Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho
Online ISSN : 1883-0854
Print ISSN : 0030-6622
ISSN-L : 0030-6622
Volume 91, Issue 2
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
  • SOTARO FUNASAKA, KUMIKO YUKAWA, OSAMU TAKAHASHI, SHINICHI HATSUSHIKA, ...
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 177-184,317
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The 22 multi-channel cochlear implant has been implanted in a 40-year-old female patient of complete deaf due to meningitis and in a 45-year-old totally deaf female patient due to sudden deafness. The different speach processing strategies were used; F0, F2 coding with pulse width limiting was administered to the former, whereas F0, F1, F2 coding with current controls was applied to the latter.
    The patients were tested with speech tracking, vowel recognition and consonant recognition. The former could recognize 24 “bunsetsu” es per minute for the cochlear implant plus lipreading after 3 months of training, and scores of vowel and consonant tests reached 70% and 54% respectively for the cochlear implant alone, and 100% and 73% for the cochlear implant plus lipreading. The latter could identify 28 “bunsetsu” es per minute and scores of recognition of vowel and consonant were 60% and 54% for the cochlear implant alone, and 100% and 89% for the cochlear implant plus lipreading after 3 months of training.
    The strategy for the latter seems to be more effective in understanding speech as that the latter showed more rapid improvement in speech perception than the former, although there were no differences in tests of vowel and consonant recognition.
    Modality of the cochlear implant was discussed from the viewpoints of cochlear physiology and psychoacoustics by electrical stimulation.
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  • TOSHIO TANIGUCHI, TETSUZO FUJITANI
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 185-190,317
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Our purpose of this study was to investigate β adrenergic function on the nasal mucosa of the patients with allergic rhinitis who showed positive skin test, positive provocation test, and eosinophilia in their nasal secretion.
    A small curette was used for this investigation to scrape off mucous blanket of the mucosa of the inferior turbinate.
    3H-DHA was used to estimate binding values of β adrenergic receptors on the cells of the epithelial layer.
    The maximum binding value, 78.3±33.7 (mean±SEM), was not significantly lower than that of polymorphonucleocytes or monocytes in the peripheral blood of the normal subjects.
    Cyclic AMP levels in the cells were measured using radioimmunoassay. The level of cyclic AMP incubated with 2×10-5M of 1-isoproterenol was about four times higher than that of cyclic AMP without 1-isoproterenol. This responsiveness to 1-isoproterenol was almost equal to that of peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients of non-allergic rhinitis.
    From the results obtained, we consider that β adrenergic function of the cells the epithelial layer of the nasal mucosa from patients with allergic rhinitis is not significantly reduced when compared with non allergic subjects.
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  • KOJI HOZAWA
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 191-196,317
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, middle ear mucosa obtained from the patients with of otitis media with effusion mucous type was examined immunohistochemically. Histopathological features of middle ear mucosa from there patients were characterized by the hypersecretion of mucous membrane and various inflammatory infiltrations in the submucosal connective tissue. Monoclonal antibody against the cell surface antigen demonstrated the accumulation of B cells and Leu 3a positive helper/inducer T cells in the submucosal connective tissue forming the lymph follicle-like structure. There was neither T zone nor B zone in such structure, however, these cells were HLA-DR positive. Around the lymph follicle-like structure, both Leu M3 and HLA-DR positive cells with dendritic appearance were observed, whose immunohistochemical phenotype was similar to dendritic cell or interdigitating cell. The differentiation from lymphocytes to mature plasma cells was also observed in the submucosal connective tissue by the immunoelectronmicroscopical observation. These observations indicated that humoral immune system was activated in the middle ear of the patients with otitis media with effusion, and the possible pathogenical mechanisms of otitis media with effusion were discussed.
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  • KOJI HOZAWA
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 197-203,317
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Experimentally induced type III hypersensitivity reaction in the middle ear was studied histo chemically using models of otitis media with effusion (OME). Intratympanic inoculation of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to the presensitized 50 guinea pigs resulted in serous middle ear effusions. The deposition of immune complex in the basement membrane of mucous membrane and the submucosal vascular walls was the characteristic feature of the initial experiments. These immune complexes were, however, clearly removed from the middle ear mucosa as well as middle ear effusion within 7 days. The following characteristic features were the hypersecretion of middle ear mucosa and the mucosubstance filling the whole lumen of the eustachian tube. Immune complex formation was supposed to relate with initiation of OME. The tubal dysfunction caused by the type III hypersensitivity and local immunity of middle ear mucosa seemed to be responsible for the chronicity and relapsing of OME.
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  • TETSUO TAKAHARA, TETSUZO FUJITANI, KENZO INOUE, KAZUNORI OSAMU, TAKAO ...
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 204-209,319
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Forty nine patients less than 40 years old with carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx treated primarily at the Kobe University Hospital and/or Hyogo Medical Center for Adults from 1966 to 1985, were retrospectively analyzed. During this period a total of 616 of carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx were treated in the department giving this age group an incidence of 8.0 %. Females predominated over males (27/49) and 39 out of 49 patients (80%) had squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue. The 3 and 5-year survival rate for all patients in all stages was 74% and 69% respectively. The prognosis was better as for older patients and a surgical procedure in combination with pre- and/or postoperative irradiation is recommended without compromise as to the cosmetic results. Their clinical appearance, stage, histologic state, treatment, and survival rate are reported and discussed.
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  • KYOSUKE KURATA, HIROAKI SATO, YI-HSIEN YEN, IWAO HONJO, YI-HO YOUNG, T ...
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 210-214,319
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To investigate the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion (OME) in cases with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), ventilation and clearance function of the Eustachian tube was examined in 60 cases (113 ears) of NPC with or without OME.
    The results were as follows:
    1) Active tubal opening, especially negative pressure equalization function, was most impaired both in the ears with OME and without OME, whereas passive opening of the tube remained almost normal.
    2) Clearance of the Eustachian tube was impaired only in the ears with OME. Thus, it was revealed that poor active tubal opening was an important etiologic factor for development of OME in NPC, and it was suspected that inflammatory factor is necessary to production of middle ear effusion in addition to such tubal dysfunction.
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  • KAZASHI KATO
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 215-224,319
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We have been using streptococcal preparation OK-432 as a non-specific immunotherapeutic agent for head and neck cancers. OK-432 has been reported to elicit a generalized cellular humoral immune response. Recently many investigators have reported the potential usefulness of the Su-PS skin test reaction for evaluating the therapeutic response to OK-432. However, it is not clear how the Su-PS skin test actually reacts and what components of the Su-PS antigen, the Su-PS skin test reaction actually depends upon.
    In order to solve these questions, we investigated the relationship between the skin test reaction and leukocyte migration inhibition test using Su-Protein antigen and PPD antigen. Besides we measured the agglutinin titre against streptococcal cells as humoral immune response and examined the usefulness as a immunological parameter. Conclusions of this study are:
    1. The Su-PR skin test is a useful parameter since it generates essentially the same reaction as the Su-PS skin test does and also the Su-Protein antigen is much pure than the Su-PS antigen.
    2. The Su-PR skin test is a useful parameter for estimating the clinical response to the OK-432.
    3. The agglutinin titre against streptococcal cells is a reliable parameter for evaluating the response to the OK-432 injected transdermally.
    4. The agglutinin titre against streptococcal cells is not a reliable parameter for estimating the clinical effectiveness of the OK-432 therapy.
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  • YUICHI SHIRAHATA, YOSHIO YAMAZAKI, TOSHIRO TACHINBANA, TOSIO ONISHI
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 225-232,319
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The sphenoidal sinus lesions, which were documented by sinus CT, were found in 32 sides of sphenoidal sinus of 19 patients seen in 14 months from January 1984 to February 1986. Sphenoiditis was frequently seen as in 17% in the all poly-sinusitis, and sphenoidals cysts were seen in 4 side in 3 patients.
    The indications of the sphenoiditis by CT were thickening of the mucosa and opacificasion with soft tissue density. By sphenoid cysts, no contrast enhancement was seen and margins of the cyst wall were smooth and regular with bone erosion. Since erosion of the bone is also seen in Wegener's granulomatosis and carcinoma, the CT image of the bone erosion is not specific to either of them and does not contribute to the definitive diagnosis of malignancy.
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  • TAKASHI FUKAYA, YASUYA NOMURA
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 233-239,321
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Fourty cases with surgically confirmed idiopathic perilymphatic fistula (IPF) were investigated on predisposing factors, sings and symptoms.
    The most common predisposing factors in the occurrence of IPF was significant exertion causing pressure change in tympanic cavity and cerebrospinal fluid. Ninety-two percents of the patients with IPF had auditory symptoms. Seventy percent of the patients had vestibular symptoms. Auditory and vestibular symptoms, if present, occured in a variety of forms and combination. A streaming water-like sound and a ear popping sound were noticed in 20% of the patients. Hearing loss, when presents, included varying kinds of hearing loss from sudden-profound to normal. However, four cases revealed low tone sensorineural hearing loss at onset of IPF. Vestibular sings included prolonged positional nystagmus (55%) and positive Hennenert's sing (0.5%). More than one half of the IPF had normal caloric response.
    Thirty six cases with IPF occured at the round window, and four cases at the oval window. In case of the oval window, IPF was commonly located anteriorly.
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  • TOSHIMITSU KOBAYASHI, YUTAKA SASAKI, MITSUKO SUETAKE, KATSUHISA IKEDA, ...
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 240-246,321
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Prior to the surgery of chronic otitis media it is desirable to know whether or not there is any pathology in the attic or aditus ad antrum that in blocking the aeration of the middle ear space peripheral to those areas, because if some pathology are present in the areas surgical intervention to them is often necessary. Various radiological methods including the tomography or CT have so far been used for this purpose.
    The authors described a simpler and less time consuming method using tympanometry. In an ear with a perforation, the height of base line (compliance) of a tympanogram which normally represents the external ear canal volume in non-perforated ear, indicates the sum of the air volume contained in the external ear canal and the middle ear. In 56 ears (43 cases) with central perforations of the tympanic membranes (51 chronic otitis media, 5 traumatic perforations) a comparison was made between the compliance value and the CT findings of the ears. A very good correlation was found between the compliance value and the extent of the middle ear aeration estimated by the CT. While all the 33 ears with compliance values exceeding 2.0 cc were found to have clear attic and aditus ad antrum, 19 of 23ears with compliance values below 2. Occ and 17 of 18 ears with those below 1.5cc, were found to have aditus block.
    It is concluded that tympanometry, less time consuming and simpler than radiological methods, is very effective in the preoperative screening of the patency of the attic and aditus ad antrum in chronic otitis media with perforation.
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  • MASAFUMI MURAKAMI
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 247-261,321
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A total of 126 cases of salivary gland tumors were studied from clinicopathological view point. A particular attention was paid to the reason for the recurrence in pleomorphic adenoma and to the prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Immunohistological reaction for many markers including lysozyme, lactoferrin, Al-p, keratin, S-100, actin, vimentin, CEA, etc., using PAP method was performed to investigate the origin of tumor cells and to obtain an indicator for malignancy.
    In recurrent cases with plemorphic adenoma, myxochondromatous pattern was more frequently observed than other patterns, even if no correlation to the numbers of atypical cells and of mitotic figures. A relation between the recurrence and proliferation of tumor cells was not speculated because of an equal frequency of Ki-67 positive cells irrespectively histological subtypes of pleomorphic adenoma. In adenoid cystic carcinoma, the cases with solid pattern, occupying only a part of tumor, had poor prognosis. It was presumably considered that the solid pattern in adenoid cystic carcinoma might reflect high grade malignancy.
    Immunohistologically, salivary gland tumors, benign or malignant, are composed of lines of ductal epithelial cells. In malignant tumors, however, it was rather difficult to determine the cell origin because of a poor immunohistological reaction. A localization of CEA was different in benign tumors from malignant tumors, showing that it was positive for luminar border of ductal epithelium in former and positive for cytoplasma of tumor cells in latter, particalurly in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma. CEA might be useful for differential diagnosis in certain histologic types. Ki-67 is known as antigen positive for nuclei of proliferating cells, but there has been no report on salivary gland tumors. In this study, Ki-67 positive cells in malignant tumors were higher than those of normal gland benign tumors. A high frequency of Ki-67 positive cells in salivary gland tumors may give a clue for malignancy.
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  • AKEMI HIROOKA
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 262-272,321
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the field of head and neck surgery, it is important to know the resectable length of the trachea in order to perform cricohyoidpexia or end to end anastomosis of the trachea successfully. The resectable length' depends closely upon extensibility of the trachea. ‘Extensibility’ also depends upon its elasticity. As previously reported by Yahara, evaluation of “Yerzly's Resilience” of the resected canine trachea could well express its elasticity.
    In the present study, a clinical investigation was performed for assessing “Yerzley's Resilience” of the human trachea in vivo using the same manner as Yahara's. A single rectangular mechanical impulse was given to the human trachea. Then, the vibration pattern of the trachea was recorded by ultrasonic pulse variant M-mode display. Resilience values were estimated by assessing the freely decrementing vibration curve described above using a given formula. Twenty-one men and 15 women ranging in age from 13 to 78 were investigated in the ordinary supine position at first and, then, in the extended neck position. In addition, the relationship between elasticity of the trachea and the neck extensibility was investigated.
    The results were as follows;
    1. Resilience values of the trachea become higher in proportion to the age when examined in the ordinary supine position.
    2. No positive relationship was obtained between aging and resilience values in the extended neck position.
    3. In persons above the age of 40, resilience values of the trachea in the ordinary supine position were lower if the neck extensibility was good, while higher if it was not.
    4. In persons below 39, resilience values were low regardless of the neck extensibility.
    In conclusion, the results suggest that “Yerzley's Resilience” of the human trachea in vivo can also well express the elasticity of the trachea.
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  • 1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 273-281
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • 1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 281-290
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • 1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 290-300
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese]
    1988 Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 302-305
    Published: February 20, 1988
    Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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