. But the N1 latency showed little change with increase of K+ concentration. The decrease of the perilymphatic Na+ concentration below 100mM elevated the N1 threshold and depressed the N1 amplitude. Furthemore, the N1 latency was significantly prolonged with the decrease of the Na+ concentration in perilymph.
By the depolarization of hair cells or depolarizing effect on the auditory nerves, an excess K+ in perilymph was thought to suppress the N1 response. The Na+ deficiency in perilymph affected the N1 response by decreasing the Na+ current in excitation of the auditory nerves. The N1 latency was considered to be prolonged by decreasing the rate of rise of the action potential and/or the conduction velocity in the auditory nerves.View full abstractDownload PDF (328K) -
MAMORU MIYAGUCHI1987 Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 14-20
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComplements and complement receptor (CR1) in the maxillary mucosa were studied immunohistochemically in chronic sinusitis and in normal sinusoidal mucosa. The localization of mononuclear C3c, C1q, Factor B, C3b inactivator, and CR1 antibodies were investigated with peroxidaseantiperoxidase (PAP), avidinbiotin peroxidase complex (ABC), immunofluorescence methods, and with immunoelectron microscopy. Changes in the intensity of C3c fluorescence positivity was also investigated after the incubation of the specimens with exogene C3b.
C3 was observed only in chronic sinusitis. It was localized on the surafce of the cilia, partially in the cytoplasm of the covering epithelium and in uneven distribution in the subepithelial stroma.
CR1 was seen in the ciliar layer in both chronic sinusitis and normal maxillary mucosa. In chronic sinusitis C1q was not found and the localization of Factor B and C3b inactivator were similar to the one of C3 and CR1. Having treated with exogene C3b the intensity of fluorescence reaction was not increased in chronic sinusitis, but appeared in the normal mucosa.
Our findings show that the CR1's function in chronic sinusitis was relatively decreased because of the CR1's binding capacity was exhausted by the combined C3b.
The C1q negativity and the Factor B and C3b inactivator observed positivity in similar localization as C3 and CR1 was found suggest that the alternative pathway of complement activation plays a role in the generation of C3b.
The maintenance of inflammation in chronic sinusitis is suspected to be caused by relative decrease of the CR1's function and mucociliary dysfunction brought about by complement components which degenerate the cilia and the epithelium.View full abstractDownload PDF (1498K) -
MITSUAKI TAKAHASHI, MEGUMI KUMAI, NAOKI KANAI, TOKUJI UNNO1987 Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 21-27
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree parmanent cell lines, named AT-MS-1, -2 and-3, were established from human maxillary sinus carcinoma cells.
AT-MS-1 was cultured from moderately differenciated squamous cell carcimoma cells and passed 68 times during 26 months.
Doubling time of this cell lines was about 43 hours. AT-MS-2 and -3 were cultured from poorly differenciated squamous cell carcinomas. AT-MS-2 passed 28 times during 16 months, of which doubling time was about 82 hours. AT-MS-3 also passed 20 times during 10 months, of which doubling time was about 112 hours. AT-MS-1 and -3 were transplantable and were growing in nude mice.
Using Flow-cytometry, DNA analysis of AT-MS-1 and AT-MS-2 were determined.
In this study, each of three cell lines were proved to have different cell kinetics.View full abstractDownload PDF (2225K) -
MEGUMI KUMAI, MITSUAKI TAKAHASHI, NAOKI KANAI, TOKUJI UNNO1987 Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 28-34
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of four anti-cancer drugs, cis-diaminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), mitomycin C (MMC), peplomycin (PEP) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) against a human maxillary sinus carcinoma cell line (AT-MS-1) were examined by DNA analysis using flow cytometry (FCM). AT-MS-1 was one of our established human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines from maxillary sinus origin. HeLa cell was used as control.
Results: (1) Each AT-MS-1 cultured with CDDP, MMC and PEP showed the important shift with (G2+M) arrest and that with 5-FU showed G1-S block or G1 block. (2) The sensitivity of AT-MS-1 to CDDP was stronger than that of HeLa cell, whereas that of AT-MS-1 to 5-FU was weaker than that of HeLa cell.
These findings suggest that the DNA analysis of FCM, using the cultured cell lines like AT-MS-1 as control, will identify the sensitivity and affinity of non-treated or recurrent tumor cells to anti-cancer drugs before beginning chemotherapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (362K) -
HIDEAKI SUZUKI, RYO YUASA1987 Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 35-40
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome authors have reported that significant pressure changes occured in middle ear clefts when nitrous oxide (N2O) is inhaled during general anesthesia.
In 18 adult patients without ear diseases who underwent non-otological surgery, middle ear pressure measurements were made with impedance audiometer (Teledyne TA-2C) just before and during N2O anesthesia.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) Middle ear pressure began to rise immediately after the inhalation of N2O. Gradual rise and sudden fall of the pressure continued during anesthesia due to the diffusion of N2O and passive venting of the eustachian tube.
2) Rising rate of the middle ear pressure changed rapidly after the change of the inspired N2O concentration.
3) The partial pressure of N2O in the middle ear was calculated from the pressure variations, and the time constant of the N2O diffusion was above 400min.
4) The partial pressure of N2O calculated from the measured middle ear pressure during anesthesia turned out to be different from that calculated from the theoretical N2O concentration in blood, although neither oxygen nor Ethrane was presumed to bring any significant increase on the middle ear pressure.
5) Hence it is conceivable that the time constant of the N2O diffusion into the middle ear is more than the preceding value.View full abstractDownload PDF (324K) -
THE FIRST REPORT: BASIC TYPESHUNJI ASAI1987 Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 41-49
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGenerally Optokinetic After Nystagmus (OKAN) is clinically used as one of the examinations detailed in Neuro-Otology. However, data on OKAN has not yet been reported. For this study 103 normal subjects were examined with optokinetic stimulation of Jung type OKAN was recorded on the ENG, excepting the stimulation of optokinetic nystagmus (OKAN)
There were four different response patterns, based upon the duration of OKAN: 1) basic type (74%), 2) hyporesponsive type (18%), 3) directional preponderancy type (6%), and 4) continuous type (2%). A detailed study of the basic type revealed the following observations:
1) The duration time of OKAN was 14.6±8.4sec, and its left and right difference was 7.3± 7.3sec.
2) The number of the nystagmus was 14.5±8.8 beats, and its left and right difference was 8.1±8.0 beats.
3) The number of the nystagmus, the amplitude of the nystagmus, and the ratio of the amplitude (OKAN/OKN) were substantially decreased between 5sec and 20sec and were near 0 at 30sec.
This data has important implications with respect to future clinical applications of OKAN examination.View full abstractDownload PDF (492K) -
MIKIKAZU YAMAGIWA, TERUHIKO HARADA, KEIZO FUKUKITA, YASUO SAKAKURA1987 Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 50-58
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMajority of patients with abnormal sensation in the throat (AST) are in the 3rd, 4th and 5th decades of life and those under 20 years of age are believed to be very rare. It, however, should be explored whether the incidence of AST in young generation is undoubtedly rare or not.
The present statistical survey was conducted on 6162 primary, junior high and high school pupils to investigate the incidence of AST in children and young adults.
Of the 6162 pupils, 1570 (25.5%) had AST which included irritating itchy (16.4%), a lump (12.5%), a paste (5.5%) and/or choking (1.9%) sensation. The pupils with AST had repeatedly recurring sore throat, stiff shoulders and sleeplessness with a significantly higher incidence than those without AST. Such symptoms as AST, stiff shoulders and sleeplessness were thought to be caused by inflammatory changes in the throat.
It can be concluded that children and young adults with AST are not rare but few of them seek medical aid.View full abstractDownload PDF (765K) -
WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ASPECT OF SPECIFIC IgE ANTIBODY MEASURED BY RADIOALLERGOSORBENT TEST (RAST)MASAO NAGAI1987 Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 71-79
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the immunological aspect of subjects sensitized by apple pollen, the "radioallergosorbent test" (RAST) by the modified paper disc method was performed for 28 patients with apple pollinosis and 15 control other nasal allergic patients. These results lead to the following conclusion:
1) The presence of specitic IgE antibody against apple pollen antigen was proved in sera of patients with apple pollinosis.
2) Mean RAST score and % count were 1.511±0.915; 5.76±0.61%, and percentage of positive RAST was 49.51±7.56%. These values were relatively low in spite of the patient's severe nasal symptoms, and were lower than those of the other pollinosis.
3) The difference between RAST score in the episodic stage and that of the nonepisodic stage was not noticed. Therefore, RAST against apple tree pollen antigen is considered to be diagnostically valuable throughout the year.
4) The percentage of positive RAST corresponded with those of the skin test and the nasal provocation test. So, RAST seems to be sufficient for diagnosing apple tree pollinosis.
5) The cross-allergenicity was observed in not only each sorts of apple pollen but also in other pollen belonging to the same "rose" family, such as a pear, peach, cherry and plum pollen, except for rose pollen.View full abstractDownload PDF (665K) -
WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHARACTERISTIC SWAY IN VARIOUS STAGES OF SPONTANEOUS NYSTAGMUSSHUJI OHTA1987 Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 80-89
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate the influence of the labyrinthine status on body sway, 60 normal persons and 73 patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular disorder were examined by stabilometry. Results were analyzed, by signal processor 7T17 (NEC, SANEI), with respect to three basic components: extent, speed and direction of body sway.
The affected side of the patient was decided by neurotological examinations and the status of the diseased labyrinth was diagnosed as "irritative or paralytic", by the direction of spontaneous nystagmus.
From this investigation, the following results were obtained:
1) The extent of body sway in patients with spontaneous nystagmus was greater than normal, and the speed of body sway towards the direction of spontaneous nystagmus was faster than that in the opposite direction.
2) A characteristic difference in body sway between the patients showing irritative nystagmus and the patients showing paralytic nystagmus was observed in the direction component. In the irritative labyrinthine stage, divergence of body sway was observed and patients fluctuated to all directions. In contrast, patients in the paralytic labyrinthine stage fluctuated to the right and left sides, thus the characteristic sway in this stage was lateral.
3) Patients without spontaneous nystagmus, in spite of showing "labyrinthine preponderance" by Contraves computerized rotary chair system, did not sway beyond the normal range. This discrepancy was thought to be caused by neurophysiological differences between the vestibuloocular reflex and the vestibulo-spinal reflex.View full abstractDownload PDF (710K) -
KEIJI FUKUOKA1987 Volume 90 Issue 1 Pages 90-99
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo know the influence of"high-potassium" of the perilymph on the labyrinthine and sensory cells function, the K+ -iontophoresis was performed for the right ear of 52 guinea pigs. In this experiment, the following results were obtained:
1) ENG study revealed at first irritative nystagmus, directed to the iontophoretic side, which was soon switched over paralytic nystagmus, directed to the unaffected side. This "2 phasic change of vestibular function" was proved by the measurement of succinate dehydrogenase-activity in the vestibular sensory cells. But, there was some delay between the reversal of nystagmusdirection and the change of enzyme activity. This delay suggested the influence of central efferent system.
2) There was no particular morphological change of the sensory cells of crista ampullaris in both irritative and paralytic stage (TEM).
3) ECoG study revealed the decrease of the action potential from the beginning, and the enzyme activity of the cochlear sensory cells was impaired without any irritative sign.View full abstractDownload PDF (1257K)
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